at 65 degrees celsius, which compound has a vapor pressure of 58 kilopascals? 1. ethanoic acid2. ethanol 3. propanone 4. water

Answer:

Energy can be exchanged between the system and surroundings, but matter cannot.

Explanation:

In thermodynamics a closed does not allow the exchange of matter but allows the exchange of energy. Thus option C is correct and option B is incorrect.  

Open system allows both the transfer of mass and energy. Thus option A is incorrect.  

Isolated system does not allow the transfer of mass nor energy. Option D is incorrect.

An ion is an atom or molecule with a net electrical charge due to the loss or gain of electrons. Out of the options provided (Ca, Na^+, Mg, ^4He), only Na^+ is an ion, representing a sodium atom which has lost one electron.

An ion is an atom or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons, giving it a net electrical charge. From the provided options, only Na^+ is an ion. It represents a sodium atom that has lost one electron, resulting in a positive charge.

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Answer: Option (B) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

When we heat food in a microwave then the electrical energy of microwave produces microwaves which are also part of electromagnetic spectrum.

These microwaves are absorbed by food and as a result microwaves change into heat energy. Therefore, food becomes hot.

Thus, we can conclude that to cook food, a microwave oven converts electrical energy into heat energy.

Answer:

The answer is A

Explanation:

Answer:

Protons, neutrons, and electrons

Explanation:

An atom contains protons, neutrons and electrons (there needs to be an equal amount of protons and electrons for the atom to be neutral. In the instance where protons and electrons are not equal to each other, you will have an ion). The name of the atom determines how many of these particles would be present, and the number of these particles determine what group of the periodic table it will be in (if an atom has 11 protons, 11 electrons and 12 neutrons, the atom is sodium and will be placed in group 1).

Photosynthesis converts light energy into chemical energy through two stages: light-dependent reactions that produce ATP and NADPH, and light-independent reactions using these elements to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose.

Photosynthesis is a biological process that converts light energy, primarily from the sun, into chemical energy in plants. Photosynthesis comprises two stages: the light-dependent reactions and the light-independent reactions.

During the light-dependent reactions, energy from sunlight is absorbed by pigment molecules like chlorophyll, triggering the release of electrons. This energy is used to create adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and NADPH, forms of chemical energy.

In the next phase, the light-independent reactions (also known as the Calvin cycle), the ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent reactions are used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose, an energy-storing molecule, and oxygen. Therefore, it's during these light-independent reactions that chemical energy is formally established from light energy in photosynthesis.

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Answer:

It might be C

Explanation:

Im not sure so you don't need to put it!!

The molar masses of each element are:

Ba =137.3 g/mol 
N = 14 g/mol 
O = 16 g/mol

Calculating the total mass by multiplying with number of moles:

Ba = 137.3 g/mol * 1 mol = 137.3 g

N = 14 g/mol * 2 mol = 28 g

O = 16 g/mol * 6 mol = 96 g

Total 261.3g 

Ba: 137.3/261.3 = 52.55% 
N: 96/261.3 = 36.73% 
O: 24/261.3 = 10.72% 

Answer:

52.55% Ba, 10.72% N, 36.73% O

The correct percentage composition for barium nitrate (Ba(NO3)2) is 56.54% Ba, 12.54% N, and 30.92% O, as calculated based on the molar masses of each element in the compound. This matches option e.

To calculate the percentage composition of each element in barium nitrate (Ba(NO3)2), we need to find the molar masses of each element and then use them to determine the percentage of each element in the compound.

1. **Calculate the molar mass of Ba(NO3)2:**

  \[ \text{Molar mass of Ba(NO3)2} = \text{Molar mass of Ba} + 2 \times \text{Molar mass of N} + 6 \times \text{Molar mass of O} \]

2. **Calculate the percentage composition of each element:**

  \[ \text{Percentage of Ba} = \left( \frac{\text{Molar mass of Ba}}{\text{Molar mass of Ba(NO3)2}} \right) \times 100 \]

  \[ \text{Percentage of N} = \left( \frac{2 \times \text{Molar mass of N}}{\text{Molar mass of Ba(NO3)2}} \right) \times 100 \]

  \[ \text{Percentage of O} = \left( \frac{6 \times \text{Molar mass of O}}{\text{Molar mass of Ba(NO3)2}} \right) \times 100 \]

Now, compare the calculated percentages with the options:

a. 52.55% Ba, 10.72% N, 36.73% O (Not correct)

b. 11.11% Ba, 22.22% N, 66.67% O (Not correct)

c. 10.72% Ba, 52.55% N, 36.73% O (Not correct)

d. 50.00% Ba, 10.00% N, 40.00% O (Not correct)

e. 56.54% Ba, 12.54% N, 30.92% O (Correct)

So, the correct answer is option e.

