Excavations or trenches can pose caught in or between hazards, which are considered to be the greatest risk related to these structures. These hazards occur when a person becomes trapped or squeezed between objects or materials, such as when a trench collapses or when heavy machinery or equipment collapses onto a person.
Explanation:Excavations or trenches can pose caught in or between hazards, which are considered to be the greatest risk related to these structures. These hazards occur when a person becomes trapped or squeezed between objects or materials, such as when a trench collapses or when heavy machinery or equipment collapses onto a person.
For example: If a worker is inside a trench and it collapses due to unstable soil, the person can become trapped or crushed between the collapsing walls of the trench. It is important to follow safety guidelines and regulations when working in or around excavations to prevent caught in or between hazards and ensure the safety of workers.
To safely turn right and merge into traffic moving 55 mph, you will need a gap equal to about _____.
Answer:11 seconds
Explanation: It would take approximately 11 seconds to safely turn right and merge into traffic moving at about 55 mph.
To safely turn right and merge into traffic moving 55 mph, you will need a gap equal to about 6 seconds.
When merging into traffic, especially when turning right into a lane where vehicles are moving at 55 mph, it's crucial to find an adequate gap to ensure a safe merge. The recommendation of needing a gap of about 6 seconds is based on the time it takes for you to accelerate from a stopped position to match the speed of traffic.
Here’s a breakdown of why 6 seconds is recommended:
1. Acceleration: Time It takes time for your vehicle to accelerate from a stop to match the speed of traffic. This acceleration time depends on your vehicle’s capabilities, road conditions, and your driving skill.
2. Distance Covered: During the acceleration phase, you will cover a certain distance. At 55 mph, vehicles cover approximately 80 feet per second. Therefore, in 6 seconds, a vehicle traveling at 55 mph would cover about 480 feet.
3. Gap Size: A 6-second gap in traffic allows you to find a sufficient opening where there’s enough space for you to merge without causing other drivers to brake or swerve suddenly.
4. Safety Considerations: Merging safely requires not only finding a gap but also ensuring that the gap remains stable and that other drivers are aware of your intention to merge. This gives you and other drivers around you enough time to react safely.
When one-month-old Mai is sleeping, it often looks like she is smiling. This is an example of a _____ smile.
A. private
B. reflexive
C. natural
D. social
Answer:This is an example of a reflexive smile.
Explanation:
Reflexive smile occurs in infants where they just smile automatically sometimes when they are asleep without an influence of an outside stimuli. It usually prevalent a month after birth. It is different from a social smile which occurs when a child can actual be affected by outside stimuli.
Which of the following major discoveries was not made near or after World War II? the extensive ranges of mountain chains on the sea floor the absence of rocks older than 200 million years on the sea floor deep focus earthquakes that occur in some regions of the earth rift valleys in Africa
Final answer:
The rift valleys in Africa were known well before World War II, whereas the absence of rocks older than 200 million years on the sea floor, extensive ranges of mountain chains on the sea floor, and deep-focus earthquakes are all discoveries related to post-WWII scientific advancements.
Explanation:
The question is asking which of the major discoveries was not made near or after World War II. Among the options provided, the discovery of the absence of rocks older than 200 million years on the sea floor is not the correct answer, as this was indeed a post-WWII discovery linked to the theory of plate tectonics and understanding seafloor spreading. Similarly, the discovery of extensive ranges of mountain chains on the sea floor, as well as deep-focus earthquakes, also relates to post-WWII scientific advancements. However, the rift valleys in Africa, such as the Great Rift Valley, were a well-known geographical feature far before WWII. This major geological feature of Africa was known to explorers and scientists centuries before the 20th century.
Moreover, the creation of the Hawaiian island chain due to volcanic eruptions has been documented and understood progressively over time, with substantial contributions made before WWII. Therefore, it can be asserted that discoveries related to Continental Drift, Mountain Building, and earthquakes have all seen significant development and recognition in the period during or after World War II, whereas the Rift Valleys in Africa and the creation of the Hawaiian island chain were understood earlier.
"As _____ similarity to a person with a diagnosis of schizophrenia increases, so does a person's risk of being diagnosed with schizophrenia."
Answer: The answer is most
Explanation: "As most similarity to a person with a diagnosis of schizophrenia increases, so does a person's risk of being diagnosed with schizophrenia."
Final answer:
The risk of being diagnosed with schizophrenia increases with genetic similarity to someone who has the condition, underscoring a genetic component to the disorder. However, environmental factors also play a crucial role as the majority of schizophrenic individuals do not have close relatives with the disorder.
