Aerobic respiration happens in what cellular organelle?
Anaerobic respiration does not use _______ gas it happens in one process (after glycolysis) called __________________
What process was used to make beer?
What are the products of alcohol fermentation?
Which of the following statements is true?
Tsunamis are caused by seismic waves.
Earthquakes create mountain chains.
Erosion is always a destructive force.
A gradual cooling of the interior of a volcano causes volcanic eruptions.
In two or more complete sentences explain how to balance the chemical equation, KClO3 ⟶ KCl + O2 and include all steps.
Answer:
2KClO3 -----> 2KCl + 3O2
Explanation:
A chemical equation comprises of the substances reacting called REACTANTS and the substances produced called PRODUCTS. In order to obey the law of conservation of mass, the number of atoms of the reactants must be equal to the number of atoms of the products. The reaction is said to be balanced when this occurs.
We have the below chemical equation:
KClO3 -----> KCl + O2
The equation is not balanced because the number of atoms of some element on the reactant side is not the same as the number of atoms of some element on the product side.
K=1 K= 1
Cl= 1 Cl=1
O= 3 O=2
To make oxygen atom have the same number on both sides, we make use of coefficients (a number placed in front of the chemical formula).
To make Oxygen atom have equal number on both sides, we add coefficient 2 to KClO3 on the reactant side, and coefficient 3 to O2 on the product side. We have:
2KClO3 ----> KCl + 3O2
Now that oxygen atom is balanced (6 atoms on either sides), it has changed the number of atoms of K and Cl on both sides. K and Cl now have 2 number of atoms on the reactant side compared to 1 each on the product side.
To balance K and Cl on both sides, we add coefficient 2 to KCl on the product side.
2KClO3 ----> 2KCl + 3O2
We now have equal number of atoms for each element on both sides i.e. 2 each for K, 2 each for Cl, and 6 each for O.
The equation is now balanced.
A male or female sex cell is called a:
A male or female sex cell is called a gamete. Gametes are produced through a specialized cell division process called meiosis.
Gametes are reproductive cells that carry half the number of chromosomes of a normal cell. In sexual reproduction, two gametes, one from each parent, fuse together during fertilization to form a zygote, which develops into a new individual. Gametes are produced through a specialized cell division process called meiosis, which reduces the chromosome number by half to ensure the offspring receives the correct number of chromosomes.
In humans, the male gamete is called sperm, produced in the testes, while the female gamete is called an egg or ovum, produced in the ovaries. Gametes are specialized cells designed for sexual reproduction and carry genetic information from the parents. They are essential for the continuation of the species and the genetic diversity of offspring.
The fusion of male and female gametes during fertilization restores the full complement of chromosomes and creates a unique combination of genetic material in the offspring. This process ensures genetic variation within a species, allowing for adaptation to changing environments and promoting evolution.
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In soils with distinct soil horizons, the bottom zone is the..... a.) parent material b.) a horizon c.) b horizon d.) subsoil
The correct answer is option (a). Parent material
The soil horizon refers to distinct layers of the soils, which are parallel to one another, but have a different composition from the layer present above and below to it.
The soil horizon can be divided into four different layers. First one is organic layer, which is the topmost layer, below this layer second layer of topsoil is present. Below top soil, subsoil is present. Below subsoil, the bottom most horizon parent material is present.
Describe in words what occurs during the process represented by the photosynthesis equation. Include the importance of sunlight
The photosynthesis equation represents the process. The importance of sunlight is it converts water and carbon dioxide into glucose.
What is photosynthesis?Plants use their leaves to trap light energy during photosynthesis. Plants use the sun's energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into glucose, a sugar. Plants use glucose for energy and to generate other compounds such as cellulose and starch.
Photosynthesis converts sunlight energy into high-energy sugars and oxygen by converting water and carbon dioxide (reactants). Plants use photosynthesis to trap light from the sun and convert it into energy.
Therefore, the photosynthesis equation represents the process. Sunlight is important because it transforms water and carbon dioxide into glucose.
