The empirical formula of caproic acid is C3H6O.
Explanation:The empirical formula of caproic acid can be determined by calculating the molar ratios of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in the compound. The masses of each element in the sample can be used to calculate the number of moles. From the molar ratios, we can determine the simplest whole number ratio of elements, which gives us the empirical formula.
Given that the sample contains 0.0930g of Carbon, 0.0156g of Hydrogen, and 0.0413g of Oxygen, we can calculate the number of moles:
Carbon: 0.0930g / 12.01 g/mol = 0.007749molesHydrogen: 0.0156g / 1.008 g/mol = 0.01547molesOxygen: 0.0413g / 16.00 g/mol = 0.002583molesNext, we divide the number of moles for each element by the smallest number of moles to get the simplest whole number ratio. In this case, the smallest number of moles is 0.002583moles:
Carbon: 0.007749moles / 0.002583moles = 3Hydrogen: 0.01547moles / 0.002583moles = 6Oxygen: 0.002583moles / 0.002583moles = 1Therefore, the empirical formula of caproic acid is C3H6O.
Final answer:
After converting the given masses of C, H, and O to moles and finding their mole ratio, we determine that the empirical formula for caproic acid is C3H6O.
Explanation:
To determine the empirical formula of caproic acid from the given masses of Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), and Oxygen (O), we must first convert the masses to moles:
Carbon: 0.0930 g C × (1 mol C / 12.01 g C) = 0.007744 mol C
Hydrogen: 0.0156 g H × (1 mol H / 1.008 g H) = 0.015476 mol H
Oxygen: 0.0413 g O × (1 mol O / 16.00 g O) = 0.002581 mol O
Next, we find the ratio of moles of each element by dividing each by the smallest number of moles.
C: 0.007744 mol / 0.002581 mol = 3
H: 0.015476 mol / 0.002581 mol = 6
O: 0.002581 mol / 0.002581 mol = 1
Thus, the mole ratio of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen in caproic acid is 3:6:1, which simplifies to 1:2:1/3. However, we cannot have a fraction in an empirical formula, so we multiply by 3 to get whole numbers.
The empirical formula is therefore represented as C3H6O with the assumption that the molecule has the smallest number integers for carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen that maintain the ratio.
11. Weather-station measurements indicate
that the dewpoint temperature and air
temperature are getting farther apart
over the past 3 hours. The chance of
precipitation during this time span is
Final answer:
As the dew point and air temperature diverge, the air becomes drier, reducing the chance of precipitation since a significant drop in air temperature would be required to reach the dew point and initiate condensation.
Explanation:
When the dew point temperature and air temperature are getting farther apart, it indicates that the air is becoming less saturated with moisture. As the temperature drops without reaching the dew point, no condensation occurs. Hence, because the air is becoming drier, the chance of precipitation decreases.
The dew point is the temperature at which the air is completely saturated with moisture and condensation can begin. If the dew point is low, it means that the humidity is low, and there is less moisture available to form precipitation. Since the measurements indicate increasing separation between the dew point and air temperature, the likelihood of rain or snow decreases. This is because as the air temperature falls, it would have to drop a significant amount to reach the dew point and only then could condensation and precipitation potentially occur.
_____, a forth state, occurs at very high temperatures, is not very common on earth, but is the common of matter in the universe.
Answer:
Plasma.
Explanation:
Plasma
" The ionized gaseous mixture consist of atoms, ions and electrons is called plasma"
The plasma was first time identified by William Crookes in 1879. More than 99% universe matter is consist of plasma.
It is the fourth state of matter, the other three are solid, gas and liquid. The most of matter in the universe is plasma. When heat is supplied to the atoms, they gain energy the electrons in atom thus escape from the atom by gaining the energy and create the positive charge. Thus ions are formed. When heat is constantly supplied, the ionization process continue to take place and produce large number of positive charges, free electrons but some atoms not get ionized and remain neutral. Thus a cloud of free electrons , positive charge and neutral atoms is formed which is called plasma.
Examples:
The shining stars, lightning bolts, fluorescent light, flames, electrical current which passes through neon gas are some examples of plasma.
