The total combined mass of carbon dioxide and water produced from the combustion of 22 kg of gasoline is 198 kg.
Explanation:The total combined mass of carbon dioxide and water produced can be calculated by balancing the chemical equation of the combustion of gasoline and determining the molar ratios. From the given information, when 22 kg of gasoline burns, 86 kg of oxygen is consumed. Using the balanced equation, we can calculate the molar ratio between gasoline and carbon dioxide and water as follows:
2 mol of gasoline produces 8 mol of carbon dioxide and 10 mol of water.
Therefore, the total combined mass of carbon dioxide and water produced is 8/2 * 22 kg = 88 kg of carbon dioxide and 10/2 * 22 kg = 110 kg of water. So, the total combined mass of carbon dioxide and water produced is 88 + 110 = 198 kg.
Which situation would result in a theory being replaced rather than revised?
Advent of new information that poses challenges to existing theories would result in a theory being replaced rather than revised.
What is theory?Theory is defined as a thoughtful explanation which is provided for observations which is constructed using scientific methods.The theory brings together many facts and hypothesis.
It is called as theory as it provides some set of assumptions initially which provide description to the field's approach to the subject.These are elementary theorems of a particular theory.It is a rational type of thinking about a set of observations.
They may be scientific,or non scientific or have no discipline at all.There are three types of theory:1) scientific, 2)philosophical and 3) moral.It provides explanation regarding the underlying mechanisms .
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How many xenon atoms are contained in 2.36 moles of xenon? 3.92 x 1024 xenon atoms 2.55 x 1023 xenon atoms 1.42 x 1024 xenon atoms 7.91 x 1025 xenon atoms 1.87 x 1026 xenon atoms?
The number of atoms can be calculated by multiplying the number of moles with the Avogadros number. The Avogadros number is 6.022 x 10^23 atoms / moles, therefore:
number of atoms = 2.36 moles * 6.022 x 10^23 atoms / mole
number of atoms = 1.42 x 10^24 atoms
Answer:
1.42 x 10^24 xenon atoms
Answer:
c
Explanation:
because its c
A student sets up two reactions. reaction 1 uses 0.130 mol/l of reactant, and reaction 2 uses 0.440 mol/l of reactant. how many times faster is reaction 2 compared to reaction 1?
Reaction 2 is 3.385 times faster compared to reaction 1
Further explanationThe reaction rate (v) shows the change in the concentration of the substance (changes in addition to concentrations for reaction products or changes in concentration reduction for reactants) per unit time.
Can be formulated:
Reaction: aA ---> bB
[tex]\large{\boxed{\boxed{\bold{v~=~-\frac{\Delta A}{\Delta t}}}}[/tex]
or
[tex]\large{\boxed{\boxed{\bold{v~=~+\frac{\Delta B}{\Delta t}}}}[/tex]
A = reagent
B = product
v = reaction rate
t = reaction time
For A + B reactions ---> C + D
Reaction speed can be formulated:
[tex]\large{\boxed{\boxed{\bold{v~=~k.[A]^a[B]^b}}}[/tex]
where
v = reaction speed, M / s
k = constant, mol¹⁻⁽ᵃ⁺ᵇ⁾. L⁽ᵃ⁺ᵇ⁾⁻¹. S⁻¹
a = reaction order to A
b = reaction order to B
[A] = [B] = concentration of substances
Reaction 1 uses 0.130 mol / l of reactant, and reaction 2 uses 0.440 mol / l of reactant.
Assuming a reaction order is one then:
reaction rate 1 =
v₁ = k. [A]
v₁ = k. 0.130
reaction rate 2 =
v₂ = k. [B]
v₂ = k. 0.440, so that
[tex]\frac{v_2}{v_1}~=~k.\frac{0.440}{0.130}[/tex]
[tex]\frac{v_2}{v_1}~=~3,385[/tex]
v₂ = 3.385. v₁
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The rate of reaction 2 is approximately 3.38 times faster than reaction 1, assuming that it is a first-order reaction where the rate is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactant.
Explanation:The student is comparing the rates of two reactions with different initial concentrations of reactants. To determine how many times faster reaction 2 is compared to reaction 1, it is essential to understand the order of the reaction. In this context, it is suggested that the reaction is first order since rates of reaction are directly proportional to the concentration of the reactant, which follows the rate law rate = k[Reactant]. Therefore, if we double the concentration of the reactant, the reaction rate doubles, which is a characteristic of a first-order reaction. Hence, without needing explicit rate constants or measurements, we can infer that if the concentration of reactant in reaction 2 is 0.440 mol/L, which is roughly 3.38 times the concentration in reaction 1 (0.130 mol/L), the rate of reaction 2 would also be 3.38 times faster than reaction 1.
