Answer:
The reaction reaches equilibrium at the fourth panel.
Explanation:
Chemical Equilibrium is achieved when the overall properties the system seem to be constant, that is, stop changing.
Although, for chemical equilibrium, the right term for this equilibrium is dynamic equilibrium; the rate of forward reaction balances the rate of backward reaction, but concentrations can keep changing.
The point where equilibrium is achieved is when exactly when we reach the panel where the spheres that make up this panel is the same as the next panel and the next, that is, the specific colour and number of spheres start to become unchanged.
And from the description given in the question,
- In the first panel, there are ten large red spheres.
- In the second panel, there are 8 large red spheres and two small blue spheres.
- In the third panel, there are six large red spheres and four small blue spheres.
- In the fourth panel, there are four large red spheres and six small blue spheres.
- In the fifth panel, there are four large red spheres and six small blue spheres.
It is evident that the make-up of the spheres have become the same as at the fourth and fifth panel. This means that the first point where this final configuration of spheres first appeared is the fourth panel.
Hence, equilibrium is first reached at the fourth panel.
Hope this Helps!!!
The reaction reaches equilibrium at the fourth panel. A reaction is at equilibrium when the amounts of reactants or products no longer change. Chemical equilibrium is a dynamic process
What is Chemical Equilibrium?It is the rate of formation of products by the forward reaction is equal to the rate at which the products re-form reactants by the reverse reaction.
The point where equilibrium is achieved is when exactly when we reach the panel where the spheres that make up this panel is the same as the next panel and the next, that is, the specific color and number of spheres start to become unchanged.
As per the descriptions of panel given in question:
It is evident that the make-up of the spheres have become the same as at the fourth and fifth panel. This means that the first point where this final configuration of spheres first appeared is the fourth panel.
Hence, equilibrium is first reached at the fourth panel.
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Coordination sphere isomers ________. Select one: A. have the same molecular formula but different coordination numbers B. have the same molecular formula and coordination number C. are the same as resonance structures D. have different molecular formulas and different coordination numbers E. have different molecular formulas but the same coordination number
Answer:
have the same molecular formula and coordination number
Explanation:
Coordination sphere isomers refer to two or more coordination compounds which have the different compositions within the coordination sphere (i.e., the metal atom plus the ligands that are bonded to it) i.e., the connectivity between atoms is different.
Let us show a typical example;
[Cr(NH3)5(OSO3)]Br and [Cr(NH3)5Br]SO4
The molecular formula and coordination number of the both compounds are the same but atom-atom connections differ. In one compound, sulphate ion is outside the coordination sphere while in its isomer, the sulphate ion is inside the coordination sphere.
According to structural isomerism, co-ordination sphere isomers have the same molecular formula and coordination number , thus option B is correct.
Structural isomers are defined as the isomers in which atoms are completely arranged in a different order but the molecular formula remains the same.
They are the molecules which have same molecular formula but different connectivities of atoms which depend on the order they are put together.An increase in the number of carbon atoms leads to an increase in the structural isomers.
There are 3 types of structural isomerism which are as follows:
1)Chain isomerism
2) position isomerism
3) functional group isomerism
Thus, option B is correct.
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The substance fluorine has the following properties: normal melting point: 53.5 K normal boiling point: 85.0 K triple point: 1.6×10-4 atm, 53.4 K critical point: 55 atm, 144.1 K A sample of fluorine at a pressure of 1.00 atm and a temperature of 90.3 K is cooled at constant pressure to a temperature of 49.3 K. Which of the following are true? Choose all that apply The sample is initially a gas. The liquid initially present will vaporize. The final state of the substance is a solid. One or more phase changes will occur. The final state of the substance is a liquid. Submit Answer
Answer:
The true statements include;
- The sample is initially a gas.
- The final state of the substance is a solid.
- One or more phase changes will occur.
The untrue/false statements include;
- The liquid initially present will vaporize.
- The final state of the substance is a liquid.
Explanation:
A couple pieces of informatton on Fluorine is imitially provided.
The substance fluorine has the following properties: normal melting point: 53.5 K normal boiling point: 85.0 K triple point: 1.6×10-4 atm, 53.4 K critical point: 55 atm, 144.1 K
So, a question is now attached about a sample of Fluorine. A sample of fluorine at a pressure of 1.00 atm and a temperature of 90.3 K is cooled at constant pressure to a temperature of 49.3 K.
We are then told to examine a group of options to find the ones that are correct/apply.
Taking the options one at a time
- The sample is initially a gas.
The initial state of the Fluorine sample has its temperature at 90.3 K, which is above the gas' boiling point. Hence, the sample can be concluded to initially be a gas.
- The liquid initially present will vaporize.
The sample doesn't initially contain liquid. And even of it did, the temperature is cooled, not heated , Hence, this statement is wrong.
- The final state of the substance is a solid.
The sample of Fluorine moves from a temperature higher than boiling point (85.0 K), with the sample in gaseous form, to one that is at a lower temperature (49.3 K) than the gas' normal melting point (53.5 K).
At temperatures lower than melting point, a substance exists in the solid form. Hence, this statement is true. The final state of the substance is solid.
- One or more phase changes will occur.
In moving from 90.3 K to 49.3 K for the sample and passing through the substance's boiling and melting points (85.0 K and 53.5 K respectively) along the way, it is logical to conclude that there would be one or more phase changes will occur. This statement is true.
