Consider the following reaction:

2HCl(g) + 185 kJ → H2(g) + Cl2(g)
Describe the change in energy according to the Law of Conservation of Energy.
A) There is a net gain of 185 kJ of energy when decomposing HCl.
B) It takes more energy to break the bonds of HCl than form H2(g) + Cl2(g).
C) The energy required to decompose HCl and produce H2(g) + Cl2(g) are equal.
D) It takes less energy to break the bonds of HCl than form the bonds of H2(g) + Cl2(g.)

The variance in snow coverage on roofs can be attributed to differences in insulation quality and roof material albedo, with well-insulated and darker roofs more likely to have less snow. Highly efficient insulation in some Northern European homes ensures warmth even when unoccupied.

The observation that some roofs still have snow on them while others do not, despite receiving the same amount of sunlight, can be explained by differences in thermal energy and insulation. Roofs with better insulation retain heat within the home more efficiently, preventing the snow from melting as quickly. On the other hand, roofs with poor insulation allow more heat to escape, which contributes to the snow melting faster. Additionally, the albedo of the roof material could impact snow retention, with darker materials absorbing more heat and potentially melting snow quicker than lighter materials that reflect more sunlight.

In the case of Northern European homes that remain warm without heating systems, the explanation lies in highly efficient insulation that minimizes heat loss. This robust insulation keeps the internal temperature stable, even in the absence of residents to produce body heat. Thus, when the homes are unoccupied, they can still maintain warmth due to the lack of heat exchange with the colder outside environment.

Answer:

[tex]_{92}^{226}U[/tex]

Explanation:

Let's firstly identify the atomic number (the number of protons) of Pu. This is done by referring to the periodic table and finding Pu. The atomic number of Pu is:

[tex]Z=94[/tex]

In order to identify the type of a nuclear decay, we need to find the N/Z ratio. This is the ratio between the number of neutrons and the atomic number of an isotope. The number of neutrons is found by subtracting the number of protons from the mass number:

[tex]N=M-Z[/tex]

That said, the N/Z ratio equation becomes:

[tex]N/Z=\frac{M-Z}{Z}=\frac{M}{Z}-1=\frac{230}{94}-1=1.45[/tex]

This is a relatively high number thinking about the belt of stability of isotopes. Ideally, stable isotopes with a low Z value have an N/Z ratio of 1. Heavier isotopes with Z > 50 would have a slightly higher N/Z ratio and would be stable around N/Z = 1.25. This means we wish to decrease the N/Z ratio as much as possible.

Among all the decays, alpha-decay is preferred to decrease the N/Z ratio significantly (1.45 is much higher than 1.25). That said, we'll release an alpha particle with some nucleotide X of mass M and atomic number Z:

[tex]_{94}^{230}Pu\rightarrow _Z^MX+_2^4\alpha[/tex]

According to the mass and charge conservation law:

[tex]230=M+4\therefore M=230 - 4 = 226[/tex]

[tex]94=Z+2\therefore Z = 94-2 = 92[/tex]

Identify an element with Z = 92 in the periodic table. This is uranium, U:

[tex]_{92}^{226}U[/tex]

Answer:

The molarity (M) of the following solutions are :

A. M = 0.88 M

B. M = 0.76 M

Explanation:

A. Molarity (M) of 19.2 g of Al(OH)3 dissolved in water to make 280 mL of solution.

Molar mass of Al(OH)3 = Mass of Al + 3(mass of O + mass of H)

                                      = 27 + 3(16 + 1)

                                      = 27 + 3(17) = 27 + 51

                                      = 78 g/mole

[tex]Al(OH)_3[/tex] = 78 g/mole

Given mass= 19.2 g/mole

[tex]Mole = \frac{Given\ mass}{Molar\ mass}[/tex]

[tex]Mole = \frac{19.2}{78}[/tex]

Moles = 0.246

[tex]Molarity = \frac{Moles\ of\ solute}{Volume\ of\ solution(L)}[/tex]

Volume = 280 mL = 0.280 L

[tex]Molarity = \frac{0.246}{0.280)}[/tex]

