The percentage of water reabsorbed into the blood after filtration out of the blood in the renal corpuscles of the kidney is 99%. In tubular reabsorption, the percentage of 1% of the glomerular filtrate actually leaves because the 99% is reabsorbed into the blood when it passes in the renal tubules and ducts. This process is tubular reabsorption and occurs in three mechanisms which are osmosis, diffusion and active transport. The body’s needs are the basis why reabsorption varies as per individual. This enables the body to retain most of its nutrients. This happens when solutes and water are removed from the tubular fluid and transported into the blood.
_____ receive stimuli from nerve cells.
A. Axons
B. Dendrites
C. Glial cells
D. Perikaryons
Functions of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum include ______. 1
The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) has key functions including lipid synthesis and detoxification. It is also involved in carbohydrate metabolism, steroid hormone production, and calcium regulation.
Explanation:The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) serves many key functions within cells. Two important roles are lipid synthesis and detoxification. Lipids, or fats, are essential for cell membrane structure and function, and SER is the site where many of these lipids are synthesized. Additionally, the SER plays a crucial role in detoxifying certain drugs and toxins in the body, rendering them less harmful or even harmless. Other functions of the SER include the metabolism of carbohydrates, steroid hormone production, and regulation of calcium concentration, among others.
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Rory is trying to identify a tree from one of its leaves. A question on the dichotomous key that he is using asks whether the leaf has 3-5 lobes or more than 5 lobes. Rory cannot tell whether the leaf in his hand has 5 or 6 lobes. What should Rory do to continue identifying the tree?
Look at other leaves from the same tree, and count how many lobes they have.
Skip this question, since one question does not make a difference.
Start over from the beginning of the dichotomous key.
Find a different dichotomous key to use that does not ask this question.
The answer would be:
Look at other leaves from the same tree, and count how many lobes they have.
If you'd like to know why, read on:
A dichotomous key helps identify an organism based on observable traits. One option leads to another question, which would be more specific based on the choice made before it, so skipping it would not be a good option. Even if you start over from the beginning of the dichotomous key, you will end up with the same question because you are examining the same thing.
Looking at the other leaves is the best choice because the other leaves are part of the organism you are observing, so it would be the same thing.
How does the central dogma of molecular genetics serve as the basis of modern genetics?
Defensive proteins are manufactured by the _____ system.
Defensive proteins are manufactured by the system referred to as the immune system. The correct option is C.
What are defensive proteins?Defensive proteins or monoclonal antibody, also known as immunoglobulins, comprise the most crucial component of the immune system.
These proteins aid in preventing disease by sustaining various types of restrictions and elimination mechanisms in the body.
Saliva contains a large number of defense proteins. Salivary immunoglobulins and the salivary chaperone HSP70/HSPA, for example, are implicated including both innate and acquired immune activation.
The immune system defends one's body against external invading forces. Toxins and pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi are examples of these.
Thus, the correct option is C.
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Your question seems incomplete. The missing options probably are:
A. Digestive B. Cardiovascular C. Immune D. Nervous E. IntegumentaryWhat are the functions of mitosis in a multicellular eukaryotic organism such as plants and animals?
A nurse is assessing the needs of a client who just learned that a tumor is malignant and has metastasized to several organs and that the illness is terminal. what behavior does the nurse expect the client to exhibit during the initial stage of grieving?
Which type of lipoprotein takes cholesterol from cells or atherosclerotic deposits back to the liver? very low density lipoproteins (vldls) low density lipoproteins (ldls) intermediate density lipoproteins (idls) high density lipoproteins (hdls)?
16. Explain how you would calculate the ecological footprint of the state that you live in if you knew the average ecological footprint of a resident in your state?
What is the function of helicase in dna replication? what is the function of helicase in dna replication? it checks for errors in the newly synthesized dna strand. it relieves strain from twisting of the double helix as it is unwound. it adds nucleotides to the new strand in the 5' to 3' direction. it untwists the double helix and separates the two dna strands. it joins together okazaki fragments?
The function of helicase in DNA replication is to separate the two DNA strands of the double helix. It works at the origin of replication, initiating the process by unwinding the DNA, forming a structure known as the 'replication fork'. If mutated, it inhibits the separation of DNA strands, affecting the entire replication process.