Why is it important for the circulatory system to help your cells
Answer:
to provide energy to the body and helps u grow stonger
Explanation:
why does barium have a lower ionization energy than magnesium
Magnesium has a higher ionization energy than barium due to its smaller atomic radius and stronger nuclear charge. The smaller the atomic radius and the greater the nuclear charge, the more tightly the electrons are held. Therefore, it requires more energy to remove an electron from a magnesium atom than from a barium atom.
Explanation:Magnesium has a higher ionization energy than barium because magnesium has a smaller atomic radius and a stronger nuclear charge compared to barium. The smaller the atomic radius and the greater the nuclear charge, the more tightly the electrons are held, resulting in a higher ionization energy. For example, magnesium has a smaller atomic radius (145 pm) and a higher nuclear charge (positive charge from 12 protons) compared to barium with a larger atomic radius (222 pm) and a lower nuclear charge (positive charge from 56 protons). Therefore, it requires more energy to remove an electron from a magnesium atom than from a barium atom, resulting in a higher ionization energy for magnesium.
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3 Classify the following into elements , compounds and mixtures.
) Gold: __________________
b) Salt solution : ______________
c) Bronze: ___________
d) Calcium carbonate:________________
e) Hydrogen: ____________
f) Soil:_____________
gold:element
salt solution: mixture
bronze: compound
calcium carbonate: compound
hydrogen: element
soil: mixture
What are the characteristics of electrical energy?
Please Mark as brainliest
Explanation:
Characteristics of electric energy Typically, these negative electrical charges (electrons) move through the electrical conductor. Normally the conductor is made of a metallic material because they have a greater amount of free electrons. Electrons and protons are charged particles within an electric field.
Electrical energy is the ability of electric charges to perform work due to their relative positions. It is continuously converted to other forms of energy in an electric circuit, and it can also be generated mechanically and stored for later use.
Explanation:Electrical energy, which falls under the broader category of physical energy forms, has some distinct features. Firstly, electrical energy is the ability of charged particles to perform work as a result of their positions relative to each other - this is also referred to as electric potential energy. It's important to note that positive charges usually move from regions of high potential to low while negative ones do the opposite.
Secondly, electrical energy is commonly present in electric circuits where it gets continually converted into other forms of energy. For instance, in a conductor, the electrical energy transforms into thermal energy. These energy conversions are radically important because they illustrate the principle of energy conservation, which states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only transformed.
Lastly, electrical energy is produced mechanically by moving a conductor through a magnetic field and stored in devices such as batteries and capacitors for future use. In biological systems, electrolytes in cells and body fluids supply electrical energy, leading to voltage changes that aid in transmitting impulses in nerve and muscle cells.
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How many moles of chlorine (Cl) atoms are in a sample of 1.72 × 1022 atoms?
a. 0.0286 mol Cl
b. 35.0 mol Cl
c. 1.03 × 1023 mol Cl
d. 1.04 × 1046 mol Cl
Answer:
0.0286 mol Cl
Explanation:
to convert atoms to moles, we need Avogadro's number.
1 mol= 6.02 x 10^23 atoms
1.72 x 10^22 atoms (1 mol/ 6.02 x 10^23)= 0.0286 moles
anthony is interested in seeing the atoms in a piece of fish scale. he breaks the scale into the smallest piece he can, and look at it under a microscope. is he able to see the atoms of the fish scale?
A. No, there are no atoms in a fish scale.
B. No, atoms are too small to see with a microscope.
C. Yes, if he breaks up the fish scale small enough.
D. Yes, atoms are easily seen with a microscope, even the scale is whole.
Anthony is interested in seeing the atoms in a piece of fish scale. he breaks the scale into the smallest piece he can, and look at it under a microscope. No, atoms are too small to see with a microscope. Therefore, option B is correct.
What is microscope ?A laboratory tool called a microscope is used to look at things that are too small to be seen with the human eye. The study of small objects and structures under a microscope is known as microscopy. Being microscopic means being difficult to see without a microscope.
Microscopy is the process of looking through a microscope at small objects that are invisible to the unassisted eye. Optical microscopy, scanning probe microscopy, and electron microscopy are the three basic categories. Optical microscopes enlarge the image by reflecting light off of the object and using lenses or mirrors.