Molarity  = 0.879 M

Molarity  = 0.88 M

B .The molarity (M) of a 2.6 L solution made with 235.9 g of KBr​

Molar mass of KBr = 119 g/mole

Given mass = 235.9 g

[tex]Mole = \frac{235.9}{119}[/tex]

Moles = 1.98

Volume = 2.6 L

[tex]Molarity = \frac{Moles\ of\ solute}{Volume\ of\ solution(L)}[/tex]

[tex]Molarity = \frac{1.98}{2.6)}[/tex]

Molarity = 0.762 M

Molarity = 0.76 M

Answer:

2Na + MgF2 → 2NaF + Mg

Explanation:

Answer:

2 C6H14 + 19 O2 = 12 CO2 + 14 H2O

Explanation:

Final answer:

The combustion of hexane (C6H14) is balanced by setting appropriate coefficients for CO2 and H2O to match the number of C and H atoms and then adjusting the O2 to balance the oxygen atoms, resulting in a balanced equation with equal numbers of each atom on both reactant and product sides.

Explanation:

To balance the chemical equation for the combustion of hexane (C6H14), we must ensure that the number of atoms for each element is the same on both the reactant and product sides. Given the unbalanced equation C6H14(g) + O2(g) → H2O(g) + CO2(g), we balance it step by step.

First, balance the carbon (C) atoms by setting the coefficient for CO2 equal to the number of C atoms in C6H14:

C6H14(g) + O2(g) → H2O(g) + 6CO2(g)

Next, balance the hydrogen (H) atoms by setting the coefficient for H2O equal to half the number of H atoms in C6H14:

C6H14(g) + O2(g) → 7H2O(g) + 6CO2(g)

Finally, count the number of oxygen (O) atoms in the products (6*2 for CO2 and 7 for H2O equals 19 O atoms) and balance it with the oxygen molecules (O2) in the reactants:

2C6H14(g) + 19O2(g) → 14H2O(g) + 12CO2(g)

This yields a balanced equation with 12 carbon atoms, 28 hydrogen atoms, and 38 oxygen atoms on each side.

Check your work to confirm that all atoms balance and that there are no fractional coefficients. The equation is now balanced.

Answer:

298 kPa

Explanation:

Data Given:

initial Volume of oxygen V1= 48.0 L

Final Volume of oxygen V2= 16.0 L

initial pressure of oxygen P1= 99.3 kPa

initial Pressure of oxygen P2= ?

Solution:

The Boyle's law formula will be applicable here at constant temperature

Boyle's law formula

                  P1V1 = P2V2

As we have to find final pressure so rearrange the equation

                 P2 = P1V1 /V2 ....................(1)

Put values in Equation 1

                  P2 = 99.3 kPa x 48 L /16 L

                  P2 = 298 kPa

So the final pressure will be 298 kPa

Answer:

Describe the sampling method for determining population size. The sampling method involves counting the total number of organisms in a certain area and then using that number to determine the total number of organisms in a larger area.

Explanation:

Final answer:

The Tragedy of the Commons, described by Garrett Hardin, highlights how individual actions based on self-interest can lead to the depletion of shared resources, exemplified by environmental issues like overfishing, deforestation, and air pollution. It underscores the conflict between individual interests and the common good.

Explanation:

The concept of the Tragedy of the Commons was introduced by Garrett Hardin in 1968 to describe a dilemma in which multiple individuals acting independently and rationally according to their own self-interest can ultimately deplete a shared limited resource, even when it is clear that it is not in anyone's long-term interest for this to happen. This concept applies to environmental issues such as overfishing, deforestation, and air pollution. Hardin's essay illustrates the conflict between individual interests and the common good, and the need for responsible resource management.

Examples today include the overuse of fisheries, forest areas, and the Earth's atmosphere as a dumping ground for greenhouse gases. The Tragedy of the Commons extends to various aspects of the environment, where the absence of restrictions leads to the over-exploitation of resources and environmental degradation. The predicament lies in the freedom of individuals to use common resources without considering the long-term effects and sustainability, potentially leading to the ruin of the resources for everyone.