- The final state of the substance is a liquid.
This is false as we already established that the final state of the substance is a solid. Hence, this statement is false.
Hope this Helps!!!
Final answer:
At 1.00 atm, fluorine starts as a gas at 90.3 K, then condenses to a liquid as it cools, and finally becomes a solid at 49.3 K, indicating that both condensation and freezing phase changes occur.
Explanation:
The substance fluorine has different states at various temperatures and pressures. To determine the state changes of fluorine when cooling from a temperature of 90.3 K to 49.3 K at constant pressure of 1.00 atm, we refer to the given melting and boiling points of fluorine. According to the information:
Normal melting point: 53.5 K
Normal boiling point: 85.0 K
At the starting temperature of 90.3 K and 1.00 atm, fluorine is above the boiling point, so the sample is initially a gas. As the temperature cools to below the boiling point but still above the melting point, any liquid that may be present will not vaporize; instead, the gas will condense to form a liquid. Since the final temperature of 49.3 K is below the melting point of 53.5 K, the final state of the substance is a solid. Throughout this process, one or more phase changes will occur; specifically, the gas will condense to a liquid and then freeze into a solid. Therefore, the final state of the substance will not remain a liquid; this statement is false.
In the following reaction, which element in what species is oxidized? C₂H₄ (g) + 3 O₂ (g) → 2 CO₂ (g) + 2 H₂O (g)
Answer:
Carbon
Explanation:
carbon in C2H4 has oxidation state of +2, in CO2 is +4
In the reaction C₂H₄(g) + 3 O₂(g) → 2 CO₂(g) + 2 H₂O(g), carbon in C₂H₄ is oxidized.
Let's consider the following balanced redox reaction.
C₂H₄(g) + 3 O₂(g) → 2 CO₂(g) + 2 H₂O(g)
We will determine the oxidation numbers of carbon in different compounds, by considering that the sum of the oxidation numbers of the elements is equal to the charge of the compound (zero in neutral compounds).
The oxidation number of C in C₂H₄ is:
[tex]2 C + 4 H = 0\\\\2C + 4(1) = 0\\\\C = -2[/tex]
The oxidation number of C in CO₂ is:
[tex]C + 2 O = 0\\\\C + 2(-2) = 0\\\\C = 4[/tex]
As we can see, carbon is oxidized because its oxidation number increases from -2 to +4.
In the reaction C₂H₄(g) + 3 O₂(g) → 2 CO₂(g) + 2 H₂O(g), carbon in C₂H₄ is oxidized.
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Sulfur dioxide and oxygen react to form sulfur trioxide during one of the key steps in sulfuric acid synthesis. An industrial chemist studying this reaction fills a 500. mL flask with 3.7 atm of sulfur dioxide gas and 2.3 atm of oxygen gas, and when the mixture has come to equilibrium measures the partial pressure of sulfur trioxide gas to be 2.2 atm. Calculate the pressure equilibrium constant for the reaction of sulfur dioxide and oxygen at the final temperature of the mixture. Round your answer to 2 significant digits.
Answer:
The pressure equilibrium constant is [tex]K_p = 323[/tex]
Explanation:
From the question we are told that
The volume of the flask is [tex]V = 50 mL = 50 *10^{-3} L[/tex]
The pressure of sulfur dioxide is [tex]P_s = 3.7 \ atm[/tex]
The pressure of oxygen gas [tex]P_o = 2.3 \ atm[/tex]
The pressure of sulfur trioxide at equilibrium is [tex]P_t = 2.2 \ atm[/tex]
The chemical equation for this reaction is
[tex]2 SO_2_{(g)} + O_2_{(g)}[/tex] ⇄ [tex]2SO_3_{(g)}[/tex]
The partial pressure of oxygen at equilibrium is mathematically evaluated as
[tex]P_p__{O}} = P_o - P_t[/tex]
Substituting values
[tex]P_p__{O}} = 2.3 -2.2[/tex]
[tex]P_p__{O}} = 0.1 \ atm[/tex]
The partial pressure of sulfur dioxide at equilibrium is mathematically evaluated as
[tex]P_p__{s}} = P_s - P_t[/tex]
Substituting values
[tex]P_p__{S}} = 3.7 -2.2[/tex]
[tex]P_p__{O}} = 1.5 \ atm[/tex]
From the chemical equation pressure constant is mathematically represented as
[tex]K_p = \frac{[P_t]^2}{[P_p__{o}} ]^2 [P_p__{s}}]}[/tex]
Substituting values
[tex]K_p = \frac{[2.2]^2}{[ 0.1 ]^2 [{ 1.5}]}[/tex]
[tex]K_p = 323[/tex]
Which of the following statements concerning hydrocarbons is/are correct?
1.
Saturated hydrocarbons may be cyclic or acyclic molecules.
2.
An unsaturated hydrocarbon molecule contains at least one double bond.
3.
Ethylenediamine, H2NCH2CH2NH2, is an example of a saturated hydrocarbon.
Answer:
1. Saturated hydrocarbons may be cyclic or acyclic molecules.
2. An unsaturated hydrocarbon molecule contains at least one double bond.
Explanation:
Hello,
In this case, hydrocarbons are defined as the simplest organic compounds containing both carbon and hydrogen only, for that reason we can immediately discard the third statement as ethylenediamine is classified as an amine (organic chain containing NH groups).