Although advancements in imaging have allowed their usage to spread into most fields of science and technology, microscopes remain a mainstay in research in the life sciences.
Thus, option B is correct.
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Which substance is oxidized and which is reduced in this reaction?
Cl2 + 2HBr → 2HCl + Br2
A) HBr oxidized; HCl reduced
B) HCl oxidized; Cl2 reduced
C) Br2 oxidized; HBr reduced
D) Cl2 and Br2 oxidized; HBr reduced
In this reaction, Cl2 is reduced to form HCl and HBr is oxidized to form Br2.
Explanation:In this reaction, Cl2 is being reduced to form HCl, and HBr is being oxidized to form Br2. The substance being reduced gains electrons, while the substance being oxidized loses electrons.
Cl2 + 2HBr → 2HCl + Br2
Cl2 is the oxidizing agent because it causes the oxidation of HBr, and HBr is the reducing agent because it causes the reduction of Cl2. The oxidizing agent is the species that gets reduced, while the reducing agent is the species that gets oxidized.
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Final answer:
In the reaction Cl2 + 2HBr → 2HCl + Br2, HBr is oxidized and Cl2 is reduced, making the correct choice A) HBr oxidized; HCl reduced.
Explanation:
In the reaction Cl2 + 2HBr → 2HCl + Br2, the substance being oxidized is HBr and the substance being reduced is Cl2. According to the provided half-reactions, oxidation involves the loss of electrons, and in this case, Br− (from HBr) loses electrons to form Br2. Conversely, the reduction involves the gain of electrons where Cl2 gains electrons to form 2Cl− (from HCl).
Therefore, the answer to the question is that HBr is oxidized; Cl2 is reduced, making the correct choice: A) HBr oxidized; HCl reduced. The oxidizing agent is Cl2 and the reducing agent is Br− from HBr.
Which of the following is a way that groundwater depletion affects streams? a. lower water level b. loss of vegetation c. wildlife disruption d. all of the above Please select the best answer from the choices provided A B C D i need awnser asap im on a timed test
Answer:
All of the above is a way in which groundwater depletion affects streams
Explanation:
Because of the excessive pumping it affects the groundwater level resulting in serious threat to the streams. Loss of the vegetation is the major cause for depletion of groundwater as it results in reducing the ability of the soil to hold on to the water. Evaporation of large tonnes of water affects the marine life, which extinct the various flora fauna fishes and other marine animals and plants. A huge amount of rain water is wasted every year due to the poor storage facility of water harvesting
Answer:
D
Explanation:
calculate the mass of 6.45 x 10^22 atoms of carbon
The mass of 6.45 x 10²² atoms of carbon is 12.864 grams
To calculate the mass of 6.45 x 10²² atoms of carbon, divide the number of atoms by Avogadro's number to get the number of moles, then multiply by the molar mass of carbon (12.011 g/mol) to find the mass in grams.
To calculate the mass of 6.45 x 10²² atoms of carbon, we will use Avogadro's number and the molar mass of carbon. Avogadro's number is 6.022 x 10²³ particles/mol, and the molar mass of carbon is 12.011 g/mol. We use these constants as conversion factors.
First, find the number of moles of carbon atoms:
Number of moles = (6.45 x 10²² atoms C) / (6.022 x 10²³ atoms/mol)
Number of moles = 1.071mol
The next step will be to convert these moles to grams using the molar mass of carbon:
Mass of carbon = Number of moles x Molar mass of carbon
Mass of carbon = 1.071 mol x 12.011 g/mol
Make the calculation and the result will give you the mass in 12.864 grams.
which group in the periodic table has most active metal and why?
Answer:
the most reactive element in the periodic table are alkali metals (metals of the first group in the periodic table). They have one electron in the last energy level and easily react, they easily release the electron.
Explanation:
PLSS HELP I'm really stuck!
How would you make a 500.0ml of stock solution of 6.0M of NAOH. Explain in detail with words and support with calculations.
Answer:
The steps are explained below, the essential step is to find mass here, 120 g of NaOH.