In the compound sodium methoxide (naoch3), there is ________ bonding
When scientists looked at the polarity of bands of rock on either side of the mid-ocean ridges, what did they find? A. that there was no pattern B. that the patterns were different C. that the polarities were at right angles D. that the patterns of polarity matched up on both sides
Answer:
B. that the patterns were different
Explanation:
When the scientist looked at the oceanic ridges at the surface they found on either side were the polarity of bands of rocks as on either side of the oceanic ridges where the positive and negative anomalies. Being composed of hard and soft rocks, these tend to have been in strips of black and white bands or rocks aligned due to the upwelling of new lava on the sides of the ridges throughout the evolutionary history of the planet. Polarities have also been documented to have been aligned in coordination with earth magnetic poles, Being basaltic these rocks have varying ages as older rocks are found away from the mid-oceanic ridges due to the impact of spreading out of lava or magma.How would the results differ if you added sodium p-toluate instead of p-toluic acid to the two-layered mixture of?
G brønsted-lowry proton transfer reaction, hydroxide functions as a/an ______.
In a bronsted lowry proton transfer reaction, the hydroxide functions as a/an proton acceptor.
Bases are the opposite of acids. Bases are basic since they take or accept protons. For example, a Hydroxide ion can accept a proton to form water.
Answer:
Base
Explanation:
A Brønsted-Lowry acid is simply a compound that supplies a hydrogen ion in a reaction. A Brønsted-Lowry base on the other hand, is a compound that accepts a hydrogen ion in a reaction.
Thus, the Brønsted-Lowry definitions of an acid and a base focus on the movement of hydrogen ions in a reaction, rather than on the production of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions in an aqueous solution.
The hydroxide ion in these compounds accepts a proton (Hydrogen ion) from acids to form water: This means shydroxides functions as a base.
If you add meoh to cocl2(alc)2, the cocl2(alc)2 concentration will change. what are the two reasons for this concentration change?
What is the ratio of [a–]/[ha] at ph 3.75? the pka of formic acid (methanoic acid, h–cooh) is 3.75?
The formula for pH given the pKa and the concentrations are:
pH = pKa + log [a–]/[ha]
Therefore calculating:
3.75 = 3.75 + log [a–]/[ha]
log [a–]/[ha] = 0
[a–]/[ha] = 10^0
[a–]/[ha] = 1
Answer:
[tex]\frac{[A^-]}{[HA]}=1[/tex]
Explanation:
Hello,
In this case, one state the following relationship among the pH, pKa and the [a–]/[ha] ratio for the formic acid:
[tex]\frac{[A^-]}{[HA]}=\frac{Ka}{[H^+]}[/tex]
In such a way, we compute both the concentration of hydrogen ions and the acid's dissociation constant as:
[tex][H^+]=10^{-pH}=10^{-3.75}=1.78x10^{-4}M[/tex]
[tex]Ka=10^{-Ka}=10^{-3.75}=1.78x10^{-4}[/tex]
Thus, the [a–]/[ha] ratio becomes:
[tex]\frac{[A^-]}{[HA]}=\frac{1.78x10^{-4}}{1.78x10^{-4}}\\\frac{[A^-]}{[HA]}=1[/tex]
Best regards.
A 155g sample of copper was heated to 150.0 degrees Celsius, then placed into 250.0g water at 19.8 degrees Celsius. Calculate the final temperature of the mixture
The Final temperature of the mixture is -10.54 °C.
Heat lost by copper = heat gained by the water
Formula:
CM(z-y) = cm(y-x)................. equation 1
Where:
C = Specific heat capacity of copperM = mass of coppery = Final temperature of the mixturez = Initial temperature of the copperc = specific heat capacity of waterm = mass of waterx = Initial temperature of waterMake y the subject of the equation:
y = (CMz-cmx)/(CM+cm)............. Equation 2From the question,
Given:
M = 155 g = 0.155 kgm = 250 g = 0.25 kgz = 150°Cx = 19.8°CC = 389 J/kg.Kc = 4182 J/kg.KSubstitute these values into equation 2
y = [(389×0.155×150)-(4182×0.25×19.8)]/[(389×0.155)+(4182×0.25)y = (9044.25-20700.9)/(60.295+1045.5)y = -11656.65/1105.795y = -10.54 °CHence, The Final temperature of the mixture is -10.54 °C
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physical or chemical change. metal surface that becomes dull on exposure to air
which of the following would be the SI unit to use in the measuring the temperature of a hot liquid? A: ampere B: Mole C: Kelvin D: celsius
Hey, I know i'm too late but the answer is
C. Kelvin
Kelvin is the correct SI unit used to measure the temperature of substance.