Next, as saturated hydrocarbons only show single carbon-to-carbon bonds and carbon-to-hydrogen bonds, they may be cyclic (ring-like-shaped) or acyclic (not forming rings), so first statement is true
Finally, since we can find saturated hydrocarbons which have single carbon-to-carbon and carbon-to-hydrogen bonds only and unsaturated hydrocarbons which could have double or triple bonds between carbons and carbon-to-hydrogen bonds, the presence of at least one double bond makes the hydrocarbon unsaturated.
Therefore, first and second statements are correct.
Best regards.
Final answer:
Statements 1 and 2 are correct regarding saturated hydrocarbons being cyclic or acyclic and unsaturated hydrocarbons containing at least one double bond. Statement 3 is incorrect because ethylenediamine is not a hydrocarbon.
Explanation:
To address which statements concerning hydrocarbons are correct:
Saturated hydrocarbons may indeed be cyclic or acyclic molecules. When cyclic, they have the general formula CnH₂n, such as cycloalkanes, which are saturated compounds. Acyclic saturated hydrocarbons, also known as alkanes, have single bonds only and follow the general formula CHn₂+2.
An unsaturated hydrocarbon molecule contains at least one double or triple bond. Molecules with one or more double bonds are alkenes, with the simplest being ethene (or ethylene), C₂H₄.
Ethylenediamine, H₂NCH₂CH₂NH₂, is not an example of a saturated hydrocarbon. It contains amine groups (NH₂) and therefore is not a hydrocarbon.
Hence, statements 1 and 2 are correct, while statement 3 is incorrect.
How many moles of Na are needed to produce 4 moles of NaCl in the
reaction below?
2 Na + Cl2 --> 2 Naci
Select one:
Answer: 4 moles of Na are needed to produce 4 moles of NaCl
Explanation:
The balanced chemical equation is :
[tex]2Na+Cl_2\rightarrow 2NaCl[/tex]
According to stoichiometry :
2 moles of [tex]NaCl[/tex] are formed from = 2 moles of [tex]Na[/tex]
Thus 4 moles of [tex]NaCl[/tex] will be formed from = [tex]\frac{2}{2}\times 4=4moles[/tex] of [tex]Na[/tex]
Thus 4 moles of Na are needed to produce 4 moles of NaCl
3. A sample of gas contains 3 moles of argon and 5 moles of krypton. If the argon exerts a pressure of
210 torr , what is the pressure of the krypton? What is the total pressure?
Answer:pressure of the krypton = 350torr,Total pressure= 560torr
Explanation:
Note:The partial pressure of an individual gas = to the total pressure multiplied by the mole fraction of that gas.
Given
Argon=3moles
pressure for Argon =PAr= 210 torr
Krpton = 5 , Kr pressure = ?
a) PArgon = mole fraction of Argon x total pressure
3/3+5 x total pressure = 210
total pressure = 210x 8/3
Total pressure= 560torr
b) pressure for Krypton = Krypton mole fraction x total pressure
5/8 X 560
= 350torr
pressure of the krypton = 350torr
If 300 mL of water were added to 200 mL solution of 1.8 M H2SO4. What will the concentration of H2SO4 be after the addition of water?
Answer:
0.72 M
Explanation:
Given data
Initial volume of the H₂SO₄ solution (V₁): 200 mLVolume of water added (VH₂O): 300 mLInitial concentration of the H₂SO₄ solution (C₁): 1.8 MStep 1: Calculate the final volume (V₂)
The final volume of the solution is equal to the sum of the initial volume of the solution and the volume of water.
[tex]V_2 = V_1 + VH_2O = 200 mL + 300mL = 500mL[/tex]
Step 2: Calculate the concentration of the diluted solution (C₂)
We will use the dilution rule.
[tex]C_1 \times V_1 = C_2 \times V_2\\C_2 = \frac{C_1 \times V_1}{V_2} = \frac{1.8M \times 200mL}{500mL}= 0.72 M[/tex]
Which best describes thermal energy?
It is the difference between internal energies of two or more substances
It is the sum of internal energies of two or more substances
O It is the portion of internal energy that can be transferred from one substance to another.
It is the portion of potential energy that can be transferred from one substance to another
Mark this and return
Save and Exit
Answer:
It is the sum of internal energies of two or more substances
Explanation:
Answer:
C. It is the portion of internal energy that can be transferred from one substance to another.
Explanation:
the other one was incorrect so this one was what it was
the calculation of quantities in chemical reaction is called
Answer:
The correct answer would be stoichiomtery!
Answer:
This is known as stoichiometry. Stoichiometry, by definition, is the calculation of the quantities of reactants or products in a chemical reaction using the relationships found in the balanced chemical equation.
write balanced half-reactions for the following redox reactions
Cl2(g) + Bi3+ (aq) + 6OH-(aq) = 2cl-(aq) + BiO-3 (aq) + 3H20 (l)
This answer explains how to write the balanced half-reactions for the given redox reaction. The reduction half-reaction is Cl2 + 2e- -> 2Cl-, which involves Chlorine gas gaining electrons to form chloride ions. The oxidation half-reaction is Bi3+ + 6OH- -> BiO3- + 3H2O + 5e-, where Bismuth loses electrons to form Bismuthate ion and water.