Explanation:
In order to answer this question, we need to define molarity conceptually firstly to see what variables we need. According to the formula, molarity is equal to the ratio between moles and volume, while moles itself is a ratio between mass and molar mass. This means we have a formula for molarity involving mass, molar mass and volume:
[tex]c = \frac{n}{V} = \frac{m}{MV}[/tex]
In order to prepare a 500.0 mL of stock solution of 6.0 M of NaOH, we then need to find the mass of NaOH dissolved in this solution using the equation above:
[tex]m = cMV = 6.0 M\cdot 39.997 g/mol\cdot 0.5000 L = 120 g[/tex]
Now, since we have the mass of NaOH, we can describe the steps needed to prepare this solution:
measure 120 grams of solid NaOH;add this mass of NaOH into a 500.0-mL Erlenmeyer flask;fill approximately half of the flask with distilled water and stir gently to make sure that NaOH dissolves, if it doesn't, add more water and repeat the process;when NaOH fully dissolves, fill the flask to the mark.Our solution is prepared.
1.
When a basketball player jumps to make a shot, _____.
the force with which he jumps is equal to the force with which he shoots the ball
the downward force on the floor is equal to the upward force on his feet
the forces on the player’s feet and on the floor are both in the upward direction
the action-reaction forces are unequal because they act on different objects
Answer:
When a basketball player jumps to make a shot, _____
The downward force on the floor is equal to the upward force on his feet
Explanation:
According to Newton's Third Law of motion :
For every action there is equal and opposite reaction .
Hence when the basketball player jumps to make a shot, The gravity (downward force) and his energy (upward force on his feet) exert equal forces on each other in opposite directions.
Burning gasoline is an _____________ reaction.
Write the formulae and names of compounds formed by combination of
(i) Fe3+ and SO4 2- ii) NH4+ and CO3 2-
Answer:
(i) Formula = Fe₂(SO₄)₃
Name = Iron (III) Sulfate or ferric sulfate
(ii) Formula (NH₄)₂CO₃
Name = Ammonium Carbonate
Explanation:
Data given:
(i) Fe³⁺ and SO₄²⁻
ii) NH₄⁺ and CO₃²⁻
Formula and named of the compound =?
Solution:
(i) compound from Fe³⁺ and SO₄²⁻ and its name
writing a formula in combined form
The symbols of two ions written together that is FeSO₄The charges shown on each atom is its valency and it show its combining tendency so iron will combine with 3 sulfate ions and sulfate ion will combine with 2 iron ionsWhen two ions combine their valencies should be write on the base of the alternate ions. that is 2 will be at the base of Fe and 3 will be at the base of SO₄ without chargesSo the combined formula and name will becompound formula form from Fe³⁺ and SO₄²⁻ = Fe₂(SO₄)₃
Name of the compound = Iron (III) Sulfate or ferric sulfate
______
(ii) compound from NH₄⁺ and CO₃²⁻ and its name
writing a formula in combined form
The symbols of two ions written together that is NH₄CO₃The charges shown on each atom is its valency and it show its combining tendency so NH₄⁺ will combine with 1 carbonate ion and carbonate ion will combine with two NH₄⁺ ionsWhen two ions combine their valencies should be write on the base of the alternate ions 1 should not be written. 2 will be at the base of NH₄⁺ without chargeSo the combined formula and name will becompound formula form from NH₄⁺ and CO₃²⁻ = (NH₄)₂CO₃
Name of the compound = Ammonium Carbonate
Which type of energy releases greenhouse gases when used to make electricity?
A.) Nuclear
B.) Hydroelectric
C.) Geothermal
D.) Natural gas
Plz help! Apex:(((((
Answer:
Natural Gas
Explanation:
It is when fossil fuels like coal and other natural gasses are burned that greenhouse gas is emitted. Nuclear power does hold some danger if left unchecked, but does not contribute to greenhouse gasses in a significant way. Hydroelectric energy does not produce any greenhouse gasses as well. Geothermal energy is also something that does not produce greenhouse gasses and is renewable. The main reason why natural gasses are still used although they produce large numbers of dangerous gasses is because they cost much less than the other energy sources on this list.