Explanation:The function of helicase in DNA replication is to separate the two DNA strands of the double helix. It achieves this by unwinding the DNA at the origin of replication, thus resulting in a structure referred to as the 'replication fork'. The opening of the double helix causes over-winding, or supercoiling, in the DNA ahead of the replication fork. This is resolved with the action of an enzyme known as topoisomerase. Primase then synthesizes a RNA primer which helps DNA polymerase form a daughter strand.
If helicase is mutated, the DNA strands will not be separated at the beginning of replication, affecting the entire DNA replication process. While helicase separates the DNA strands, other proteins like single-strand binding proteins, primase, DNA polymerase, and DNA ligase carry out other crucial functions in DNA replication, ensuring the right sequence and integrity of the newly synthesized DNA strand.
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A trait has two alleles, which are represented by p and q. If p = 0.44, what is q?
Answer:
.56
Explanation:
A P E X
How could an embryonic stem cell be used to repair a severed spine?
The study of how organisms interact with their environment and with other organisms is called: biogeography conservation biology ecology environmentalism
After the release of the mature egg, it is guided by the fimbria into the
Which definition is the best for “semipermeable membrane”? It is a barrier that prevents materials from moving from one side to the other. It is a barrier that allows materials to move freely from one side to the other. It is a barrier with tiny openings that let some, but not all, materials pass through. It is a barrier that helps materials move from one side to the other.
Answer:
Option C, It is a barrier with tiny openings that let some, but not all, materials pass through
Explanation:
A semipermeable membrane is a biological membrane that allows some substances to pass through it. Such type of membranes are also referred as selectively permeable membrane as they do not allow all substances to pass through it non-distinctively.
For example the cell membrane , wall of arteries, wall of intestine etc. are semipermeable membrane.
Hence, option C is correct.
How does biodiversity depend on a species ability to reproduce
Oddly shaped red blood cells and severe pain are characteristics of a human genetic disorder known as
The most common type of leukocyte is a/an __________.
The result of binding a signal molecule to its receptor is
Final answer:
The binding of a signal molecule to its receptor triggers a sequence of cellular events, known as signal transduction, leading to changes such as alterations in metabolic pathways or gene expression. This process involves the specific recognition of signal molecules by receptors, followed by intracellular signaling pathways that amplify the signal and produce a cellular response.
Explanation:
How Binding of a Signal Molecule to Its Receptor Leads to Cellular Changes
The result of binding a signal molecule to its receptor initiates a complex chain of events within the cell, leading to various forms of cellular responses. This fundamental biological process is crucial for the regulation of cellular activities and is known as signal transduction. Signal transduction pathways can lead to diverse changes in the cell, such as alterations in metabolic pathways, changes in gene expression, or activation of specific cell functions.
Receptors are highly specific proteins that can recognize and bind to particular signal molecules. Upon binding, receptors undergo conformational changes that trigger intracellular signaling pathways. These pathways often involve the generation of second messengers, activation of enzymes, and the phosphorylation of proteins, which can further amplify the initial signal. One example is the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) pathway, where the binding of a signal to GPCR leads to a conformation change in the receptor and the subsequent activation of an intracellular G-protein. This, in turn, exchanges a GDP bound to its alpha subunit for a GTP, initiating a signaling cascade that results in cellular response.
These signaling pathways are meticulously regulated and can lead to specific cellular outcomes based on the type of receptor and the nature of the signal molecule. The pathway includes upstream events that activate the receptor and downstream events, which are the cellular responses to the initial signal. This sequence of events ensures that cells can respond accurately to a wide array of signals from their environment.
N the process of fertilization, the _______ and _______ unite, resulting in a single cell.
Fertilization is the process in which a sperm and an egg unite to form a single cell called a zygote. This process occurs in a fallopian tube.
Explanation:Fertilization is the process in which a sperm and an egg unite to form a single cell called a zygote. This process occurs in a fallopian tube. The zygote then undergoes multiple cell divisions before it implants in the lining of the uterus.
How does the water inside plants return to the atmosphere?
Runoff
Evaporation
Precipitation
Transpiration
The right answer is transpiration.