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A pea plant that has round seeds has the genotype Rr. It crossed with a pea plant that has wrinkled seeds and the genotype rr. What is the probability that the offspring will have wrinkled seeds
Answer:
1/2 or 50%
Explanation:
This question involves a single gene coding for seed shape in pea plants. According to the question, the round allele (R) is dominant over the wrinkled allele (r) i.e. the round allele will mask the phenotypic expression of the wrinkled allele in a heterozygous state (Rr).
According to the question, a pea plant that is heterozygous for seed shape (Rr) is crossed with a homozygous recessive pea plant (rr). The cross will produce four possible offsprings with the genotypes: Rr and rr.
Rr genotype will be phenotypically round-seeded while rr will be phenotypically wrinkled.
Hence, the probability that an offspring with wrinkled seeds will be produced is 1/2 or 50%
Grasses → mice → cat → coyote a natural disaster of a fire has occurred what could happen to this food chain?
What are the five categories of adaptations?
The five categories of the adaptations are migration, hibernation, dormancy, camouflage, and estivation. The migration can be defined as the phenomenon of the movement of the animals from one region to another in order for their survival. Hibernation can be defined as the inactive state of the animals, in which they enter to escape from the cold weather. Dormancy is also a state of inactivity which is adapted by animals in order to escape harsh environmental conditions, such as lack of water. Camouflage can be defined as the ability of the animals to blend in with their surrounding environment, in order to escape predators. Estivation can be defined as dormant state adapted by animals to escape the harsh summer weather.
The five categories of adaptation are migration, hibernation, dormancy, camouflage, and estivation.
What is adaptation?Adaptation is the tendency of organisms to change their characteristics according to the environment or their surroundings. These changes are necessary for better survival.
Migration is changing the place temporarily or permanently to places for better conditions like temperature, or area. Like birds in winter, move to high temperatures areas.
Hibernation is slowing down your life activities to save energy for the body. Camouflage is adapting or changing its body structure to save them from predators. Estivation and dormancy are also adaptations of animals.
Thus, migration, hibernation, dormancy, camouflage, and estivation are the five categories of adaptation.
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A polygenic trait can have
A. Fewer genotype than most single-gene traits.
B. Many possible genotypes, but few possible phenotypes
C. Fewer phenotypes than most single-gene traits.
D. Many possible genotypes, producing many possible phenotypes.
A polygenic trait can have many possible genotypes, producing many possible phenotypes.
Explanation:A polygenic trait can have many possible genotypes, producing many possible phenotypes. Polygenic traits are controlled by multiple genes, with each gene contributing a small effect to the final phenotype. This results in a wide range of phenotypes that can be observed for a polygenic trait, such as height or skin color.
For example, height is a polygenic trait influenced by multiple genes. There are many possible combinations of genes that can determine an individual's height, leading to a continuous distribution of heights in a population.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D. A polygenic trait can have many possible genotypes, producing many possible phenotypes.
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What will happen to an animal cell if placed in a hypotonic solution?
How do solid solutions and gas solutions form.?
Solid solutions are often alloys, like steel, which is an alloy of iron and carbon mixed with other metals. Gas solutions form when gases like nitrogen and oxygen mix to form air, driven by an increase in entropy which favors the formation of a more disordered system.
How do solid solutions and gas solutions form? Solid solutions often form when different metals or nonmetals mix to create a single phase, such as alloys. For example, steel, which is an alloy of iron, carbon, and other metals, is a type of solid solution. On the other hand, gas solutions form when gases mix and the motion of the gas molecules causes them to diffuse and spread out uniformly. Air, being about 80% nitrogen and 20% oxygen with traces of other gases, serves as a classic example of a gas solution. The formation process is driven by an increase in entropy, indicating a more disordered system, which is thermodynamically favorable even when the enthalpy change (AH soln) is zero. This entropy increase is often why solutions can form easily when two gases are combined in the same container.
Care must be taken in interpreting electron micro graphs, some features visible in an electron micrograph may not be present in the living cell. Explain why.