The simple interest is equal to $3740 on a principal of $ 22,000, deposited for 4 years at a rate of 4.25 %.

Simple interest can be based on the principal of a loan. Simple interest does not compound, a creditor only pays interest on the principal amount and a borrower never has to pay more interest on the previous interest.

Simple Interest (S.I.) can be described as the method of determining the interest amount for a principal of money at the rate of interest.

To determine simple interest, multiply the principal by the interest rate and the time.

Simple Interest = Principal ×Rate × Time

Given, the principal amount, P =$ 22000

The rate, R = 4.25%

Time, T = 4 years

The simple interest can be calculated as:

[tex]\displaystyle S.I. =\frac{P\times R\times T}{100}[/tex]

[tex]\displaystyle S.I. =\frac{22000\times 4.25\times 4}{100}[/tex]

Simple interest = $ 3740

Therefore, the simple interest is equal to $ 3740.

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The oxidation number of sulfur in BaSO₄ is +6.

The oxidation number of sulfur in BaSO₄ can be calculated using the guidelines for assigning oxidation numbers.

Guideline 3 suggests that the oxidation number for oxygen is -2.

By using this oxidation number and the ion's formula, guideline 4 can be used to calculate the oxidation number for sulfur:

Let x be the oxidation number for sulfur.

Since there are 4 oxygen atoms in the compound, the sum of the oxidation numbers for the oxygen atoms is -8.

This means that x + (-8) = 0, which implies that x = +6.

Therefore, the oxidation number of sulfur in BaSO₄ is +6.

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The oxidation number of sulfur in BaSO₄ is +6.

The oxidation number of sulfur in BaSO₄ can be determined using the rules for assigning oxidation numbers and ensuring the sum of the oxidation numbers equals the charge on the molecule.

Here’s a step-by-step explanation:

          4 x (-2) = -8.

         (+2) + x + (-8) = 0.

Therefore, the oxidation number of sulfur in BaSO₄ is +6.

Answer:

the Melting point is 621.5 F or it can be 327.5 C

hope it right

Answer:

A.Octet Rule

Explanation:

Because its orbital surface containes eight electrons

Answer:

Octet Rule

Explanation:

The octet rule talks about the tendency of atom to attain 8 electron in it outer shell. When an atom have fewer outer electrons than 8 they tend to easily react to form stable compounds. The atom that has it outer shell fully filled up are usually very stable and hardly go into a reaction. The octet rule is mostly involved with the s and p orbitals.

Noble gases like Neon and Argon have fully filled outer shell. The valency electron is 8. This fully filled valency shell is responsible for the stable nature of these noble gases. These noble gases find it hard to react with other elements. Example includes Neon and Argon which have atomic numbers of 10 and 18 respectively. The electronic configuration can be represented as follows:

Neon →  2 8

Argon → 2 8 8

Answer:

A simple displacement reaction occurs when an iron nail is immersed to a beaker containing copper sulphate solution.

a)

Iron is more reactive than copper. As a result a displacement reaction will take place. The ferrous or Fe (II) irons will move to the solution. The copper ions (Cu II) will get deposited on the nail. This will cause the colour to change from blue to green.

b)

The equation can be written as:

Fe (s) + CuSO4 (aq) -> FeSO4 (aq) + Cu (s)

c)

A chemical change can be described as a change that causes a substance to change to another form. Hence, this reaction is a chemical change.

Answer:

C 4 convalents bonds

Explanation:

I don't no the explanation

The one molecule of carbon dioxide, CO₂ contain 2 covalent bond. Therefore, option B is correct.

An electron exchange that results in the formation of electron pairs between atoms is known as a covalent bond. Bonding pairs or sharing pairs are the names given to these electron pairs. The equilibrium between the forces that attract and repel atoms.

An atom can establish bonds with other atoms in two main ways: covalent and ionic. The sharing of electrons between two or more atoms forms a covalent connection.

Each oxygen atom in carbon dioxide forms two covalent bonds with the carbon atom, known as a double bond and represented here as two lines. However, in symmetrical molecules, the attraction of the atoms on the electrons is equal, and the charge distribution is uniform. Nonpolar molecules are those with symmetry.