Explanation:The balanced half-reactions for the following redox reactions are determined by separating the redox reaction into two parts: the reduction half-reaction and the oxidation half-reaction. The reduction is the gain of electrons, whereas the oxidation is the loss of electrons.
For the reduction half-reaction, Chlorine gas (Cl2) gains electrons to form chloride ions (Cl-):
Cl2 + 2e- -> 2Cl-
For the oxidation half-reaction, Bismuth (Bi3+) loses electrons to form Bismuthate ion (BiO3-), and water (H2O) is produced from Hydroxide ions (OH-):
Bi3+ + 6OH- -> BiO3- + 3H2O + 5e-
The electrons lost in the oxidation half-reaction equal the electrons gained in the reduction half-reaction, which maintains the balance of the overall redox reaction.
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Final answer:
Balanced half-reactions involve separating a redox equation into two parts: oxidation and reduction. The oxidation half-reaction for Bi3+ to BiO3- includes balancing oxygen with water, hydrogen with protons, and charges with electrons, and the reduction half-reaction for Cl2 to Cl- is balanced by adding electrons.
Explanation:
To write the balanced half-reactions for the redox reaction Cl2(g) + Bi3+ (aq) + 6OH-(aq) = 2Cl-(aq) + BiO3- (aq) + 3H2O (l), we first need to separate the reaction into two half-reactions: one for the oxidation process and one for the reduction process.
Oxidation Half-Reaction:
Bi3+ (aq) → BiO3- (aq)
Steps to balance:
Reduction Half-Reaction:
Cl2(g) + 2e- → 2Cl-(aq)
Steps to balance:
Final Half-Reactions:
Oxidation: Bi3+ (aq) + 3 H2O (l) → BiO3- (aq) + 6 H+ (aq) + 6 e-
Reduction: Cl2(g) + 2e- → 2Cl-(aq)
Now, we can combine the half-reactions, ensuring that the electrons lost in the oxidation are gained in the reduction, which results in the electrons canceling out when the half-reactions are combined.
A 2.5-liter sample of gas is at STP. When the temperature is raised to 546 K and the pressure remains constant, what will be the new volume of the gas?
Answer:
5L
Explanation:
Please see the step-by-step solution in the picture attached below.
Hope this answer can help you. Have a nice day!
A 2.5 liter sample of gas is STP. When the temperature is raised to 546 K and the pressure remains constant the new volume of the gas will be 5 L.
What is Ideal Gas Law ?The ideal gas law states that the pressure of gas is directly proportional to the volume and temperature of the gas.
PV = nRT
where,
P = Pressure
V = Volume
n = number of moles
R = Ideal gas constant
T = Temperature
What is STP ?STP is Standard Temperature and Pressure. At STP the temperature is 273 K or 0°C and the standard pressure is 1 atm.
Now, according to question the pressure is constant, then
At constant pressure
V ∝ T
[tex]\frac{V_1}{V_2} = \frac{T_1}{T_2}[/tex]
[tex]\frac{2.5\ L}{V_2} = \frac{273\ K}{546\ K}[/tex]
[tex]V_{2} = \frac{546 \times 2.5\ L}{273}[/tex]
V₂ = 5 L
Thus, from the above conclusion we can say that A 2.5 liter sample of gas is STP. When the temperature is raised to 546 K and the pressure remains constant the new volume of the gas will be 5 L.
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On average, each person in the industrialized world is responsible for the emission of 10,000 kg of carbon dioxide (CO2) every year. This includes CO2 that you generate directly, by burning fossil fuels to operate your car or furnace, as well as CO2 generated on your behalf by electric generating stations and manufacturing plants. CO2 is a greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming.
If you were to store your yearly CO2 emissions in a cube at STP, how long would each edge of the cube be?
Final answer:
To calculate the length of each edge of the cube that would store your yearly CO2 emissions, convert the emissions from kg to metric tons and use the density of carbon dioxide at STP to find the volume. The length of each edge would be approximately 17.9 meters.
Explanation:
To calculate the length of each edge of the cube that would store your yearly CO2 emissions, we first need to convert the emissions from kg to metric tons. Since the average CO2 emissions per person per year is 10,000 kg, this is equal to 10 metric tons (1 metric ton = 1000 kg).
Next, we need to find the volume of the cube. The formula for the volume of a cube is V = s^3, where s represents the length of each edge.
Let's use the given data to solve for s:
CO2 emissions per person per year: 10 metric tons
Density of CO2 at STP: 1.98 kg/m³ (source: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/carbon_dioxide)
Using the density, we can convert the metric tons of CO2 to the corresponding volume in cubic meters:
10 metric tons * 1000 kg/metric ton = 10,000 kg
10,000 kg / 1.98 kg/m³ ≈ 5,051.51 m³
Now, let's solve for s:
s^3 = 5,051.51 m³
s ≈ 17.9 meters (rounded to one decimal place)
Therefore, each edge of the cube that would store your yearly CO2 emissions at STP would be approximately 17.9 meters long.
At a given temperature, Kc=1.3x10-2 for reaction 1. What is the value of Kc for reaction 2? Reaction 1: begin mathsize 12px style N subscript 2 open parentheses g close parentheses plus 3 H subscript 2 open parentheses g close parentheses rightwards harpoon over leftwards harpoon 2 N H subscript 3 open parentheses g close parentheses end style Reaction 2: begin mathsize 12px style 4 N H subscript 3 open parentheses g close parentheses rightwards harpoon over leftwards harpoon space 2 N subscript 2 open parentheses g close parentheses plus 6 H subscript 2 open parentheses g close parentheses end style
Answer:
See explaination
Explanation:
For a reversible reaction, the equilibrium constant for a backward reaction is reciprocal.