Answer:
natural gas :)
Explanation:
An atom with an atomic number of 11 will have how many electrons in its outermost orbit
Answer:
1 electron
Explanation:
Since this substance is the in the first column in the periodic table, hence it would have 1 electron in its outermost ring
What is the Law of conservation In Chemistry
The Law of Conservation of Energy states that The total energy of an isolated system is constant. Energy can neither be created nor destroyed. It can only be transformed from one form to another or transferred from one system to another.
1) Hydrogen and oxygen react to form water.
A) Write the complete balanced equation.
B) If 11 moles of hydrogen react with 11 moles of oxygen which of these is the limiting reagent? Show work or explain how you know.
C) What is the maximum amount of water (in grams) that can be produced given 11 moles of hydrogen and 11 moles of oxygen? Show work.
2) Sodium reacts with oxygen to produce sodium oxide as described by the balanced equation below. If 34.6g of sodium reacts with excess oxygen gas to produce 41.8g of sodium oxide, what is the percent yield? Show all work. (hint: be sure to calculate theoretical yield first)
4Na + O2 --> 2Na2O
Answer:
1)
A) The balanced equation is (1):
(1) [tex]2H_2 +O_2[/tex] ⇒ [tex]2H_2O[/tex]
B) The limiting reagent is the Hydrogen. There is a simple rule to identify the limiting reagent. the explanation is shown below
C) The maximum amount of water produced is given by the limiting reagent (hydrogen) and this quantity is 198g of water
2)
The percent yield is 89.65%
Explanation:
A) In this case you must take into account that the molecules involved in the reaction are oxygen and hydrogen in its diatomic form. This is because the monoatomic form is unstable in nature or said in another way, both oxygen and hydrogen are only found in nature in diatomic form.
In that order of ideas, you can pose the following equation:
(2) [tex]H_2 +O_2[/tex] ⇒ [tex]H_2O[/tex]
The equation (2) is not balanced, for that reason you should balance the amount of atoms of each element. I suggest start balancing oxygen and then balance the hydrogen. If you do that, the result will be equation (1).
B) The rule to identify the limiting reagent is the following:
Once you balance the equation, identify the stoichiometric coefficient of each reagent Divide the amount of moles provided in the problem by the stoichiometric coefficient. You have to do that for each reagent involved in the reaction.In this case you have:
[tex]oxygen: \frac{11mol}{1mol} =11[/tex]
[tex]hydrogen: \frac{11mol}{2mol} =5.5[/tex]
The limiting reagent correspond to the smallest value calculated; in this case, the hydrogen.C) If you want to calculate the amount of water produced you need the equation balanced. Take into account that the maximum amount produced of a product is given by the limiting reagent.
If you don´t understand the concept of limiting reagent, I invite you to analyze the following example:
You want to prepare sandwiches. To prepare a single sandwich you need two slices of bread and a slice of cheese. If you have 6 slices of bread and 6 slices of cheese, how many sandwiches can you prepare?. The answer is 3; as you can see in the example, the slices of bread limit the amount of sandwiches that you can prepare because if you do not have more bread, you can not prepare a sandwich. Let's assume now that you have 6 slices of bread and 2 slices of cheese. In this case, the limiting reagent is the cheese and there are 2 slices of bread leftover.Continuing with the calculations, take into account that this should be based on the hydrogen (the limiting reagent). The procedure is shown below:
(3) [tex]11molH_2*\frac{2molH_2O}{2molH2}*\frac{18gH_2O}{1molH_2O} =198g[/tex]
Note that the excercise provide 11 moles of the limiting reagent (hydrogen). You should relate the amount of moles of hydrogen with the amount of moles of the product (water). To do so, you have to identify the stoichiometric coefficient in the reaction for both the hydrogen and the water (remember, the equation should be balanced). Finally, the molecular weight of the water relate the amount of moles with its mass.
2) First of all, you must verify if the equation is balanced. Once the equation is balanced you must calculate the theoretical yield.
To do so, you assume that all the limiting reagent is consumed to form the product (sodium oxide in this case).