Thus, option B is correct.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Barium sulfate (or sulphate) is the inorganic compound with the chemical formula BaSO4. It is a white crystalline solid that is odorless and insoluble in water. It occurs as the mineral barite, which is the main commercial source of barium and materials prepared from it.

Answer:

The barium

Explanation:

Barium is an alkaline earth metal that has toxic properties. It is the alkaline used in the composition of barium sulfate which is used as a contrast in stomach and intestine radiographs. This procedure presents no danger, as this sulfide is insoluble, that is, it will not be absorbed by the stomach.

Barium is a toxic chemical element, silvery in appearance, with a high melting point, which can be found in the mineral barite, not being found free in nature, due to its high reactivity.

Answer:

Pentacarbon heptasilicide.

Explanation:

In order to name the following compound, we need to identify whether it is molecular or ionic.

Molecular compounds consist of non-metal atoms, while ionic compounds would have metal cations in their composition.

In the given compound, [tex]C_5Si_7[/tex], we have two non-metals, carbon and silicon, meaning we should follow the molecular compound naming rules. The rules involve using prefixes to state the number of individual atoms.

The two prefixes required here are 'penta' for 'five' to indicate 5 carbon atoms present and 'hepta' for 'seven' to indicate 7 silicon atoms present.

The first part of the name would be pentacarbon (notice that the standard name for the first element is used). The second part would be heptasilicide (notice that the second atom would have an ending of -ide followed by the standard beginning of silicon).

Answer:

Enthaply

Explanation:

The Energy involved in a chemical reaction is the difference in the amounts of stored chemical energy between the products and the reactants. This stored chemical energy, or heat content, of the system is known as its enthalpy.

Answer:

The types of energy in chemical reactions are as follows: internal energy, enthalpy

Explanation:

The internal energy is the sum of all the energies, it is due to the positions and movements of the subatomic particles, atoms and molecules that constitute it, as well as to the unions between the atoms. In chemical reactions there is a variation in the internal energy of substances, classified as exothermic if they release energy in the form of heat, endothermic if they absorb energy in the form of heat.

On the other hand, the enthalpy of reaction is the heat absorbed or released in a chemical reaction at a constant pressure. It is defined as the subtraction between the sum of the enthalpies of the products and the sum of the enthalpies of the reagents.

Answer:

3.481 x 10²⁴ atoms

Explanation:

Data Given:

Number of moles of NH₄NO₃ = 5.78 mol

Number of atoms of NH₄NO₃ = ?

Solution:

Formula used

                  no. of moles = no. of atoms / Avogadro's number

As we have to find no. of atoms

So, we have to rearrange the above equation

                  no. of atoms = no. of moles x Avogadro's number . . . . . (1)

Where

Avogadro's number = 6.022 x 10²³ atoms

Put values in above Equation 1

                      no. of atoms = 5.78 mol x 6.022 x 10²³ atoms/mol

                      no. of atoms = 3.481 x 10²⁴ mol

So,

no. of atoms in 5.78 mole NH₄NO₃ = 3.481 x 10²⁴ atoms

Answer:

The answer is 3.48 × 10²⁴

Explanation:

Avogadro's constant/number is used to get the actual number of particles (atoms or ions) in a molecule of a substance.

Avogadro's number is 6.022 × 10²³

To get the actual number of atoms in a substance: avogadro's constant is multiplied by the number of moles of the substance

Hence,

number of atoms = 5.78 × 6.022 × 10²³

number of atoms in 5.78 moles of NH₄NO₃ = 3.48 × 10²⁴

Answer:

2. Ne  

Explanation:

Neon is an element. You cannot break down an element by chemical means.

1, 3, and 4 are wrong. They are all compounds, and compounds can be broken down by chemical means.

Neon will not break down due to a chemical change, therefore option (a) is correct .

A chemical change is the change of one material into another, resulting in new materials with different properties .

Properties of chemical change -:

Some examples of chemical change are-

Neon will not break down due to a chemical change, hence option (a) is correct .