1. Which statement most accurately describes the process of respiration?
Select one:
a. It occurs only in plants during the daylight hours and usually involves the exchange of gases.
b. It occurs only in plants during the daylight hours and involves the taking in of preformed organic molecules.
c. It occurs continuously in the cells of all organisms and involves the synthesis of carbohydrate molecules.
d. It occurs continuously in the cells of all organisms and often involves an exchange of gases.
when during the cell cycle do chromosomes first become visible?
plants are classified as
Reproductive cells are created by _____.
A. mitosis
B. meiosis
C. cytokinesis
A bacterium is placed in a hypertonic solution. Which of the following would the bacterium use to maintain osmotic pressure?
a. Active transport
b. Ion pumps
c. Facilitated diffusion
d. Contractile vacuole
Answer:
c. Facilitated diffusion
Explanation:
The bacteria shown in the question is in a hypertonic solution. Thus, we can conclude that the solution contains a higher solute concentration than the solute concentration inside the bacteria. For the osmotic pressure to be maintained the bacteria will receive solution solutes until the concentrations are balanced. This process is done through facilitated diffusion.
Some substances have certain characteristics that make it impossible for them to cross the cell's lipid bilayer by simple diffusion. However, they can also pass the membrane by passive transport, this type of process known as facilitated diffusion. In this way, particles can enter or leave the cell through their attachment to specific proteins, known as carrier proteins, or through aqueous pores of protein channels, both present in the cell membrane.
In humans, the allele for a widow’s peak is dominant to the allele for a straight hairline. In a family with three children, two of the children have a straight hairline and one child has a widow’s peak. Which of the following is possible?
a. Both parents are homozygous for a straight hairline.
b. Both parents are homozygous for a widow’s peak.
c. One parent is homozygous for a straight hairline, and the other is heterozygous.
d. One parent is homozygous for a widow’s peak, and the other is homozygous for a straight hairline. ...?
The correct answer is that one parent is homozygous for a straight hairline (ww) and the other parent is heterozygous (Ww), allowing for the possibility of having children with either a widow's peak or a straight hairline.
Explanation:In humans, the allele for a widow's peak is dominant to the allele for a straight hairline. If two of the children have a straight hairline and one child has a widow's peak, it's possible that each parent carried at least one copy of the allele for a straight hairline. Let's denote the dominant allele for a widow's peak as 'W' and the recessive allele for a straight hairline as 'w'.
Option a, both parents being homozygous for a straight hairline (ww), cannot be true because they wouldn't have a child with a widow's peak. Option b, both parents being homozygous for a widow's peak (WW), is not possible because they would not be able to have a child with a straight hairline. Option d, one parent being homozygous for a widow's peak and the other being homozygous for a straight hairline, also cannot be true because all children would have a widow's peak. Therefore, option c, one parent being homozygous for a straight hairline (ww) and the other parent being heterozygous (Ww), is possible. This would allow for a 50% chance of having a child with a straight hairline and a 50% chance of having a child with a widow's peak.
Evolutionary theories are supported by evidence of
describe a possible application for stem cells
Stem cells are the specialized cells of the body which have the potency to undergo division and form any other cell with specialized functions. These can be used in different therapies, for cell replacement.
What are Stem cells?Stem cells are the body's raw materials. These cells can divide and generate all other cells of the body with specialized functions. Under the right conditions in the body or a laboratory, stem cells divide to form more cells called daughter cells.
Stem cells have two unique properties that enable them to divide and replace the specialized cells. These can divide over and over again to produce new cells. As they divide, they can change into the other types of cells that make up the body.
In stem cell transplants, stem cells can replace the damaged cells by chemotherapy or disease or serve as a way for the donor's immune system to fight some types of cancer and other diseases, such as leukemia, lymphoma, neuroblastoma and multiple myeloma. These transplants can use adult stem cells or umbilical cord blood for replacement of cells.