Explanation:
"As genetic similarity to a person with a diagnosis of schizophrenia increases, so does a person's risk of being diagnosed with schizophrenia." This statement suggests a clear relationship between genetics and the risk factor for developing schizophrenia.
Genetic Predisposition and Schizophrenia
There's a well-established genetic component to schizophrenia. Studies indicate that the closer one's genetic relationship to an individual with schizophrenia, the higher the probability one has of also being diagnosed with the condition. For example, having an identical twin with schizophrenia significantly increases one's risk, although that risk is still under 50%.
However, it's important to acknowledge that a genetic predisposition does not guarantee the development of schizophrenia. More than 60% of people diagnosed with schizophrenia do not have first- or second-degree relatives with the disorder, underscoring the significance of environmental factors in its development. Stressful life events, socioeconomic status, prenatal conditions, and drug exposure can all interact with genetic susceptibility to influence the onset of schizophrenia.
Hunters tend to pass through five stages of development. What is the focus during the method stage?a. bagging the limitb. getting off the shotc. the total hunting experienced. quality of game rather than quantitye. the process of the hunt
Answer:
e. the process of the hunt
Explanation:
Hello! In the method stage, the hunting process and challenges become the primary focus of the hunters. They use a bow or weapon to hunt. The hunters can choose to stalk his prey or hunt in one quiet place without movement, waiting for the animal to show up.
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The method stage in a hunter's development focuses on perfecting the process of the hunt and valuing the experience over the quantity of game.
Explanation:The focus during the method stage of a hunter's development is predominantly on the process of the hunt. At this stage, hunters are less concerned with the quantity of game they take (bagging the limit) and more with the techniques and strategies involved in hunting. They value the experience of perfecting their methods, often aiming for a more ethical and skillful approach. During this phase, hunters may work on perfecting a particular skill or technique, such as tracking or the use of a particular weapon. The method stage reflects a maturing perspective on hunting, where the act and art of hunting itself becomes more important than simply achieving a successful outcome in terms of the quantity of game.
As a practical joke, Nadine tells her younger brother a story about an event that did NOT happen when he was four years old. She said he called "911" to report a fight they were having. Nadine repeated this story several times, until her brother really imagines dialing the phone. This is an example of imagination _____.
Answer:
Imagination Inflation
Explanation:
Answer: Imagination Inflation
Explanation:
Imagination inflation is the term that is defined as in which imagination about any event or situation occurrence that actually never happened to occur can lead to confidence increment . It is related with the concept of false memory.
According to the situation mentioned in question,Nadine is using the concept of imagination inflation to make her brother imagine about a event that never actually happened. She is repeating the story so that her brother can actually indulge in imagining about the event.
Greg and Richard live in a neighborhood where there is a community garden. Each is allowed to take fruit and vegetables for their own family, but they must also remember that if they take too much the garden will fail and nobody will be able to benefit from it. This is analogous to a ________ game.
Answer:
This is analogous to a commons dilemma game
Explanation:
A game of commons dilemma is used to teach morals and ethics for children. They are introduced to a problem that will depend on their moral conduct to find a better answer for it. When applied in a social community, a commons dilemma game can promote the same result, because will inflict the idea of respect, altruism, otherness and ethical conduct in the individual. In general, these games use the idea "to think about the other, not only on yourself."
An easement is defined as an interest in land that gives the easement owner the right to use real estate he or she personally owns for a specified purpose. True or false?
Answer:False
Explanation:An easement is a legal right that is given to someone else who doesn't own the land to use that land for a particular purpose as minimum as possible. This means an individual who is given an easement doesn't own that land or property but has been given a permission to use that land but they don't have the legal tittle to that land because the land or property's legal title is still with the owner of the land. The easement is given to utility companies such as a land used to run cable line and power lines. The owner of a land can also give an easement to their neighbor such as when the neighbor has to pass through your land so they may need to open an access road on your land.
In 2006, pop star Ashlee Simpson underwent rhinoplasty to have the size and shape of her nose reduced. Though she denied having surgery for a while, Simpson ultimately told Us Weekly in 2008, "I used to look at a beautiful girl on the cover of a magazine and think I could never be that. … I like to get dressed up now, and that's something I've never been into before". Simpson appeared to have believed a larger nose improved her ____________ attractiveness.