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Answer:

The spectator ions in this equation are :

CrO²⁻₄ and Ba²⁺

Explanation:

Spectator ions : These are the ions which are present in the solution but do not take part in chemical reaction.They are present as such in  both reactant as well as product .

In this reaction,

1.H+ and OH- are combined and converted into water (H2O) : Changed to H2O

So , H+ and OH- are not Spectator ions

2.CrO²⁻₄ and Ba²⁺ are unchanged . Present as such in product and reactants

CrO²⁻₄ and Ba²⁺are Spectator ions

The spectator ions in this equation are CrO²⁻₄ and Ba²⁺. Therefore, option D is correct.

The term an ionic equations are defined as the chemical equations that show only ions that participate in a chemical reaction. In other words, the ions that react together in solution and form new substances. The other ions that don't participate are called spectator ions.

Spectator ions are defined as the ions which are present in the solution but do not take part in chemical reaction.They are present as such in  both reactant and product .

In the given reaction,

1.H+ and OH- are mixed and converted into water (H2O)

So , H+ and OH- are not Spectator ions

2.CrO²⁻₄ and Ba²⁺ are unchanged . Present as such in product and reactants.

Therefore, CrO²⁻₄ and Ba²⁺ are Spectator ions

Thus, option D is correct.

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Answer:3 check and replenish emergency supplies

Explanation: This one is the only one that is not counter intuitive.

Answer:

Heat absorbed by water is 12540 J

Explanation:

Given data:

Mass of water = 100 g

Temperature changes = 20.0°C to 50.0°C

Heat absorbed by water = ?

Solution:

Specific heat of water is 4.18 j/g.°C

Formula:

Q = m.c. ΔT

Q = amount of heat absorbed or released

m = mass of given substance

c = specific heat capacity of substance

ΔT = change in temperature

ΔT = 50.0°C - 20.0°C

ΔT = 30.0°C

Q = m.c. ΔT

Q = 100 g. 4.18 j/g.°C. 30.0°C

Q = 12540 J

Heat absorbed by water is 12540 J.

Using the formula for heat absorption (q=mcΔT), we can calculate that the water absorbed 12,552 joules of heat when it was heated from 20.0°C to 50.0°C.

In order to determine the amount of heat absorbed by the water when being heated from 20.0°C to 50.0°C, we can use the formula q = mcΔT.

Here, 'q' is the heat absorbed, 'm' is the mass, 'c' is the specific heat capacity of water, and 'ΔT' is the change in temperature. Given the mass (m) of the water is 100.0 grams, the specific heat capacity (c) of water is 4.184 J/g°C, and the change in temperature (ΔT) is 50.0°C - 20.0°C = 30.0°C.

Substituting these values into the equation gives q = (100.0g)(4.184 J/g°C)(30.0°C) = 12,552 joules. Therefore, the water absorbed 12,552 joules of heat when it was heated from 20.0°C to 50.0°C.

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Answer:

H2

Explanation:

The gas which is considered to be ideal is helium as it has a single atom. Among the options for this question, H2 is the gas which has properties similar to ideal gas.

The characteristics of an ideal gas are:

Molecules of H2 exhibit both these properties hence H2 is the correct option.

Answer:

56.0g (3 s.f.)

Explanation:

Please see attached picture for full solution.

Answer: I think it’s C

Explanation:

Using extension or flexible cords improperly

Explanation:

A client undergoing therapy in a whirlpool unit plugged into an extension cord demonstrates a wrong and improper use of extensions and flexible cords. This is not a safe way to connect an electrical circuit.

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Using an extension cord with a whirlpool unit for therapy is an example of poor safety practices due to potential voltage drop and compromised earthing, which could result in the appliance not operating properly and raise electrical safety concerns.

A client undergoing therapy in a whirlpool unit that has been connected to an extension cord may be an example of poor safety practices in a health care setting. The use of an extension cord for a high-powered appliance such as a whirlpool may result in a reduced power output, leading to the appliance not operating correctly. This is because the voltage drop across the extension cord can be large, which decreases the voltage at the appliance, therefore reducing its effectiveness. Moreover, earthing or grounding may be compromised, which is essential for the safety of electrical appliances to prevent electric shocks.