Hope this somewhat helps! :)
Which of these activities might involve a chemist?
You wish to calculate the mass of hydrogen gas that can be prepared from 5.06 g of srh2 and 4.34 g of h2o.
In order to simulate epipelagic zone conditions in a model aquarium design, what light and temperature conditions would be required?A) Minimal amount of sunlight, warm temperature
B) Minimal amount of sunlight, cold temperature
C)High amount of sunlight, cold temperature
high amounts of sunlight cold temperature
A minimal amount of sunlight, and cold temperature is the conditions seen in an aquarium. So the correct option is B.
What is an aquarium?Aquarium, freshwater or marine receptacle for aquatic animals, or a facility where a group of aquatic organisms is shown or researched
Many of the world's major cities now feature both public and commercial aquariums. Another category includes aquariums that primarily function as research facilities. Among the most well-known are those at Naples, the Oceanographic Museum of Monaco, the Plymouth Marine Laboratory in England, and the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in La Jolla, California. Transient aquariums that have functioned as displays at world fairs and expositions are another kind.
Marineland, the first oceanarium or huge marine aquarium, was founded as a private venture near St. Augustine, Fla., in 1938, with a massive communal fish pond and trained dolphins. The Miami Seaquarium is similar. The emphasis in this form of the aquarium is really on large containers, up to 1,000,000 gallons in size, in which a wide variety of fishes are housed together with no attempt to segregate them. Most exhibits at a formal aquarium (for example, the Shedd Aquarium in Chicago) divide the different varieties of fish.
Therefore the correct option is B.
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The rock had a mass of 500g and a density of 10 g/cm3. What is the volume of the rock
A 13.2 mL rock weighs 47.6 g. Determine it's density. (Show ALL Work)
Answer: The density of rock is 3.60 g/mL
Explanation:
To calculate density of a substance, we use the equation:
[tex]\text{Density of a substance}=\frac{\text{Mass of a substance}}{\text{Volume of a substance}}[/tex]
We are given:
Mass of rock = 47.6 g
Volume of rock = 13.2 mL
Putting values in above equation, we get:
[tex]\text{Density of rock}=\frac{47.6g}{13.2mL}\\\\\text{Density of rock}=3.60g/mL[/tex]
Hence, the density of rock is 3.60 g/mL
how is osmosis different from diffusion?
Any proposed solution of a rational equation that causes a denominator to equal _______ is rejected.
Any rational equation that the denominator is equal to zero will be rejected. The denominator of the rational equation must never be equal to zero. These are called Extraneous Roots and this must be rejected. The extraneous roots appear when we are solving an equation in a perfectly correct way, because certain operations have more than one solution.
If you added 1.0 ml of the unknown pb(no3)2 to a test tube, what is the amount of hi in ml
9898978979777898987878788787878778788887878787787
A curve showing the relationship between temperature and time for a given amount of liquid heated a constant rate is a __________ curve. a. heating c. liquid b. molar d. energy
How many molecules are in 2.50 moles of SO2
Every compound or element has a fixed number of molecules per mole. This is given by the Avogadros number which is about 6.022 x 10^23 molecules per mole. Therefore:
molecules = 2.50 moles * (6.022 x 10^23 molecules / mole)
molecules = 1.5055 x 10^24 molecules of SO2
Final answer:
To find the number of molecules in 2.50 moles of sulfur dioxide (SO₂), multiply 2.50 moles by Avogadro's number (6.022 x 10²³ molecules/mole), resulting in 1.506 x 10²⁴ molecules of SO₂.
Explanation:
The question of how many molecules are in 2.50 moles of SO₂ (sulfur dioxide) can be answered by using Avogadro's number, which is a key concept in chemistry. Avogadro's number (6.022 × 10²³) represents the number of entities, in this case, molecules, in one mole of a substance.
Therefore, to find out how many molecules are present in 2.50 moles of SO₂, we multiply the moles of SO₂ by Avogadro's number.
2.50 moles of SO₂ × 6.022 × 10²³ molecules/mole = 1.506 × 10²⁴ molecules of SO₂.