Answer:
Physical
Explanation:
Answer:
Physical
Explanation:
Ashlee Simpson who initially told Us Weekly in 2008, "I used to look at a beautiful girl on the cover of a magazine and think I could never be that. … But now like to get dressed up which was something she has never been into ..now appeared to have believed a larger nose improved her physical attractiveness.
physical attractiveness is the extent to which a person's physical features are considered desirable.
Ashlee Simpson who was born on October 3, 1984. is an American songwriter, a singer and also an actress
Michael could gamble four quarters in a carnival game, with the potential to win as many as 20 quarters. However, the possibility that he might end up with no quarters at all leads Michael to choose not to play. Michael's decision illustrates ___________.
Answer:
Loss aversion
Explanation:
Most of the time many people are possessive to their things. They do not want to lose it. They feel very anxious if they lose those things. It can be said that if a person has more then the person is more vulnerable to those things. Emotion regulation is the procedure that reduces the loss aversion and helps the people to come to the biased decision illustration. People always afraid to lose things that are under their possession. The version to loss things is the strong emotion of peoples. The aversion to loss displays critical negative outcomes in the form of emotions such as fear, anxiety, etc.
Thus here in the above statement Michael behavior in gambling to win 20 quartets but if lose, lose all quarters. So that he refused to play that illustrates the decision of Michael related to lose aversion.
John believes that he can become a player in Major League Baseball when he grows up. As he practices, John realizes that he can actually accomplish this goal and that it can be more than a dream! Therefore, John has a strong
Answer:
self-efficacy
Explanation:
Self - efficacy -
It is referred to as the belief of any person , which enables the person to be very sure and capable to do a certain task or activity very efficiently and to excel the task , is known as self - efficacy .
The term self - efficacy helps to determine the confidence , motivation and capability of the person.
Hence,
From the given information of the question, John is depicted to have a very strong self-efficacy.
Alerts from the National Terrorism Advisory System apply only to the United States and its possessions. (Introduction to Antiterrorism, Page 12) True or False
Answer:
That statement is True.
Explanation:
The National Terrorism Advisory System Was created by President Josh W Bush in 2002 following the terrorist attack that occurred on 9 September 2001.
During its introduction, the purpose of the alerts was to give emergency warning for the citizens of united states in case there is a terrorist attack in their territory. This system is applicable and operated only by the national defense department in united States. Every other countries have their own system in handling terrorism.
Temperatures in June in LA are distributed nearly normally with mean 77 degrees and standard deviation 5 degrees F. In what proportion of days in June in LA is the temperature over 85 degrees?
Answer:
5.5%
Explanation:
Given
μ = 77 degrees
σ = 5 degrees
X = 85 degrees
First, we need to calculate the z-score
Z = (X-μ) / σ
Z = (85-77) / 5 = 1.60
Then, we need to refer to the normal probability table, locate 1.6 on the row and 0.00 on the column. And a Z-score of 1. 6 then corresponds to the value at the intersection, which is 0.9452.
Remember, the Z-score refer to the area under the curve below observation value, so to find the area above the curve below the observation value, we simply need to find the complement, which is 1 - 0.9452 = 0.0548, roughly the 5.5%.
5.48% of days in June in LA has temperature over 85 degrees.
z score is used to determine by how many standard deviations the raw score is above or below the mean. It is given by:
[tex]z=\frac{x-\mu}{\sigma} \\\\x=raw\ score,\mu=mean,\sigma=standard\ deviation[/tex]
Given that μ = 77, σ = 5
For x = 85:
z = (85 - 77)/5 = 1.6
From the normal distribution table, P(x > 85) = P(z > 1.6) = 1 - P(z < 1.6) = 1 - 0.9452 = 0.0548 = 5.48%
5.48% of days in June in LA has temperature over 85 degrees.
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Okun’s Law estimates that for every 1 percent increase in unemployment above the natural rate, a GDP gap of ______ percent occurs.
a) one
b) two
c) three
d) four
Answer:
correct option is b) two
Explanation:
solution
Arthur Okun was born in 1928 and died in 1980
he was professor and economist
Okun's Law is refer to relation between increases in unemployment and decreases in GDP gross domestic product
it state when every 1 % increase increase unemployment above "natural rate " then GDP gross domestic product decrease 2 %
so here correct option is b) two
we discover that social scientists in the 1960's predicted that religion would disappear along with the rapid development of ___________________. (what she talked about in class)
Answer:
We discover that social scientists in the 1960's predicted that religion would disappear along with the rapid development of science and secular attitudes within society
Explanation:
The 1960s were a period of transition. The generation who grew up after the war did not want to follow the steps of their parents, and the values shared by the previous generations now were on target of a young population that desires to create their point of view about the world and themselves. They begin to praise science as the answer to the problems and fight against the traditional values promoted by religion. This behavior, according to many social scientists, would create a different society more rational.