The situation of a client being in a whirlpool unit connected to an extension cord can raise concerns about adherence to safety protocols. It is important for health care providers to ensure that all electrical safety requirements are met, including proper installation and usage of all therapeutic equipment. Electrical appliances should be properly earthed, and any form of makeshift extension cord usage should be carefully evaluated and generally avoided.

Answer:

option a) 3 g

Explanation:

mass of Glucose = 5 g

Mass of H₂O = ?

Reaction Given:

                   6CO₂ + 6H₂O ----> C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂

Solution:

First we have to find mass of glucose from balanced reaction.

So,

Look at the reaction

                        6CO₂ + 6H₂O -------> C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂

                                     6 mol               1 mol

As 6 mole of water (H₂O) give 1 mole of Glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆ )

Convert moles to mass

molar mass of C₆H₁₂O₆  = 6(12) + 12(1) + 6(16)

molar mass of C₆H₁₂O₆  = 72 + 12 + 96

molar mass of C₆H₁₂O₆= 180 g/mol

molar mass of H₂O = 2(1) + 16 = 18 g/mol

Now

             6CO₂      +  6H₂O          --------->     C₆H₁₂O₆   +    6O₂

                              6 mol (18 g/mol)           1 mol (180 g/mol)

                                  108 g                            180 g

108 g of water (H₂O) produce 180 g of glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆)

So

if 108 g of water (H₂O) produce 180 g of glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) so how many grams of water (H₂O) will be required to produce 5 g of glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆).

Apply Unity Formula

               108 g of water (H₂O) ≅ 180 g of glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆)

                X g of water (H₂O) ≅ 5 g of glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆)

Do cross multiply

                     mass of water (H₂O) = 108 g x 5 g / 180 g

                     mass of water (H₂O) = 3 g

So 3 g of water is required to produce 5 g of glucose.  

Answer:

Good conductor

Explanation:

Metals form metallic bonds. They are also sometimes called 'a sea of electrons'. Basically, metal cations are surrounded by a sea of closely packed valence electrons. This close packing lets the particles of a metal interact much more efficiently and transfer heat or electric current efficiently. The valence electrons and metals ions are also moving to some extent, so besides being packed efficiently, they can also interact and collide to transfer electricity and heat.

This makes metals good heat and electric conductors.

The property of metals that is due to the delocalized electrons is good conductor. The correct option is D.

Metals possess the property of being good conductors of electricity and heat, which is primarily due to the presence of delocalized electrons. Delocalized electrons are loosely bound and can move freely throughout the metal lattice. When a potential difference is applied, these mobile electrons can easily flow, carrying electric current with minimal resistance.

This property makes metals invaluable in electrical applications, such as wiring and electronic components. Additionally, the delocalized electrons are responsible for metals' high thermal conductivity, allowing them to efficiently transfer heat. However, this delocalization of electrons also leads to metals having a lustrous appearance (not dull), and they are generally malleable and ductile rather than brittle. Therefore, the correct answer is D. good conductor.

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Answer is C. 2-Pentene.

Answer:

C

Explanation:

This has diagonal lines, which indicates that it’s C.

The pH of pure water is neutral because the concentration of hydronium ions equals that of hydroxide ions.

Answer: Option A

Explanation:

Water is one of the most important constituents of living being. It is said that there is no life without water. So that water need to neutral in nature to save life. Pure water is composed of hydronium [tex]H^{+}[/tex] and hydroxide [tex]\left(O H^{-}\right)[/tex] ions. It is known that hydronium ions are acidic in nature with concentration of [tex]1 \times 10^{-7} \mathrm{M} / \mathrm{L}[/tex].

Similarly, the hydroxide ions which are basic in nature will be in same concentration as that of hydronium ions. So, as the concentration of basic and acidic elements are equal with the same strength of pH, the combination of these ions lead to formation of pure water with the pH being neutral.