Take into account that the limiting reagent is the sodium because the reaction is carried out with excess oxygen
The procedure is similar to the one shown in equation (3), but now you have mass instead of moles; this implies that first of all you have to transform the mass to moles :
[tex]34,6gNa*\frac{1molNa}{23gNa}=1.504molNa[/tex]
Note that 23 is the molecular weight of the sodium.
Once you calculate the amount of moles of limiting reagent, follow the procedure in equation (3):
(4) [tex]1.504molNa*\frac{2molNa_2O}{4molNa}*\frac{62gNa_2O}{1molNa_2O}=46,624gNa_2O[/tex]
46,624g is the theoretical yield of the reaction. The experimental yield of the reaction is given by the excercise, note that the problem state that 34.6 g of sodium produce 41.8g of sodium oxide.
The percent yield is calculated using equation (5)
(5) [tex]percent yield=\frac{ExperimentalYield}{TheoreticalYield}*100[/tex]
Replacing in equation (5) you have:
[tex]%yield=\frac{41.8}{46.624}*100=89.65[/tex]
key concept: The experimental yield can never be greater than theoretical yield, for that reason the percent yield is always lower than 100%. If the percent yield calculated is greater than 100 you should check carefully the procedure.
Which cell structure do nutrients pass through to enter a cell?
Nutrients can enter cells through different mechanisms depending on their solubility. Lipid-soluble nutrients can diffuse through the plasma membrane, while water-soluble nutrients require transport molecules embedded in the membrane.
Explanation:Lipid-soluble nutrients can diffuse through the plasma membrane, while water-soluble nutrients require transport molecules embedded in the membrane to enter cells. Once inside the cell, lipid-soluble nutrients are packaged for transport via the base of the cell, while water-soluble nutrients enter the capillary blood in the villi and travel to the liver.
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compare and contrast foliation and exfoliation
Foliation:
The formation of leaf or the leaves are known as the foliation. Foliation is the repetition of the metamorphic rocks. Every layer is like thin sheet of paper which a metre thickness. It is a sheet like planar structure. Foliation is constructive processexfoliation :
Exfoliation is the removal off the bone, rock or can say minerals.And when it comes to exfoliation it is the removal of the outer layer may be due to some mechanical or chemical means. The exfoliation is destructive process.Calculate the formula unit mass of NaHCO3. (At. Mass of Na=23u, H=1u, C=12u, O=16u)
Answer:
Formula unit mass of [tex]NaHCO_{3}[/tex] is 84 u.
Explanation:
Formula unit mass can be calculated by the adding individual element mass in the formula of the compound.
The given compound - [tex]NaHCO_{3}[/tex]
From the given the atomic mass of each element in the given compound is as follows.
Atomic mass of sodium (Na) = 23 u
Atomic mass of Hydrogen (H) = 1 u
Atomic mass of carbon (c) = 12 u
Atomic mass of oxygen (O) = 16 u
The number of atoms in the formula:
1 sodium atom =23 u
1 hydrogen atom = 1 u
1 carbon atom = 12 u
3 oxygen atom = 3 X 16 u = 48 u
_____________________________
Formula mass = 84 u
_______________________________
Therefore, Formula unit mass of [tex]NaHCO_{3}[/tex] is 84 u.
What are the three components of soil?
Answer:
The three components are:
Minerals.Organic matter.Living organisms.Explanation:
Soil is made up of three main components:
Minerals that come from rocks below different layers of the soil. Organic matter(humus) which is the remains of plants and animals that increases the fertility of the soil and also increases the water holding capacity of soil.Living organisms that reside in the soil.Result: The three main components of soil are minerals, organic matter, living organisms.
Soil is made up of three main components: inorganic minerals, organic matter, and a mixture of water and air, which are essential for plant life and soil processes.
The three main components of soil are inorganic minerals, organic matter, and a combination of water and air. These components are crucial in sustaining plant life and facilitating various biological processes. Inorganic minerals make up about 40 to 45 percent of soil volume and provide essential nutrients. Organic matter, which includes decomposing plant and animal residues, microorganisms, and living soil organisms, comprises about 5 percent of the soil volume. Lastly, water and air occupy the remaining 50 percent of soil volume, ensuring that plants receive the water needed for growth and air for root respiration.