A man suffers a head injury in a car accident. For several days afterward, he has difficulty remembering phone numbers. This loss of memory results from damage to the man's?
Answer:
cerebrum
Explanation:
From the given scenario of the question, as the man suffers from head injury , the loss of his memory , indicates that there is damage in the man's cerebrum.
As ,
In the human brain , cerebrum is the largest part of brain , which is responsible for memory , like the things which the body is supposed to remember .
Hence, from the given information of the question , cerebrum of the man got damaged.
How by forming a political action committee (pac) the interest group can show a candidate that?
Answer:
By forming a political action committee (PAC) the interest group can show a candidate that its members care very deeply about an issue and are willing to donate money to support the group’s position on the issue.
Explanation:
Political Action Committee is a term for a committee which purpose is to raise and spend money to support a political candidate. Most representatives of PACs are from business, labor or ideological areas. Candidate committee can receive up to $5,000 from a single PAC per election.
First PAC formed in 1944, when the Congress of Industrial Organizations formed the first one to re-elect the president F. D. Roosevelt. Union members contributed voluntarily.
PAC is different from Super PAC, which is also a type of PAC, created in 2010. Super PACs do not contribute to candidates or parties. But, they make independent expenditures in federal races - showing ads or advocating the election for a specific candidate. There are no limits for the amount of money which can be used for these expenditures.
Korston Inc., a software development firm, makes its new hires walk a marathon across the city of Cidville in order to demonstrate the determination of the employees. After the marathon, they are made to recount their experiences and describe how this event has motivated them to work hard. This scenario illustrates a _____.
Answer:A rite of passage
Explanation:
A rite of passage is held as a ceremony to celebrate the passage from one social or sexual stage to another. This gives someone a diffrent status in society.
This ritual is usually done when one's is entering puberty , is welcoming a new born , during marital activities,and when someone passes away or dies.
There are teaching which are shared with the person entering a new stage in order for the person to get acquainted with what will be expected of them moving forward in that stage.
Each culture celebrate these rituals in a diffrent ways around the world.
An individual who were believed to possess a high number of masculine and feminine traits are:__________
Answer:
Androgynous
Explanation:
People who possess the combination of both masculine and feminine traits are known to be 'androgynous'.
Daily Stop, a supermarket in California, was criticized by the community for its use of plastic bags. In view of the concerns raised by the members of the community, the supermarket's management made the decision to start using biodegradable bags. This decision has been influenced by _____ forces.
Answer: Social Forces
Explanation:A social force is a force that result from unified opinion from the members of the community or society that bring about a social action that will lead to a social change . Social forces drive and motivate crucial changes within society.
The community came together against the supermarket and their unified opinion was able to influence the supermarket to change to using biodegradable plastics. There is power in numbers and this is what this community clearly used to stand for what they want and eliminate what they don't want;unified voice.
An information systems specialist reported that his performance on a project in Northern Sweden declined due to sleep deprivation during the summer months in which there were 20 hours of daylight each day. This is an example of which of the following environmental factors?
A. Cultural
B. Legal/political
C. Geographic
D. Economic
E. Infrastructure
The above statement is an example of Geographic environmental factors.
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
The case that has been stated in the question is related to the geographical locations of the place where there is day light more than twenty hours in a day. Because of this problem of that place, the specialist reported that he could not sleep properly and there fore his performance was affected because of this sleep deprivation.This feature of such a long day light is a feature of the geographical condition of that area.
His writings did not specifically address crime; however, his ideas impacted Willem Bonger who viewed the criminal law as primarily protecting the interests of the propertied class. Who is this?
Answer: This is Karl Marx
Explanation: Karl Marx, as the creator of the communist idea and the creator of the idea of a classless society as the ultimate goal, saw that a class-based society created the conditions for the exploitation of one class - the workers, for the sake of profit and the benefits accrued by the capitalists, that is, the ruling class. All laws, even criminal law, are therefore creatures of the ruling class, so that by obeying the laws that ruling class has created and enacted, so it can be held in power and maintained the order that suits them.
So this idea of Marx was not to talk about crime itself, but of a tool used by the ruling class to promote its laws and interests. The ruling class creates criminal law to protect its own actions and to prevent the subordinate class from reacting to and opposing them. In other words, what, according to Marx, is allowed to the ruling class, the working class is not, because if the working class goes after it, then it is crime, and according to Marx, one of the ways of exploiting workers.