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The probable question may be:

Calculate the percentage composition of each element in barium nitrate, Ba(NO3)2. choose the correct percentages for ba, n, and o.

a. 52.55% Ba, 10.72% N, 36.73% O

b. 11.11% Ba, 22.22% N, 66.67% O

c. 10.72% Ba, 52.55% N, 36.73% O

d. 50.00% Ba, 10.00% N, 40.00% O

e. 56.54% Ba, 12.54% N, 30.92% O

Hello!

The scientific study of the behavior of matter near 0K is called cryogenics

The word "cryogenics" comes from the greek kyros (cold) and geneia (generation). It describes the techniques used to reach very low temperatures to study the behavior of matter.

The ways to achieve these low temperatures are various, but here are the most common:

Have a nice day!

Final answer:

Halogens in the halogen family gain one electron to become halide ions.

Explanation:

The elements of the halogen family, which includes fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine, gain electrons to become halide ions. Halogens have a p5 electron configuration, meaning they have one vacancy in their outermost subshell. By accepting an extra electron, the halogens achieve a stable noble gas electron configuration and become negatively charged ions. For example, chlorine (Cl) gains one electron to become the chloride ion (Cl-).

To estimate the value of a large coffee can of pennies, draw out a sample. Count it and weigh it, obtaining an average weight per penny. Weigh the all the coins in the can, subtracting the weight of the empty can. By dividing the weight of all coins by the weight of one penny, you can estimate the total amount.

To estimate the amount of money a large coffee can full of pennies contains without counting all the coins, you can use a method known as sampling. Start by selecting a small, manageable number of pennies from the can. For instance, you could take out 20. Count the value of the pennies you've selected, using the knowledge that each penny, in U.S currency, is worth 1 cent. This will give you an average value. Then weigh the pennies. This will give you the average weight of 1 cent. Next, weigh the entire can and subtract the weight of the can itself. This gives you the weight of all the pennies. Divide the weight of all coins by the average weight of 1 cent. You now have an estimate of the total amount of money in the can.

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The concentration (in molarity) of the KOH solution needed to neutralize the given quantity of KHP is calculated to be 0.1104 M.

To determine the concentration of the KOH solution, we first need to know the stoichiometry of the neutralization reaction taking place. Potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHP) is a monoprotic acid, meaning it donates one proton (H+) per molecule to be neutralized by one molecule of KOH (which provides one OH-).

Firstly, convert the mass of KHP into moles using its molar mass (approximately 204.22 g/mol):
0.4218 g KHP * (1 mol KHP / 204.22 g KHP) = 0.002064 mol KHP.

Since the stoichiometry of the reaction is 1:1, the moles of KOH used is 0.002064 moles. The volume of the KOH solution used is 18.68 mL or 0.01868 L. Hence, the concentration of the KOH solution in molarity (M), which is defined as moles/Liter, can be calculated as follows:
0.002064 mol KOH / 0.01868 L = 0.1104 M.

Therefore, the molarity of the KOH solution is 0.1104 M.

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To find the concentration (in molarity) of the KOH solution, you first calculate the number of moles of KHP, then use the balanced equation to determine the mole ratio between KHP and KOH, and finally calculate the concentration of the KOH solution.

To find the concentration (in molarity) of the KOH solution, we can use the equation:

KHP (aq) + KOH (aq) → K2HPO4 (aq) + H2O (l)

First, we need to calculate the number of moles of KHP:

Moles of KHP = mass / molar mass = 0.4218 g / 204.22 g/mol = 0.002063 mol

Next, we can use the balanced equation to determine the mole ratio between KHP and KOH. From the equation, we can see that 1 mole of KHP reacts with 1 mole of KOH:

Moles of KOH = moles of KHP = 0.002063 mol

Finally, we can calculate the concentration of the KOH solution:

Concentration (in Molarity) = moles / volume

Molarity = 0.002063 mol / 0.01868 L = 0.1105 M

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The Lewis atomic model proposed that electrons are arranged around the nucleus in specific energy levels, which was further detailed by Niels Bohr to include allowed circular orbits. Bohr's model introduced the concept that these orbits, or energy levels, are quantized and designated with the quantum number 'n'. Lewis diagrams also show valence electrons around an atom's symbol, helping to visualize bonding.

