(d) Interactions between cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases control the cell cycle. Explain how the presence or absence of inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases might play a role in normal cells becoming cancer cells.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer: seen below.

Explanation:

The cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are a family of serine or threonine kinases which controls progression through the cell cycle. It is regulated by the subunit cyclins which forms a complex. Any Abnormalities that occur in any of the phases (from the resting state (G0), growth phase (G1), through DNA replication (S) to cell division (M) ) initiate a signal that triggers a cell cycle arrest until the issue is resolved.

CDKs have been shown to regulate other processes, particularly various aspects of transcription, different CDK isoforms have key roles in cancer cell proliferation through loss of regulation of the cell cycle. kinases inhibits several family members, preventing cell-cycle progression, for instance, in response to DNA damage, elimination of the phosphates involves in inhibition by phosphatases of the Cdc25 family is then required for activation of CDKs and cell-cycle progression. Loss of control of the cell cycle leads to the formation of cancer as stated earlier. Therefore, the presence of cyclin-dependent kinases inhibitors might play a role in normal cells becoming cancer cells by preventing cell cycle progression in response to DNA damage which can lead to the formation of cancer cells. It has been stated that the presence of CDK inhibitors is also useful in the treatment of cancerous tumor.

Answer 2

The abnormal expression of activators or inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) leads to abnormal phosphorylation of protein targets associated with the disruption of the cell cycle.

The cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are proteins whose interaction is fundamental for controlling the progression through the cell cycle.

A cyclin binds to its corresponding CDK to activate its kinase domain, which then phosphorylates different protein targets during the cell cycle.

Cancer is often associated with mutations in proteins that regulate the activity of CDKs, thereby also dysregulating check restriction points in normal cells.

The abnormal expression of activators and/or inhibitors of CDKs drives the abnormal functioning of these proteins, thereby they then are no longer able to phosphorylate (and thus regulate) targets associated with the progression or disruption of the cell cycle.

In conclusion, the abnormal expression of activators or inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) leads to abnormal phosphorylation of protein targets associated with the disruption of the cell cycle.

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Related Questions

What tip can you give your friends to help them to navigate a successful financial future?

Answers

There are so many great ways you can help people who are struggling to take control of their finances. Help them create an EveryDollar budget. Offer to be their financial accountability partner. Recommend Financial Peace University—or buy them a membership and help them enroll in a local class.Answer:

Explanation:

When you have attained the desired level of accomplishment. It's less difficult to pursue other crucial facets of your life.

What the best way to navigate a successful financial future?

The government should only borrow money over the course of an economic cycle to finance investments, not short-term expenditures, according to the Golden Rule.

In plain English, this indicates that the government should only borrow money to finance investments that will benefit future generations on average over the ups and downs of an economic cycle.

There are so many wonderful things you can do to support those who are having a hard time managing their money. Assist them in developing an Every Dollar budget. Offer to partner with them in financial responsibility.

Therefore, give them the name of Financial Peace University, or buy them a subscription and assist them in signing up for a class nearby.

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#SPJ2

The use of fossil fuels has improved medicine, sanitation, and agriculture. What is a negative effect of their use?
A) The global human population has increased.
B) The human population and society in general is experiencing a higher standard of living.
C) Fossil fuels are not sustainable and are being depleted at a faster pace than nature can replenish
them.
D) Using fossil fuels has no negative effects.

Answers

C Fossil Fuels are not sustainable

Answer:

C

Explanation:

1. In the last few decades, the technology of travel has developed rapidly. In particular, flying
has opened up the whole world to the keen traveler. Moreover, in many countries, the cost of
flying is becoming more affordable to the average person. But the increased ability to travel has
brought many undesirable consequences, which people are becoming more aware of. For
example, increased environmental awareness may produce a feeling of guilt both in terms of the
pollution air travel causes and the environmental impact of visitors on tourist destinations. Other
travelers may be alarmed by the prospect of hi-jackings or terrorist attacks. Thus, the sheer
ability to travel will not necessarily lead to an increase in the amount of travel.
Which of the following is the best expression of the main conclusion of the above argument?

Answers

In particular, flying

has increased environmental awareness may produce a feeling of guilt both in terms of the

pollution air travel causes and the environmental impact of visitors on tourist destinations

PLEASE ANSWER WITHIN 20 MINS WILL PICK BRAINLIEST if sin theta =1/ in quadrant 2 find the exact value of cos (theta + pi/6)

Answers

Answer:

it would be b

Explanation:

(d) Predict the effect of a mutation that prevents the expression of AURKA on a normal (noncancerous) cell.

Answers

Answer:

If AURKA expression is inhibited, there will be no separation of the mitotic spindle, which will compromise mitosis and will not allow the cell cycle to function properly.

Explanation:

AURKA is essential for the proper functioning of the mitotic cell division. This is because AURKA is mainly responsible for the formation of the mitotic spindle in the cells, so that there is an adequate separation of the sister chromatids, during cell division.

If AURKA is inhibited, the mitotic spindle will not be formed, which will compromise the cell cycle.

- Match the birth control method with its description.
(1) withdrawal
0. kills sperm
(2) rhythm method
a. keeps sperm out of vagina or from entering cervix
(3) condom
b. increases thickness of cervical mucus to inhibit sperm from entering the
uterus
(4) spermicide
c. no intercourse during fertile times
(5) estrogen and progesterone d. penis removed from vagina before ejaculation
pills
(6) IUD
e. sperm cells never reach penis
(7) vasectomy
f. prevent follicle maturation and ovulation
(8) tubal ligation
g. oocytes never reach uterus

Answers

Could you show a photo or something? This is hard to read.