High-purity silicon is obtained using a three-step process. the first step involves heating solid silicon dioxide, sio2, with solid carbon to give solid silicon and carbon monoxide gas. in the second step, solid silicon is converted into liquid silicon tetrachloride, sicl4, by treating it with chlorine gas. in the last step, sicl4 is treated with hydrogen gas to give ultrapure solid silicon and hydrogen chloride gas. part a write balanced chemical equations for the first step involved in this three-step process. express your answer as a chemical equation. identify all of the phases in your answer.
What is the effective nuclear charge experienced by the 2p and 3p electrons of a chlorine atom, respectively?
Effective nuclear charge by 2p = 13.35
Effective nuclear charge by 3p = 6.1
Further explanation
The effective nuclear charge is the nuclear charge which is influenced by the shielding effect of electrons
The effective nuclear charge (Zeff) can be formulated as:
[tex]\large{\boxed{\bold{Z_{eff}\:=\:Z\:-\:S}}}[/tex]
with
Z = nuclear charge = atomic number
S = shield constant
Shielding constants are constants that are generated from the core attraction of electrons in the inner skin
Rules for calculating shield constants
1. Electrons in orbitals are grouped according to skin/ 1s / 2s, 2p / 3s, 3p / 3d / 4s, 4p / 4d / 4f / 5s, 5p / 5d / 5f /
2. Electrons to the right of the electron studied by shield constants = 03. The electron to the left of the electron is studied by its shield constant:* Electrons in the same shell shielding effects = 0.35
* Electrons in the skin have deeper shielding effects = 0.85
* Electrons in the skin are deeper than shielding effects = 1.00
On Cl atom which have electron configurations:
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁵
1. if we view the initial charge at 2p then the configuration1s² 2s² 2p⁶
the electron to the right of 2p does not have a shielding effect
so the shield constant:
S = 0.35. 8 + 0.85.1
S = 3.65
Zeff = Z - S
Zeff = 17 - 3.65 = 13.35
2. if we view the initial charge at 3p then the configuration1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁵
because 3p⁵ then only 4 electrons are counted so there are 2 + 4 = 6 electrons in the skin 3
so the shield constant:
S = 0.35 x 6 + 0.85 x 8 + 1 x 2
S = 10.9
Zeff = 17-10.9 = 6.1
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The effective nuclear charge can be calculated from Slater's rules.
According to Slater's rule, the effective nuclear charge is obtained from;
Zeff = Z - S
Zeff = effective nuclear charge
Z = nuclear charge
S = screening
Note that;
Electrons in ns and np orbitals have S = 0.35Electrons in the penultimate shell (n - 1) has S = 0.85Electrons in (n - 2) shell has S = 1.00For a 2p chlorine electron;
Chlorine has electron configuration, 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5
S = 7(0.35) + 2(0.85) = 2.45 + 1.7 = 4.15
The total nuclear charge of chlorine Z = 17
Zeff = 17 - 4.15
Zeff = 12.85
For the 3p electron;
S = 6(0.35) + 8(0.85) + 2(1.00)
S = 2.1 + 6.8 + 2 = 10.9
Zeff = 17 - 10.9
Zeff = 6.1
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Cracking the periodic table code why aren't the elements listed in alphabetical order answer key
The elements in the periodice table are not listed in alphabetical order, because the arragement in rows (periods) and columns (groups or familes), in increasing order of atomic number (number of protons of the atoms) permits to explain similarities among the elements, trend in some properties, and even predict properties of unknown elements.
For example, the elements of the first group (family), called alkaline metals, all have 1 valence electron, have similar physical properties (ductibility, malleability, luster, thermal and electricity conductivity), react in similar way with water, show a trend in the atomic radii and in the ionization energy.
You can tell similar stories for other groups like, alkalyne earth metals, halogens and noble gases.
You can also tell trends in electroneativities, and atomic radii, for a row of elements, as per the order they are in the row.
So, the current array resulted very helpul for chemists to explain and predict the behavior and properties of the elements.
The periodic table of elements is organized based on chemical properties and atomic structure, not in alphabetical order. Elements are arranged in ascending order of their atomic numbers, and elements in the same group have similar chemical properties.
Explanation:The elements on the periodic table are not listed in alphabetical order, but instead they are organized based on their chemical properties and atomic structure. This organization makes it easier to understand and predict how different elements will react with each other. The elements are arranged in ascending order based on their atomic number, which is the number of protons in an atom's nucleus. Elements in the same group (vertical column) have similar chemical properties because they have the same number of electrons in their outer shell.