The Lewis atomic model suggests that electrons are arranged around the nucleus in specific energy levels, represented as rings or shells. This model of atomic structure was expanded upon by Niels Bohr in 1913. Bohr's model for the hydrogen atom incorporated quantum concepts and classical mechanics to propose that electrons move in fixed orbits, or quantized energy levels, around the nucleus. Each orbit represents a different energy level and is denoted by the principal quantum number 'n'. Bohr's model of the atom was a significant step forward from previous models, like the cubic model and the Saturnian model, and it introduced the idea that electrons could only exist in certain allowed energy states.

Notably, in Bohr's model, an electron in a hydrogen atom moves around the nucleus in circular orbits centered at the nucleus. The orbits are allowed to have only certain radii, which are in specific energy levels or shells designated by a number and the symbol 'n'. This concept also applies to more complex atoms, where electrons occupy regions of space, known as orbitals, around the nucleus based on their energy levels. This model was pivotal in explaining phenomena such as the discrete emission spectra of hydrogen.

Lewis diagrams, also known as Lewis electron dot diagrams, are a representation that shows the valence electrons as dots around the chemical symbol of an atom, thus giving us a visual representation of the valence electron arrangement in atoms and aiding in the understanding of chemical bonding and molecule formation.

The functional group of the aspirin in which causes this compound to cause a person’s stomach to be irritated is most likely because of the acetyl salicylic acid in which its acid portion of this drug causes the person’s stomach to feel stomach irritation.

Answer:

The acid (-COOH) functional group of aspirin causes it to irritate the stomach

Explanation:

Aspirin is acetylsalicylic acid with a molecular formula C₉H₈O₈.

It is a cyclic compound composed of a benzene ring along with 2 functional groups: the carboxylic acid (-COOH) and acetyl group (-OCOCH3)

The most common side effect of consuming aspirin is an upset stomach. This is due to the acid functional group which can irritate the stomach lining.

Drawback of Fossil fuel :-

1)  Big Role in Global Warming :-  Fossil fuel create so much Carbon that's why it is more responsible in Global warming .

2) Non Renewable :-  fossil fuel take million of years to create .

Causes Air pollution :- burning fossil fuel emits number of pollution that are harmful for the environment.

Final answer:

A silver atom becomes a silver ion by losing an electron and getting oxidized. The process is part of a redox reaction, which also involves the reduction of silver ions back to metallic silver when gaining electrons, as seen in silver plating.

Explanation:

A silver atom is converted to a silver ion when the atom loses an electron and assumes a positive charge. In contrast, the reduction of silver ions to make silver metal involves them gaining an electron to revert to the neutral atomic state. This process is part of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, where electrons are transferred between substances. During this transformation, oxidation occurs because the silver atom's oxidation state changes from 0 to 1+, indicating a loss of electrons.

For instance, when a clean piece of copper metal is placed in a solution of silver nitrate, silver ions start to gain electrons from the copper, reducing them to solid silver metal, and at the same time, copper is oxidized. This visual change can be observed by the development of a blue color in the solution, indicating the presence of copper ions, and the formation of solid silver on the copper strip.

In the context of silver plating, silver ions in a solution are reduced at the cathode to form a thin layer of silver metal on objects such as spoons. The half-reaction at the cathode is written as Ag+ (aq) + e→ Ag(s), indicating the balance of both atoms and charges as solid silver is formed and the silver ions are reduced.

Answer:

production of a gas

Explanation:

What makes the cake grow is the action caused by yeast. When added in the dough the yeast undergoes a chemical transformation releasing carbon dioxide, for example from the reaction between sodium bicarbonate and monoacid phosphate. It is the carbon dioxide that makes the cake grow, making the dough light and soft. This reaction is favored by heating, so the use of frozen ingredients in the preparation of the dough can harm the end result.