If the coefficients in a balanced equation are multiplied by a factor, n, the equilibrium expression is raised to the nth power.
K' = (K)^n
In the second reaction the value kf n is 2. The first reaction is multiplied by 2.
See attachment for further solution
Answer: -9 8 48 -6
Explanation: trust me
Student Exploration: Collision Theory Vocabulary: activated complex, catalyst, chemical reaction, concentration, enzyme, half-life, molecule, product, reactant, surface area Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.) 1. Suppose you added a spoonful of sugar to hot water and another to ice-cold water. Which type of water will cause the sugar to dissolve more quickly? _________________________ 2. Suppose you held a lighted match to a solid hunk of wood and another match to a pile of wood shavings. Which form of wood will catch fire more easily? ______________________
Answer:
1. Hot water
2. A pile of wood shavings
Explanation:
Sugar can dissolve more quickly in hot water than in cold water because there is more energy in hot water molecules. Because they are moving faster, they have more energy to break the bonds that hold sugar together. There is also more energy available to break the hydrogen bonds that hold water together.
Wood shavings have a greater contact surface than the solid hunk of wood, which is why they have a higher calorific value and then they will catch fire more easily.
Write electron configurations for each of the following elements. Use the symbol of the previous noble gas in brackets to represent the core electrons. Part A Te Express your answer in condensed form in order of increasing orbital energy as a string without blank space between orbitals. For example, [He]2s22p2 should be entered as [He]2s^22p^2.
The question is incomplete; the complete question is:
Write electron configurations for each of the following elements. Use the symbol of the previous noble gas in brackets to represent the core electrons. Express your answer in condensed form in order of increasing orbital energy as a string without blank space between orbitals. For example, (He)2s^22p^2. For: Te, Br, I, Cs
Answer:
Te- [Kr]4d^10 5s^2 5p^4
Br- [Ar] 3d^10 4s^2 4p^5
I - [Kr] 4d^10 5s^2 5p^5
Cs - [Xe]6s^1
Explanation:
We could write a short hand electron configuration for any element. All we need to do is to study the long hand electron configuration of the element and decode its noble gas core. Every element is composed of an inert gas core configuration showing the inner electrons followed by the outermost shell electrons.
The inert gas core could be shown by writing the symbol of the particular noble gas involved within square brackets followed by the element's outer electron configuration as shown in the answer above.
The electron configuration for Tellurium (Te) is [Kr]4d^105s^25p^4, determined by filling in the core electrons from the previous noble gas (Krypton) and by its position in the Periodic table.
Explanation:The electron configuration for the element Te (Tellurium) can be determined by understanding its position in the periodic table. Tellurium belongs to Group 16 and Period 5. Therefore, filling the electrons until we reach Te, we start from the noble gas at the end of Period 4, which is Krypton [Kr]. From there, we proceed to fill the 5th orbital. In order, this looks like: [Kr]4d^105s^25p^4. Thus, the electron configuration of Te is [Kr]4d^105s^25p^4.
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Propose a possible synthesis of benzaldehyde starting from toluene and any inorganic or organic compounds
Answer:
Explanation:
Benzaldehyde can be prepared from toluene through Etard reaction .In this reaction benzaldehyde is treated with reagent chromyl chloride ( CrO₂Cl₂ ) which oxidises it to benzaldehyde.
to form benzaldehyde .
CrO₂Cl₂
C₆H₅CH₃ -----------------------> C₆H₅CHO
Suppose 0.950 L of 0.410 MH,SO, is mixed with 0.900 L of 0.240 M KOH. What concentration of sulfuric acid remains
after neutralization?
Answer:
The remaining concentration of H2SO4 is 0.152 M
Explanation:
Step 1: Data given
Volume of H2SO4 = 0.950 L
Molarity H2SO4 = 0.410 M
Volume of KOH = 0.900 L
Molarity of KOH = 0.240 M
Step 2: The balanced equation
H2SO4 + 2KOH → K2SO4 + 2H2O
Step 3: Calculate moles
Moles = molarity * volume
Moles H2SO4 = 0.410 M * 0.950 L
Moles H2SO4 = 0.3895 moles
Moles KOH = 0.240 M * 0.900L
Moles KOH = 0.216 moles
Step 4: Calculate the limiting reactant
For 1 mol H2SO4 we need 2 moles KOH to produce 1 mol K2SO4 and 2 moles H2O
The limiting reactant is KOH. It will completely be consumed (0.216 moles).
H2SO4 is in excess. There will react 0.216/2 = 0.108 moles. There will remain 0.3895 moles - 0.108 moles = 0.2815 moles
Step 5: Calculate the concentration of H2SO4 remaining
[H2SO4] = moles / volume
[H2SO4] = 0.2815 moles / 1.85 L
[H2SO4]= 0.152 M
The remaining concentration of H2SO4 is 0.152 M
Which activity is a function of the circulatory system?