This Marx idea also influenced the Dutch criminologist Willem Bonger, who saw the connection between crime, that is, how crime is treated and understood, and the social conditions determined by the interests of the ruling class.
The lease receivable amount includes the present value of
a. rental payments only.
b. rental payments plus the present value of the guaranteed residual value only.
c. rental payments plus the present value of guaranteed and unguaranteed residual values.
d. rental payments plus the present value of the unguaranteed residual value only.
Answer:
Answer is C.
Explanation:
It must be understood that both guaranteed and unguaranteed residual values are both examples of residual value.
The guaranteed residual value is known to be an additional contribution or payment made by somebody considered to be a lesse, which may be in cash, property or both when a lease terminates.
The unguaranteed residual value is considered to be the worth of a lease property, which will be valued at the end of the agreement's term, and it not the responsibility of the lesse.
The lease receivable amount incorporates the current worth of ental installments in addition to the current worth of ensured and unguaranteed leftover qualities. In this way, choice (C) is precise.
The lease receivable sum addresses the aggregate sum that the lessor hopes to get over the term of the rent. It incorporates the current worth of the rental installments, as well as the current worth of both the ensured and unguaranteed lingering values.
Rental installments are the intermittent installments made by the tenant to the lessor for the utilization of the rented resource. The current worth of these rental installments is determined to decide the rent receivable sum.
Notwithstanding rental installments, a rent may likewise incorporate a dependable lingering esteem, which is the assessed worth of the rented resource toward the finish of the rent term.
Therefore, option (C) is the correct answer.
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In which stage do infants learn that the world is a safe place and people can be trusted?
Answer:
Just as attachment is the main psychosocial milestone of infancy, the primary psychosocial milestone of childhood is the development of a positive sense of self. How does self-awareness develop? Infants don't have a self-concept, which is an understanding of who they are.
John is from an upper-middle-class home and has the benefit of extracurricular activities and the latest technology. He is a good student but does not have an exemplary record. Clorista is a bright and energetic student who loves math and science. Her grades are strong, but they would be better if she had more time and resources. She has limited access to a computer and often has to care for her younger siblings while her mother is at work. John and Clorista both applied for positions on the yearbook committee. John was appointed, and Clorista was offered membership in the "Day of the Dead" committee, which is headed by the Spanish teacher. She is unable to accept because of her commitments at home. Sociologically speaking, in comparison to Clorista, John possesses more: a. generational equity b. gender socialization c. cultural capital d. cultural dependency
Answer:
c. cultural capital
Explanation:
Sociologically speaking, in comparison to Clorista, John possesses more Cultural capital. Option (c) is correct.
What is Capital?A factory and its equipment, intellectual property like patents, or the financial assets of a company or a person are all examples of things that provide value or benefit to their owners and fall within the broad definition of capital.
The term "cultural capital," which refers to the acquired social and cultural knowledge that can help a person advance in the world, was first made famous by French writer and philosopher Pierre Bourdieu in the 1970s!
Therefore, Option (c) is correct. Sociologically speaking, in comparison to Clorista, John possesses more Cultural capital.
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Christiansen Motors ran an ad in the Saturday newspaper with the following language, "The first 10 customers who come to the dealership and purchase a car will get 0% financing for 4 years on any car." Greta Jones went to Christiansen’s show room to buy a car with 0% financing, but Christiansen refused to sell a car at 0% financing because it had already sold 10 cars before Greta arrived. Which of the following is correct? a. Christiansen made an offer with its newspaper ad. b. Christiansen needed to be more careful in its language and put a time limit on the offer or sell a car to Greta for the promised rate. c. Christiansen did not make an offer and was not obligated to sell the first 10 cars. d. Christiansen must sell a car to Greta at 0% financing because it ran an ad promising to do so. e. Christiansen need not sell a car to Greta for the rate in the ad.
Answer:
a. Christiansen made an offer with its newspaper ad.
Explanation:
Christiansen Motors made an offer with its ad that the first 10 purchases will get 0% financing, unfortunately the offer has already been exhausted before Greta Jones came to the showroom, 10 cars have already been bought, thus the offer no longer applies.
Final answer:
Christiansen Motors' advertisement is an invitation to treat and not a binding offer. Since the ad specified only the first 10 customers would receive the deal and that threshold was met before Greta Jones arrived, Christiansen is not obligated to offer her the 0% financing.