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Indicate which reaction will occur faster. explain your reasoning. select the single best answer. solvolysis of 1−chloro−2,2−dimethylpropane or tert−butyl chloride in ethanol
The solvolysis of 1−chloro−2,2−dimethylpropane (also known as tert-butyl chloride) will occur faster than the reaction of tert-butyl chloride in ethanol due to the greater stability of the resulting carbocation.
Explanation:The solvolysis of 1−chloro−2,2−dimethylpropane (also known as tert-butyl chloride) will occur faster than the reaction of tert-butyl chloride in ethanol. The reason is because 1-chloro-2,2-dimethylpropane is a tertiary alkyl halide, which means it has a highly substituted carbon atom attached to the halide. This high substitution stabilizes the transition state via hyperconjugation, thereby significantly accelerating solvolysis.
This implies that the rate of reaction is directly proportional to the stability of the carbocation formed during solvolysis; tertiary carbocations are more stable than secondary ones due to hyperconjugation and inductive effect. Therefore, tertiary halides undergo solvolysis more readily than secondary halides.
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The phosphate functional group in the non cyclic amp molecule answer
AMP is a nucleotide which stands for Adenosine monophosphate and it is also known as 5'-adenylic acid. It can exist as a cyclic adenosine monophosphate molecule and non cyclic adenosine monophosphate.
Which action is not an example of work
Using the mass of the proton 1.0073 amu and assuming its diameter is 1.0×10−15m, calculate the density of a proton in g/cm3.
Answer : [tex] 3.2 X 10^{15} g/cm^{3} [/tex]
Explanation : To convert amu i.e. atomic mass unit in grams we have the conversion factor as 1 amu = [tex] 1.66054 X 10^{-24} g [/tex]
we know the mass of the proton is 1.0073 amu
So converting it into grams we have to multiply;
1.0073 amu X [tex] 1.66054 X 10^{-24} g/amu [/tex] = [tex] 1.673 X 10^{-24} g [/tex]
Now, Volume = 1/6πd³ as diameter is given as [tex] 1.0 X 10^{-15} m [/tex] converting it to cm will require to multiply with 100
∴ Volume = 1/6π [tex](1.0 X 10^{-15}mX 100 cm / 1 m)^{3} [/tex]
Hence, volume = [tex] 5.236 X 10^{-40} cm^{3} [/tex]
Therefore, Density = mass / volume
∴ Density = [tex] 1.673 X 10^{-24} g / 5.236 X 10^{-40} cm^{3} [/tex]
Therefore, Density will be [tex] 3.2 X 10^{15} g/cm^{3} [/tex].
The density of a proton in g / cm₃ = 3.19.10⁻¹⁵
Further explanationAtoms are composed of 3 types of basic particles namely protons, electrons, and neutrons
the mass of the basic particle is expressed in units of atomic mass
This atomic unit uses the standard atomic mass, that is, the C-12 isotope
1 atom C-12 = 12 atomic mass units
1 atomic mass unit = 1/12 x mass 1 C-12 atom
1 unit of atomic mass = 1.66.10 ⁻²⁴ g
the basic particle mass in atomic mass units is:
electron mass = 9.11.10⁻²⁸ g
proton mass = 1.6726.10⁻²⁴ g
neutron mass = 1,675.10⁻²⁴ g
The proton mass is considered to be equal to 1 atomic mass unit and is also considered to be equal to 1 atomic mass unit
1 unit of atomic mass = 1.6726.10⁻²⁴ g = 1.6726.10⁻²⁷kg
Density is a quantity derived from the mass and volume
density is the ratio of mass per unit volume
The unit of density can be expressed in g / cm³ or kg / m3³
Density formula:
[tex]\large {\boxed {\bold {\rho ~ = ~ \frac {m} {V}}}}[/tex]
ρ = density
m = mass
v = volume
Assume protons as spheres
with a diameter of 1.0 × 10⁻¹⁵m = 1.0.10⁻¹³ cm
then the volume = 4/3 π r³ or 1/6πd³
proton volume = 1 / 6π(1.0 × 10⁻¹³)³
proton volume = 5.23.10⁻⁴⁰
density becomes:
density = mass: volume
density = 1.6726.10⁻²⁴: 5.23.10⁻⁴⁰
density = 3.19.10⁻¹⁵ g/cm³
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If a hydrogen atom gains an electron, then