0.45 moles of air are in a 3.0 l balloon

Algebraic expressions in mathematics are a combination of coefficients, numbers, variables, constants and arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.

The main composition of algebraic expressions are:

algebraic forms separated by arithmetic operations

consists of one phrase (monomial) to many phrases (polynomial)

is a value that can be changed, can be in the form of letters, for example, x, y, a, b, etc.

is a fixed value, can be a number

it takes three "breaths" to blow up a balloon to 1.2 l

we translate this sentence into Algebraic expressions:

3 breaths = 1.2 L

So for 3.0 l balloon will need:

3: 1.2 x 3 breaths = 7.5 breaths

Because each breath supplies the balloon with 0.060 moles of exhaled water, then for 3.0 L balloon there will be:

7.5 breaths x 0.060 = 0.45 moles

moles of water

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> Explain how different observations and experiments led to changes in the atomic model.

The atomic model has progressed over time. As scientists have learned more about the atoms, the atomic model has changed.

Democritus: first proposed that matter cannot be divided into smaller pieces

Dalton: created the 1st atomic theory. He viewed atoms as tiny solid balls

JJ Thomson: discovered electrons, he showed that atoms are made of even smaller things

Rutherford: discovered protons and nucleus, he showed that atoms have positive particles in the center and that atoms are made up mostly of empty space

Bohr: improved Rutherford’s model by proposing that electrons move around the nucleus in layers or shells

Chadwick: discovered neutrons = particles with no charge

The modern model of the atom is made up of works collaborated since 1920 which has electrons moving around the nucleus in a cloud.

> Explain how line spectra are used to identify elements and what they indicate about atoms.

Actually each element has its own unique spectra, hence this property can be used to identify the element. The line spectra give us an indication about the energy levels of the electrons, and each wavelength produces different colors.

> Represent electron arrangements using electron configuration, orbital notation, shorthand notation, and Lewis dot notation.

To answer your question, I will illustrate an example. The s orbital can accommodate 2 electrons, p orbital can accommodate 6, d orbital can accommodate 10, f orbital can accommodate 14. To take as example, Mg contains 12 electrons using the Aufbau principle, the electron configuration is: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 the numbers after the letter represent the amount of electrons, the letters (s, p) represent the sublevel of the electron, while the number before the letter represent the principal quantum number, or "level".

Apply the rules and limitations of each quantum number to identify possible and impossible quantum number sets.

>There are four quantum numbers.

1. Principal quantum number (n) can take values of any positive whole numbers

2. Angular momentum quantum number (l) is from 0 to n – 1

3. Magnetic quantum number (ml) is from –l to +l

4. Spin quantum number (ms) only takes two values, positive spin and negative spin: +1/2, -1/2

From these rules you can identify possible and impossible set of quantum numbers.

Nitrogen has an oxidation number of zero in its elemental state, as in nitrogen gas (N2). Nitrogen's oxidation number can vary in different compounds, ranging from +5 to -3.

The species in which nitrogen has an oxidation number of zero is nitrogen gas, or N2, itself. This is because the oxidation number of an atom in its elemental form, such as nitrogen in N2, is zero. Nitrogen, in this elemental state, doesn't have any charge associated with it. Oxidation numbers are assigned to elements in a compound in order to keep track of electron transfers during chemical reactions. In other compounds, nitrogen can have different oxidation states ranging from +5 to -3, for example in ammonium ion, NH4+, nitrogen has oxidation number of -3 while in nitrate ion, NO3-, it has an oxidation number of +5.

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A substance that breaks apart in water to produce an excess of hydroxide ions ( OH− ) is base. Therefore, option A is correct.

A base is a chemical that reacts with hydrogen ions to neutralise the acid. The majority of bases are mineral compounds that combine with acids to create water and salts. The oxides, hydroxides, and carbonates of metals are examples of bases. Alkalis are the soluble bases. Alkalies include sodium hydroxide.

A molecule that can accept an electron pair bond by moving into the valence shell of another atom thanks to the presence of one electron pair is known as a base. Only a small handful of elements contain atoms that can give a molecule the fundamental qualities it needs.

Any hydrogen-containing material that has the ability to donate a proton (hydrogen ion) to another chemical is considered an acid.

Thus, option A is correct.

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