A. move materials through the body
B. react to stimuli in the environment
C. regulate heartbeat and blood pressure
Answer:
A. move materials through the body
Explanation:
The blood circulatory system (cardiovascular system) transports materials and delivers nutrients and oxygen to all cells in the body.
If the age of the middle layer of a rock sample is between 600 million years and 1 billion years, which of the following could be the age of the topmost layer?
200 million year to 550 million years old
(15 points). The oxidation of glucose provides the principal energy source for animal cells. The reactants are glucose [C6H12O6(s)] and oxygen [O2(g)]. The products are carbon dioxide [CO2(g)] and water [H2O(l)]. a. (5 points). Write a balanced chemical reaction for glucose oxidation, and determine the standard heat of reaction at 298 K. Use the data tables in Smith and Van Ness Appendix C. b. (5 points). During a day, an average person consumes about 150 kJ energy per kg of body mass. Assuming glucose is the sole energy source, estimate the mass (grams) of glucose required daily to sustain a person of 57 kg. Ignore the effect of the effect of temperature on the heat of reaction. c. (5 points). For the U.S. population of 325 million persons, what mass of CO2 (a greenhouse gas) is produced daily by respiration? Ignore the effect of temperature on the heat of reaction.
Answer:
Check the explanation
Explanation:
The balanced reaction
C6H12O6(s) + 6O2(g) = 6CO2(g) + 6H2O(l)
Standard heat of reaction
Hrxn = 6*Hf(CO2) + 6*Hf(H2O) - 6*Hf(O2) - Hf(C6H12O6)
= 6*(-393.5) + 6*(-285.8) - 6*(0) - (-1274.4)
= - 2801.4 kJ/mol
Part b
Energy consumed by a person = 150 kJ/kg x 57 kg = 8550 kJ
Moles of glucose required = 8550 kJ / (2801.4 kJ/mol)
= 3.052 mol
Mass of glucose required = moles x molecular weight
= 3.052 mol x 180.156 g/mol
= 549.84 g
Part c
1 person requires = 3.052 mol
275 million person require = 275*10^6*3.052 = 8.39 x 10^8 mol
From the stoichiometry of the reaction
1 mol glucose produces = 6 mol CO2
8.39 x 10^8 mol glucose produces = 6*8.39*10^8
= 5.036 x 10^9 mol CO2
Mass of CO2 produced = moles x molecular weight
= 5.036 x 10^9 mol x 44 g/mol
= 2.22 x 10^11 g x 1kg/1000g
= 2.22 x 10^8 kg x 1million/10^6
= 222 million kg
The balanced chemical equation for glucose oxidation is C6H12O6 (s) + 6 O2(g) → 6 CO2(g) + 6 H2O(l) + energy, with an energy release of 670 kcal/mol. A 57 kg person requires approximately 549 grams of glucose per day as an energy source. The U.S. population would emit around 261,625 tonnes of CO2 daily through respiration, ignoring temperature effects.
The balanced chemical reaction for the oxidation of glucose is:
C6H12O6 (s) + 6 O2(g) → 6 CO2(g) + 6 H2O(l) + energy
The standard heat of reaction at 298 K for the oxidation of glucose is 670 kcal/mol or equivalently, 2804 kJ/mol (converting kcal to kJ by multiplying with 4.184, the conversion factor from kcal to kJ). Assuming glucose is the sole energy source, an average person who consumes about 150 kJ/kg of body mass daily would require the following mass of glucose:
Total energy required for a 57 kg person: 57 kg × 150 kJ/kg = 8550 kJ/day
Moles of glucose required: 8550 kJ/day × 1 mol/2804 kJ = 3.05 mol/day
Mass of glucose required: 3.05 mol/day × 180 g/mol (molar mass of glucose) ≈ 549 g/day
This calculation indicates that approximately 549 grams of glucose would be required daily to sustain a person weighing 57 kg.
The CO2 production can be estimated for the U.S. population by considering the reaction stoichiometry. Each mole of glucose produces six moles of CO2. For the daily glucose requirement of 57 kg body mass:
Total moles of CO2 produced per person: 3.05 mol of glucose × 6 mol of CO2/mol of glucose = 18.3 mol CO2
Mass of CO2 produced per person: 18.3 mol × 44 g/mol (molar mass of CO2) = 805.2 g or about 0.805 kg
Mass of CO2 produced daily by the U.S. population: 0.805 kg/person × 325 million persons ≈ 261,625,000 kg/day or 261,625 tonnes/day
How many moles of gold atoms do 4.05×1024 gold atoms constitute?
Answer: There are 6.725 mols
Explanation:
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Ice melts into water. The correct equation to calculate the heat of this reaction is
Answer:
The correct equation to calculate the heat of this reaction is:
ΔH = m*s*∆T
Explanation:
During any chemical reaction, heat can either be absorbed from the environment or released to the environment through the reaction. The heat exchange between a chemical reaction and its environment is known as the reaction enthalpy, or H. However, H cannot be measured directly; the change in temperature of a reaction over time is used to find the enthalpy change over time (denoted as ΔH).
In general ΔH = m*s*∆T, where m is the mass of the reactants, s is the specific heat of the product, and ΔT is the change in the reaction temperature.
Which of the following elements is a transition metal?