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Saltwater fish constantly drink water but still excrete concentrated urine to compensate for the water loss. They also have gills to help excrete excess salts. Conversely, freshwater fish absorb salt from their surroundings using their gills and their bodies reabsorb salt from their urine. This describes how salt- and freshwater fish _______.
a.
use their gills to drink
b.
keep the salinity levels even in their aquatic environments
c.
have adapted to deal with osmosis
d.
have evolved behavior patterns to match their physiology
Answer:
c
Explanation:
it is c
If stranded on a deserted island with no freshwater, it is not advisable to drink sea water. Why not? A) The salty snacks cause an ionic imbalance that triggers a nervous response. B) The salt in the body creates a hypertonic solution around cells, which causes water to diffuse out of cells and make them crenate. C) The salt in the body creates a hypotonic solution around cells, which causes water to diffuse into cells and make them cytolyse. Eliminate D) The salt in the body creates an isotonic solution around cells, which causes water to diffuse into and out of cells which makes them unstable.
B) The salt in the body creates a hypertonic solution around cells, which causes water to diffuse out of cells and make them crenate.
What is the function of osteocytes?
The allele for a widow's peak has complete dominance over the allele for a straight hairline (w). what is the probability of two parents heterogeneous for a widow's peak (ww) having an offspring without a widow's peak? 25 percent 0 percent 50 percent 75 percent
Answer: The correct and is A or 25 Percent
Does mitosis more closely resemble meiosis 1 or meiosis 11? Explain your answer.
The main differences between mitosis and meiosis occur in meiosis I, where homologous chromosome pairs undergo crossover and line up randomly. Meiosis I is a reduction division, reducing the ploidy level. Meiosis II is more similar to mitosis.
Explanation:The main differences between mitosis and meiosis occur in meiosis I. In meiosis I, homologous chromosome pairs are bound together, undergo crossover, and line up randomly along the metaphase plate. When the homologs separate, the ploidy level is reduced from two to one. For this reason, meiosis I is referred to as a reduction division. There is no such reduction in ploidy level during mitosis.
Meiosis II is much more similar to mitosis. Duplicated chromosomes (only one set of them) line up on the metaphase plate and sister chromatids are separated to opposite poles.
The ability of an organism to change internally or externally in relation to changes in the environment is called _____. reproduction complexity heredity homeostasis
Answer:
The correct answer is homeostasis.
Explanation:
Change in an organism internally or externally according to environmental change is called homeostasis. This ability help organism to maintain and regulate equilibrium to the outer environment to keep their vital function. There are many regulating organs or glands that help in maintaining homeostasis.
Hypothalamus located in the brain is the major organ that helps in regulating homeostasis. The homeostasis action involves common things are body temperature, blood pressure regulation and many more. however, in lower life forms, it can be regulated by localized organs or cells too.
Thus, the correct answer is homeostasis.
This is a biological process that requires oxygen.
Aerobic respiration is the biological process that requires oxygen to produce energy (in the form of ATP), carbon dioxide and water. Involving the transportation of oxygen via the blood to tissues, this process makes up approximately 95% of our normal energy production. If oxygen was not present in the atmosphere, life would have to rely on different processes such as anaerobic respiration or fermentation.
Explanation:The biological process that requires oxygen is known as aerobic respiration. This process breaks down glucose or other nutrients in the presence of oxygen (O2) to produce carbon dioxide, water, and ATP - the main source of energy for cells. Approximately 95 percent of the ATP required for resting or moderately active muscles comes from aerobic respiration, taking place in the energy factories of cells, the mitochondria.
During this process, oxygen passes from the lungs into the blood, where it combines with hemoglobin to form oxyhemoglobin. In this state, it's transported to various tissues where it's used for producing energy. Ultimately, the process outputs the waste products carbon dioxide and water, which are transported back to the lungs to be exhaled.
Without the oxygen present in our atmosphere, life as we know it would rely on anaerobic respiration or fermentation. This is because, evolutionarily, some prokaryotes began to use sunlight to photosynthesize, using water as the hydrogen source and releasing O2 as a 'waste' product - in turn allowing for aerobic respiration.
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True false: sister chromatids are created for each of the multiple chromosomes found in the cell's nucleus.
How independent assortment occurs in cells?