2. Convert 5.3 x 1025 molecules of CO2 to moles.
Answer:
88.04moles
Explanation:
Nᴀ=6.02×10²³ (constant)
n=N/Nᴀ=
[tex] = \frac{ {5.3 \times 10}^{25} }{ {6.02 \times 10}^{23} } = 88.04moles[/tex]
We can convert the number of molecules to moles by dividing the number of molecules by Avogadro's number. In this case, 5.3 x 10²⁵ molecules of CO₂ is approximately equal to 88.04 moles.
Explanation:To solve the student's problem, we need to find the number of moles in 5.3 x 10²⁵ molecules of CO₂. We do this by dividing the number of molecules by Avogadro's number (approximately 6.02 x 10²³ mol-1), a constant which tells us the number of molecules in a mole.
So, the calculation is as follows:
Number of Moles = (Number of molecules) / (Avogadro's number)
Which in this case becomes: Number of Moles = (5.3 x 10²⁵ molecules) / (6.02 x 10²³ mol⁻¹) ≈ 88.04 moles
So, 5.3 x 10^25 molecules of CO₂ is approximately equal to 88.04 moles.
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Do exponents need to be the same when multiplying in scientific notation?
Answer:
Not necessarily
Explanation:
The answer would be: not necessarily, there is no such requirement.
Whenever we're multiplying in scientific notation, we may simply multiply the numbers separately and the rest separately. Let's say that in a general case we have two numbers:
[tex]n_1 = a \cdot 10^b[/tex]
[tex]n_2 = c \cdot 10^d[/tex]
In order to multiply them, we:
multiply the numbers a and c firstly;multiply the 10s now applying the rule [tex]10^b\cdot 10^d = 10^{b + d}[/tex];multiply result from the step 1 by the result in step 2.Let's apply this for some specific example, say, we have:
[tex]n_1 = 2\cdot 10^3[/tex]
[tex]n_2 = 3\cdot 10^4[/tex]
multiplying 2 and 3: [tex]2\cdot 3 = 6[/tex];multiplying the 10s: [tex]10^3\cdot 10^4 = 10^{3 + 4} = 10^7[/tex];multiplying the two results: [tex]6\cdot 10^7[/tex]recall how Newton's investigation of light followed one form of scientific method
Newton's investigation of light followed a method similar to the scientific method. He hypothesized that light was composed of particles, conducted experiments, particularly with prisms to decompose and recombine light, to test this hypothesis and concluded that light was indeed made of particles.
Explanation:Newton's investigation of light followed a structured methodology that is similar to what's known as the scientific method today. This method involves establishing a problem, forming a hypothesis, conducting experiments to test the hypothesis, analyzing the results and forming a conclusion. In the case of Newton's study on light, he began by identifying a problem: the understanding of the nature of light. He formed a hypothesis that light was composed of particles.
To test this hypothesis, he conducted a variety of experiments, the most famous of which involved passing sunlight through a prism to decompose it into a spectrum of different colors. He observed that the different colors could be recombined to form white light again using another prism which refutes the accepted belief at that time that color is added to light by the prism. Based on his experiments, Newton concluded that light is indeed made up of particles, later to be known as corpuscles.
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Final answer:
Newton's investigation of light using the scientific method demonstrated reproducibility and articulate logical conclusions, leading to advancements like the discovery of infrared and ultraviolet light, and the creation of the Newtonian telescope.
Explanation:
Isaac Newton's investigation of light exemplifies the scientific method through two key attributes: reproducibility and the clear articulation of observations and logical conclusions. The reproducibility of his work allowed others to confirm and extend his findings, such as William Herschel's discovery of infrared light and Johann Ritter's detection of ultraviolet light, using Newton's experimental methods. Newton's approach also included making explicit predictions, verifying them empirically, and offering theoretical explanations based on his observations on how different colors of light interacted with matter.