Leaves transpirate by their stomata, small pores that connect the inside of the leaf with the external environment. The plant thus uses phenomena of variations of the opening of the stomata.
Transpiration plays a major role in the water absorption of the plant. It is in fact largely thanks to it that the sap rises in the xylem.
How many known species of vertebrates are there?
Answer:
About 59,811 ,if you break that up it would look like this...
6,199 Amphibians
30,000 Fish
9,956 Birds
8,240 Reptiles
and 5,416 Mammals.
Explanation:
What structural modifications of the proximal convoluted tubule cells enhance their ability to reabsorb substances?
The proximal convoluted tubule cells have a brush border of microvilli to increase surface area and high mitochondria concentration for ATP production, aiding in efficient reabsorption of substances. Tight junctions between cells also allow selective reabsorption. These structural modifications enhance their ability to reabsorb ions, nutrients, and water.
The proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) cells have several structural modifications that enhance their ability to reabsorb substances efficiently. One key feature is the presence of a brush border on the luminal surface, which is composed of numerous microvilli. These microvilli significantly increase the surface area, allowing for maximal reabsorption of ions, nutrients, and water. Additionally, the cells of the PCT possess a high concentration of mitochondria to supply the necessary ATP for active transport processes. Tight junctions between these cells permit selective reabsorption while maintaining a barrier that controls the paracellular movement of small ions.The inflammatory response increases the temperature of a skin cell above its normal range. This prevents the cell from quickly performing certain enzyme-catalyzed reactions. Why would this occur?
High temperatures denature the enzyme, slowing the reaction.
High temperatures denature the substrate, slowing the reaction.
High temperatures denature the enzyme, ending the reaction.
High temperatures denature the substrate, ending the reaction.
Answer:
As the temperature of a skin cell increases it causes denaturation of enzymes thereby slowing the reaction.
Explanation:
Enzyme activity is affected by change in temperature. All enzymes are protein in nature and with increase in temperature it causes denaturation of protein structure. If the protein denatures it results in loss of active sites where the substrate molecules must bind to get converted to product. During denaturation the tertiary and secondary structure of proteins is lost.
As we know that the role of enzymes is to increase the reaction rates, so in the absence of enzymes the reaction rate will be slowed down but doesn't ends the reaction.
__________ is needed in the body to make vitamin d, bile acids, and cortisol.
Final answer:
Cholesterol is essential for producing vitamin D, bile acids, and cortisol. It is synthesized in the liver and converted to vitamin D in the skin upon UV exposure. It is also necessary for the formation of bile salts that aid in fat absorption and is a critical component of cellular membranes.
Explanation:
Cholesterol is needed in the body to make vitamin D, bile acids, and cortisol. This steroid is synthesized by the liver and is a crucial precursor for many hormones, including testosterone and estradiol. It plays a significant role in the synthesis of vitamin D by serving as the starting material for the compound's production in the skin upon exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Furthermore, cholesterol is the starting point for the formation of bile salts necessary for the emulsification of fats, allowing for their absorption by cells.
Despite its bad reputation, cholesterol is essential for the body's proper functioning, serving as a component of cell membranes. Vitamin D synthesis begins in the skin where cholesterol is converted to cholecalciferol by UV radiation. It is then metabolized in the liver and kidneys to its active form, which is vital for calcium and phosphorus homeostasis and bone health.
Moreover, vitamin D, synthesized by the skin, aids the immune system by enhancing the absorption of calcium critical for healthy bones and cellular functions. This synthesis is a cooperative effort between the skin and digestive system, reflecting the interplay between various body systems to maintain homeostasis and ensure proper immune responses.
Describe one way that this event would affect the biosphere or the geosphere.
Messages inside neurons are transmitted in electrical form. however, messages traveling between neurons utilize chemicals called
Phytoplankton are plantlike microorganisms that live on the water's surface in aquatic biomes. As photosynthesis organisms, phytoplanton produce much of Earth's oxygen as a byproduct. Explain the ecological impact of a decline in phytoplankton by providing examples from the organism through the ecosystem levels of organism.
Tara is in her final month of pregnancy. she is writing a birth plan and would like to know how the use of epidural analgesia might impact her baby. you can tell tara that exposed newborns tend to
How do different populations maintain community stability and diversity?