Allen bought 1,350 shares of stock for $12 per share. If he sold all his shares for $27,000, how much profit on each
make?
a. $6
b. $8
C. $10
d. $12
Please select the best answer from the choices provided
J

Answers

Answer:

$8

Explanation:

B $8 on edge

Answer:

B $8

Explanation:

Evaluate the extent to which Christian missionary efforts motivated European imperial expansion in nineteenth-century Africa.

Answers

Answer:

The major missionary activities from Europe and North America came late in the 19th century, during the Scramble for Africa.

Early colonizers carried with them the belief that native needed to be saved from their own backwards religion and way of life. Some, in order to do this without generating much hostility introduced missionaries, who came in as friendly good-news-bearers in order to gain the trust of the natives.

Christian evangelists were intimately involved in the colonial process in southern Africa. The missionaries discovered increasingly that the medical and educational services they could provide were highly welcome to Africans who were not responsive to theological appeals. When Christian missionaries came to Africa, some native peoples were very hostile and did not accept the missionaries in Africa. Even though there were some Christian missionaries that went about colonizing the native Africans in unchristian ways, some missionaries were truly devoted to colonizing through peaceful means and truly thought that the people of Africa needed to be taught the Christian gospel.

David Livingstone (1813–1873), a Scottish missionary, he worked after 1840 north of the Orange River with the London Missionary Society, as an explorer, missionary and writer. He became one of the most popular British heroes of the late 19th-century Victorian era. He had a mythical status that operated on a number of interconnected levels: Protestant missionary martyr, inspirational story of rising from the poor, scientific investigator and explorer, imperial reformer, anti-slavery crusader, and advocate of British commercial and colonial expansion. This clearly shows that Christian missionaries were effective tools in the colonization of Africa, they came in posing the image of coming to save the natives and slowly but effectively engulfed them in colonialism.

THE AQUISITION OF LEGAL EDUCATION AND PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE IN THE PRACTICE OF
LAW ARE ENOUGH BUILDING BLOCKS TO ENSURE THE INDEPENDENCE IN THE JUDICIARY.

Answers

Answer:

False

Explanation:

Legal education and professional experience in the practice of law are not sufficient to guarantee the independence of the rotten judiciary within the state. Although the judiciary is independent, other blocks related to the constitution and defense of the country's laws are necessary to maintain this independence, such as the existence of highly qualified professionals, security of information and services provided by the judiciary, separation of the judiciary from legislative and executive powers, among others.

The most populous country that is not a member of the United Nations is__________

Answers

the answer is Taiwan

A country with more than one million inhabitants that is not a member of the United Nations is Taiwan.

The person below me is correct.

From "My Parents Were Deported" by Diane Guerrero (Copyright © Diane Guerrero, 2014). Reprinted by kind permission of the author.
Which of the following best describes the author's exigence in the passage?
The increasing number of people seeking asylum in the United States
The impact of government policies on undocumented immigrant families
The lack of positive role models for children of undocumented immigrants
Widespread ignorance of the poor quality of legal representation available to undocumented immigrants
The author's desire to acknowledge her parents' efforts to support her despite their immigration status

Answers

Answer:

The impact of government policies on undocumented immigrant families

Explanation:

In "My Parents Were Deported" by Diane Guerrero we can see that the author shows the importance of establishing public policies that involve all individuals living in the country, including immigrants and mainly illegal immigrants.

The author states that illegal immigrants contribute to the country's economy, but they have nothing to help them become legal citizens, however much they want to. With this, the author shows the demand in government policies in the families of undocumented immigrants.

The author's exigence in the passage is due to The impact of government policies on undocumented immigrant families

Diane Guerrero talked about the United State's policy on immigration. According to her, this policy was separating families instead of bringing them together.

Using her own family and experience, she talked about her parents being deported even after living in the country for quite a while.

She blamed the policy for separating her from her parents at a young age of 14. She talked about the negative impact this policy has on the families.

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(a) Based on the data for the groups of cells cultured with 0.1% serum (groups 3 to 7), identify which of the four proteins tested do(does) not appear to play a role in blocking cell cycle entry by fibroblasts.

Answers

Answer:

P 16

Explanation:

P 16 does not appear to play a role in blocking cell cycle entry by fibroblast. cyclin dependdent kinase (CDK) promotes cell cycle progression thus inhibitors of CDK inhibit cell cycle. In graph, it has been shown that in absence of p 16 there is no increase in DNA Content but when others are absent ,DNA CONTENT IS MORE.

Which equation is used to determine the density of a substance?
OD = MN
OD=MXV
OD = V/M
D=MV?

Answers

Answer:

density is equal to mass divided by volume.

d=m/v

The answer is D=M/V .

A boy was at a carnival and went to a booth where a man said to the boy, "If I write your exact weight on this piece of paper then you have to give me $50, but if I cannot, I will pay you $50." The boy looked around and saw no scale so he agrees, thinking no matter what the carny writes he'll just say he weighs more or less. In the end the boy ended up paying the man $50. How did the man win the bet?

Answers

Answer:

The man did exactly as he said he would and wrote "your exact weight" on the paper.

Explanation: Hope this helps

C. Using India’s rate of natural increase shown in the table, describe how to calculate the doubling time of India’s population

Answers

Doubling time of India’s population can be calculated by dividing 70 years by the  rate of natural increase percentage.

Note that the rate of natural increase percentage was given in the population statistics for India 2018.

Hence:

Doubling time of India's population can be calculated using this formula

India's Doubling time=70 years/ Percentage of rate of natural increase

Where:

Rate of natural increase=1.4%

Let plug in the formula

India's Doubling time=70 years/1.4%

India's Doubling time=50 years

Inconclusion Doubling time of India’s population can be calculated by dividing 70 years by the  rate of natural increase percentage.

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