His insights on light lead to the adaptation of mirrors instead of lenses in telescopes to avoid color distortions, which was applied in his own reflecting telescope design. Newton's work on light and his laws of motion and gravitation also involved expressing experimental results using mathematics, highlighting the interplay between empirical data and theoretical work in the progression of scientific understanding.
what is the percent yield of the reaction below when 544.5 g so2 and 160.0g o2 produce 382.0 g so3? 2SO2+O2+2SO3
Answer:
[tex]\large \boxed{56.1 \, \% }[/tex]
Explanation:
We have the masses of two reactants, so this is a limiting reactant problem.
We will need a balanced equation with masses and molar masses of the compounds involved. Gather all the information in one place
Mᵣ: 64.06 32.00 80.06
2SO₂ + O₂ ⟶ 2SO₃
m/g: 544.5 160.0
1. Theoretical yield
(a) Calculate the moles of each reactant
[tex]\text{Moles of SO}_{2} = \text{544.5 g} \times \dfrac{\text{1 mol}}{\text{64.06 g }} = \text{8.500 mol}\\\\\text{Moles of O} _{2}= \text{160.0 g} \times \dfrac{\text{1 mol}}{\text{32.00 g}} = \text{5.000 mol}[/tex]
(b) Identify the limiting reactant
Calculate the moles of SO₃ we can obtain from each reactant.
From SO₂:
The molar ratio of SO₂ to SO₃ is 2:2
[tex]\text{Moles of SO}_{3} = \text{8.500 mol SO}_{2} \times \dfrac{\text{2 mol SO} _{3}}{\text{2 mol SO}_{2}} = \text{8.500 mol SO}_{3}[/tex]
From O₂ :
The molar ratio of SO₂:O₂ is 2 mol O₂:1 mol O₂.
[tex]\text{Moles of SO$_{3}$} = \text{5.000 mol O}_{2} \times \dfrac{\text{2 mol SO$_{3}$}}{\text{1 mol O$_{2}$}} = \text{10.00 mol SO$_{3}$}[/tex]
The limiting reactant is SO₂ because it gives the smaller amount of SO₃.
(c) Calculate the theoretical yield of SO₃.
[tex]\text{Theor. yield of SO}_{3} = \text{8.500 mol} \times \dfrac{\text{80.06 g}}{\text{ 1 mol}} = \text{680.5 g}[/tex]
2. Calculate the percent yield of SO₃
[tex]\text{\% yield} = \dfrac{\text{ 382.0 g actual}}{\text{680.5 g theor,}} \times 100 \, \% = \textbf{56.1 \%}\\\\\text{The percent yield is $\large \boxed{\mathbf{56.1 \, \% }}$}[/tex]
-2(bx-5)=16 slove for b
Explanation:
SADMEP
-2(bx-5) = 16 distribute
-2bx +10 = 16 subtracte
-10 -10
-2bx = 6
divide by -2x (on both sides)
b = -3x
Answer:
b= -3/x
Explanation:
To solve for b in the equation
-2(bx-5)=16
multiply the terms in the bracket by -2
-2bx + 10 = 16
subtract 10 from both sides of the equation
-2bx + 10 - 10 = 16 -10
-2bx = 6
divide both sides of the equation by -2x
-2bx/-2x = 6/-2x
b = -3/x
Describe an experiment for the preparation and collection of Oxygen sodium peroxide
Answer:
Making oxygen
Oxygen can be made from hydrogen peroxide, which decomposes slowly to form water and oxygen:
hydrogen peroxide → water + oxygen
2H2O2(aq) → 2H2O(l) + O2(g)
The rate of reaction can be increased using a catalyst, manganese(IV) oxide. When manganese(IV) oxide is added to hydrogen peroxide, bubbles of oxygen are given off.
Apparatus arranged to measure the volume of gas in a reaction. Reaction mixture is in a flask and gas travels out through a pipe in the top and down into a trough of water. It then bubbles up through a beehive shelf into an upturned glass jar filled with water. The gas collects at the top of the jar, forcing water out into the trough below.
To make oxygen in the laboratory, hydrogen peroxide is poured into a conical flask containing some manganese(IV) oxide. The gas produced is collected in an upside-down gas jar filled with water. As the oxygen collects in the top of the gas jar, it pushes the water out.
Instead of the gas jar and water bath, a gas syringe could be used to collect the oxygen.