Explanation:
The specifics of this scenario touch upon contract law and the concept of an advertisement as an invitation to treat rather than a unilateral offer. When Christiansen Motors stated in their advertisement that "The first 10 customers who come to the dealership and purchase a car will get 0% financing for 4 years on any car," this is generally considered an invitation to negotiate rather than a legally binding offer. This means that Christiansen Motors was not making an offer that, once accepted, would create a contract.
Furthermore, since the ad specified that this promotion was only available to the first 10 customers, and since these 10 spots had already been filled before Greta Jones arrived, Christiansen Motors fulfilled its promotional terms as stated in the ad. Therefore, they are not obligated to provide the same financing deal to Greta Jones.
Based on the information given and general legal principles, the option which is correct would be:
e. Christiansen need not sell a car to Greta for the rate in the ad.What is the Scientific Revolution?
Answer:
Scientific Revolution represents a series of events that influenced the emergence of modern science and huge scientific progress during the early modern period. During this period, the development in mathematics, chemistry, astronomy, biology, etc. transformed some points of view about nature.
It occurred in Europe, at the end of the Renaissance (1453) and influenced the emergence of the social movement known as the Enlightenment.
Explanation:
During the Scientific Revolution, people made discoveries, which explained to them many mysteries and changed some beliefs and points of view.
The most important scientist of this period was: Galileo Galilei, Nicolaus Copernicus, and Johannes Kepler.
Its major significance was the fact that European society developed rapidly, based on new scientific approaches and inventions that also contributed to the development of other sciences and arts, as the printing machine, the microscope, the clock, astronomy, the wrench, the submarine, etc.
The first needs that must be met before others, according to Maslow, positioned at the bottom of the hierarchy, are the _____ needs.
Answer:
Physiological needs
Explanation:
Maslow was a humanist. He proposed a humanistic theory called humanistic theory or perspective. It is based on hierarchy. In this hierarchy, there are five levels of needs. These needs are interdependent. If a person does not complete or fulfill a basic need, it could not reach on the next level. The primary and the basic need is
Physiological need:
This needs to be based on the biological requirements of the body to survive. These are very important needs. Without these needs, a person could not reach on to the next level. This basic need includes water, food, sex, clothes, sleep, etc. Maslow considers that physiological need is the most important need. Without fulfilling these need a person could not go on the second level. Other needs are secondary.
In 2019, Alex Burgos, who is 24 years old, paid $600 to Rita, his ex-wife, for child support. Under the terms of his 2019 divorce decree, Alex claims as a dependent his 3-year-old son, William, who lived with Rita for the entire year. Alex’s only income in 2019 was from wages of $17,500, resulting in an income tax of $290. How much is Alex’s Earned Income Credit for 2019
Answer:
The correct answer is : $0
Explanation:
In this case, he doesn't have a qualifying child. The reason is that his son doesn't live with him for more than half a tax year. Besides his incomes aren't enough to pay the tax exemption. His liability has to be removed because of his low wages.
The troubadours and trouvères sang about unattainable courtly love, also called:
Answer:
fin amours.
Explanation:
The troubadours and trouvères sang about unattainable courtly love, also called fin amours.
"The correct term for the type of love that troubadours and trouvres sang about is ""courtly love.""
Courtly love was a medieval European literary conception of love that idealized it as an ennobling passion. The term ""amour courtois"" was first used by Gaston Paris in 1883 to describe the poetic expression of a highly refined and stylized code of love that flourished in the courts of Aquitaine, Provence, Champagne, ducal Burgundy, and later in the Italian city-states and elsewhere in Europe.
This form of love was characterized by a set of idealized, often unrequited, love between a knight and a lady of higher rank. It was a love that was usually adulterous, since the lady was often married, and it was a love that was often conducted in secret. The elements of courtly love included:
1. Worship of the woman: The knight or poet admired his lady from afar, praising her beauty, grace, and virtues.
2. Service to the lady: The lover performed acts of bravery or service to prove his worth.
3. The importance of love: Love was considered the highest and most noble pursuit.
4. The religion of love: Love was treated with the same reverence as religion.
5. The lover's suffering: The lover often suffered from his unrequited love, experiencing emotional turmoil and despair.
6. The concept of fin'amors: This term, meaning ""refined love,"" was used to describe the complex social and poetic rituals associated with courtly love.
Troubadours and trouvres were the poets and musicians of this tradition, composing and performing songs and poems that celebrated courtly love. Their works were influential in shaping the literature and ideals of love in the Middle Ages and beyond."