Answer:
Scandium
Titanium
Vanadium
Chromium
Manganese
Iron
Cobalt
Nickel
Copper
Zinc
Yttrium
Zirconium
Niobium
Molybdenum
Technetium
Ruthenium
Rhodium
Palladium
Silver
Cadmium
Lanthanum
Hafnium
Tantalum
Tungsten
Rhenium
Osmium
Iridium
Platinum
Gold
Mercury
Actinium
Rutherfordium
Dubnium
Seaborgium
Bohrium
Hassium
Meitnerium
Darmstadtium
Roentgenium
Copernicium
Explanation:
all of those are transition metals lol
Transition metals, located in groups 3-11 of the periodic table, are elements with partially filled d orbitals and variable reactivity. Metals like scandium and iron are very active, while platinum is relatively inert. There are also inner transition metals, which occupy an f orbital and include the lanthanide and actinide series.
Explanation:Transition metals are elements with partially filled d orbitals, located in the d-block of the periodic table. They are characterized by their various reactivity, with metals such as scandium and iron being very active, and metals like platinum being relatively inert. Transition metals are located in groups 3-11 of the periodic table, and include elements like copper, gold, and oxidized iron, among others.
There are also inner transition metals, which are metallic elements where the last electron added occupies an f orbital. They have two series: the lanthanide series, from lanthanum (La) to lutetium (Lu), and the actinide series, from actinium (Ac) to lawrencium (Lr).
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(06.02 LC)
Which of the following does the endocrine system regulate?
Group of answer choices
Blood sugar
Reflexes
Respiration
Senses
Answer:
just took the test and it was blood sugar
Complete the reaction, which is part of the electron transport chain. The abbreviation FMN represents flavin mononucleotide. Use the appropriate abbreviation for the product. NADH + H + + FMN ⟶ NAD +FMNH_{2} NAD + FMNH 2 The reactant that is reduced is FMN . In complex III, electrons are transferred from coenzyme Q to cytochrome c, which contains iron. QH 2 + 2 cyt c ( Fe 3 + ) ⟶ Q + 2 cyt c ( Fe x ) + 2 H + Determine the oxidation number for iron on the right side of the reaction arrow.
Answer:
Oxidation number of Fe(iron) on right side of reaction arrow = (+2)
Explanation:
NADH+H+ + FMN FMNH2 + NAD+
FMNH2 - Reduced FMN (1,5-Dihydroriboflavin 5'-(dihydrogen phosphate)
The reactant that is reduced is Flavin mononucleotide(FMN)
QH2 + 2cyt c(fe³+) -----------------------> Q + 2Cytc ( fe²+) + 2H+
Oxidation number of Fe(iron) on right side of reaction arrow = (+2)
The equation of the transfer of two electrons from NADH to FMN is given below:
NADH + H⁺ + FMN ⟶ NAD⁺ + FMNH₂
The oxidation number of iron on the right side of the reaction arrow is +2 (Fe²⁺)
In the electron transport chain, electrons are passed from electron carriers such as NADH through various carriers and eventually to oxygen. Water and energy in the form of ATP is produced.
The electron carriers are organized into complexes; Complex I, II, III, and IV
In complex I, also known as NADH Dehydrogenase, electrons are passed from NADH to ubiquinone through an FMN-containing flavoprotein and several iron-sulfur centers.
The equation below shows how two electrons are passed from NADH to FMN:
NADH + H⁺ + FMN ⟶ NAD⁺ + FMNH₂
In complex III, electrons are transferred from coenzyme Q to cytochrome c, a single electron-carrier which contains iron. The equation for the electron transfer is given below:
QH₂ + 2 cyt c ( Fe³⁺) ⟶ Q + 2 cyt c ( Fe²⁺ ) + 2H⁺
In the reaction above, the two electron-carrier ubiquinone transfers its two electrons to two molecules of the one electron-carrier cytochrome c containing iron in the oxidized iron (iii) state, Fe³⁺. The electrons accepted reduces the Fe³⁺ in cytochrome c to Fe²⁺.
Therefore, the oxidation number of iron on the right side of the reaction arrow (reduced cytochrome c) is +2.
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A chemical reaction that has the general formula of AB +CCB + A is best classified as a
reaction.
Answer:
A single replacement reaction.
Explanation:
AB + C ---> CB + A
A single replacement reaction.
Answer:
It will be classified as REPLACEMENT reaction
Explanation:
Hope it helps
Manganese-58 has a half-life of about 3 seconds. If you have a 90.0 gram sample, how
long would you expect it to take to decay to approximately 1.40 grams?
Answer:
18.018 seconds.
Explanation:
Given that the half life of Manganese, Mn = 3 seconds. The initial sample mass = 90.0 gram, the final sample mass = 1.40 gram.
The general idea to the question is to look for the time it will take to decay from the initial mass that is 90 gram to 1.40 gram.
Therefore, we will be making use of the formula below;
J(t) = J(o) × (1/2)^t/t(hL).
Where t(hL) is the half life, t is the time taken, J(t)= mass after time,t and J(o) is the initial mass. So, let us slot in the values into the equation above.
1.4 = 90 × (1/2)^ t/3.
1.4/90 = (1/2)^t/3.
t/3 = log(0.5) (1.4/90).
+Please note that the 0.5 of the log is at the subscript).
That is the base 0.5 logarithm of (1.4/90) 0.01556 is 6.0060141295.
t = 3 × 6.0060141295.
t = 18.018 seconds.
To find the time it takes for a 90 gram sample of Manganese-58 to decay to 1.4 grams, you need to calculate the number of half-lives by continuously halving 90 until you reach 1.4. Afterwards, multiplying the number of half-lives by the half-life duration (3 seconds) gives the total decay time.
Explanation:This question refers to radioactive decay and the concept of a half-life. The half-life of a substance is the time it takes for half the substance to decay. In the case of Manganese-58, its half-life is approximately 3 seconds.
Looking to find the time it takes for a 90 gram sample to decay to approximately 1.4 grams, this would involve multiple half-lives. You would need to calculate how many half-lives it takes for 90.0 g to become 1.40g. With each half-life, the amount of the original substance decreases by 50%. The answer you will get by dividing 90 by 2 repeatedly until you reach 1.4 shows you the number of half-lives that have passed. Multiply the number of half-lives by the duration of a single half-life (in this case, 3 seconds) to get the total decay time.
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As a medication, Chang's doctor prescribed him a drug with serious restrictions. However, Chang started overdosing on it. This act had severe
Implications on his physical and mental state. To which category could this drug belong?
Answer: Schedule (2) two drug
Explanation: Although it’s virtually difficult or impossible to design a set of defining drug classification standards because even experts have struggled on which drugs should be and not be on a particular schedule but drugs are generally categorised based on their abuse rate (misuse and physical dependency) and their medical use. Drugs with no medical use and higher abuse rate which has physical and mental implications are placed under schedule one, drugs with medical use but also higher abuse rate with physical and mental implications are placed under schedule two, drugs with lower or moderate abuse rate are placed under schedule three, drugs with low potential for dependency are place under schedule four and drugs which are mostly use for antidiarrheal, analgesic and antitussive are placed under schedule five.
Chang's drug has medical use because it was prescribed by his doctor, it also has a high abuse rate because he started overdosing on them which led to a severe physical and mental implications.
Therefore Cheng's drugs will mostly likely be categorised as a schedule (2) two drug.
A metabolic pathway that ___ (oxidizes or reduces) an energy-rich source to produce ATP from ADP. Electrons are transferred from electron ___ (donors or acceptors) to compounds with a ___ (stronger or weaker) reduction potential. As electrons move through the electron transport chain, ETC, the energy in the electron is used to pump ___ across a membrane. The pumping of these molecules against their concentration gradient is a form of ___ transport. The movement of these molecules back into the cell (down their concentration gradient) releases energy which the cell couples to the formation of ___.
Photosynthesis
Energy in ___ is absorbed by an electron in a photocenter. This energy is converted from light energy into chemical energy into kenetic energy as the energized electron is used in back to back REDOX reaction in the electron transport chain, ETC. The ETC creates ___ which is used by the cell to power the formation of ATP. In ___ (cyclic or noncylcic) the electron returns to the photocenter. In ___ (cyclic or non-cyclic) photosynthesis the electron reduces NADP+ to form ___.
Answer:
see explaination
Explanation:
1. A metabolic pathway that OXIDIZES an energy-rich source to produce ATP from ADP.
Oxidation reactions are exergonic and can be coupled to produce ATP from ADP + Pi
2. Electrons are transferred from electron DONORS to compounds with a STRONGER reduction potential.
Electrons are moved from compounds with low reduction potential to compounds with high reduction potential.
3. As electrons move through the electron transport chain, ETC, the energy in the electron is used to pump PROTONS across a membrane.
In respiration, protons are pumped from the mitochondrial matrix to the perimitochondrial space.
4. The pumping of these molecules against their concentration gradient is a form of FACILITATED transport.
Since protons are charged particles, they require a carrier protein for their transport. The movement of these molecules back into the cell (down their concentration gradient) releases energy which the cell couples to the formation of ATP.
6. The energy in PHOTON/LIGHT is absorbed by an electron in a photocenter. This energy is converted from light energy into chemical energy into kinetic energy as the energized electron is used in back to back REDOX reaction in the electron transport chain, ETC.
7. The ETC creates A PROTON GRADIENT which is used by the cell to power the formation of ATP.
8. In CYCLIC ELECTRON TRANSPORT, the electron returns to the photocenter.
9. In NON-CYCLIC photosynthesis the electron reduces NADP+ to form NADPH.
Answer:
Check the explanation
Explanation:
1. A metabolic pathway that OXIDIZES an energy-rich source to produce ATP from ADP.
Oxidation reactions are exergonic and can be coupled to produce ATP from ADP + Pi
2. Electrons are transferred from electron DONORS to compounds with a STRONGER reduction potential.
Electrons are moved from compounds with low reduction potential to compounds with high reduction potential.
3. As electrons move through the electron transport chain, ETC, the energy in the electron is used to pump PROTONS across a membrane.
In respiration, protons are pumped from the mitochondrial matrix to the perimitochondrial space.
4. The pumping of these molecules against their concentration gradient is a form of ACTIVE transport.
6. The energy in PHOTON/LIGHT is absorbed by an electron in a photocenter. This energy is converted from light energy into chemical energy into kinetic energy as the energized electron is used in back to back REDOX reaction in the electron transport chain, ETC.
7. The ETC creates A PROTON GRADIENT which is used by the cell to power the formation of ATP.
8. In CYCLIC ELECTRON TRANSPORT, the electron returns to the photocenter.
9. In NON-CYCLIC photosynthesis the electron reduces NADP+ to form NADPH.