Alternate forms of a gene that lead to alternative traits are called

Answer:

The correct answer would be TT and Tt.

According to the law of dominance, the trait which gets expressed in the heterozygous condition is termed as dominant trait.

The allele of a gene which is expressed in heterozygous condition is symbolized by capital letter.

For example, the allele responsible for tallness of a plant can be symbolized by "T".

Thus, the genotype of a gene responsible for the tallness of a plant can either be TT (homozygous) or Tt (heterozygous).

Liver cells in a person suffering from chronic alcoholism can develop fatty liver disease, experience inflammation and swelling, or irreversible scarring (cirrhosis), all of which impede liver function. Increased cancer risk can also be a consequence.

In someone suffering from chronic alcoholism, significant changes could be observed in their liver cells. One expected alteration is the accumulation of fat in liver cells, a condition known as fatty liver disease. This occurs as the liver struggles with processing the excess alcohol, resulting in an overproduction of fat. Another change could be inflammation and swelling of the liver - a condition termed alcoholic hepatitis. Prolonged effects may lead to irreversible damage known as cirrhosis, characterized by scarring of the liver tissue and impeded liver function. Liver cells damaged this way can also have an increased risk of developing liver cancer.

https://brainly.com/question/34652557

#SPJ2

The correct option is A which is they carry out all basic life activities.

Bacteria are simplest organism known to exist.

This simplicity is in their structure and somehow in function also.

It does not mean they have lack of metabolism or structural features.

Instead they carry all the functions and structure which distinguish them from non living organism.

Some of these structures are:

Metabolism of bacteria:

The cell structure that functions like a school principal's office is the nucleus.

In a eukaryotic cell, the nucleus is the control center and acts much like a school principal's office.

Final answer:

Nitrogen fixation is the process by which certain bacteria and archaea convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia, a form usable by plants and other organisms. These bacteria use an enzyme called nitrogenase to carry out the fixation process, which is key to the nitrogen cycle and vital for life on Earth. Symbiotic relationships between leguminous plants and nitrogen-fixing bacteria are particularly important in agriculture.

Explanation:

Nitrogen fixation is a biological process where certain bacteria and archaea, known as diazotrophs, convert atmospheric nitrogen (N₂) into ammonia (NH₃), making it accessible to plants and other organisms. This process is vital for life on Earth, as nitrogen is a key component of essential organic molecules like proteins, DNA, and RNA. However, the abundant nitrogen gas in the atmosphere is largely inert and unavailable to most forms of life. Through the action of specific enzymes, these bacteria are able to break the strong triple bond in molecular nitrogen and fix it in a form that organisms can use to synthesize proteins and nucleic acids.

One major pathway of biological nitrogen fixation involves the enzyme nitrogenase, which catalyzes the reduction of atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia. This reaction requires a significant amount of energy, usually in the form of ATP, and is sensitive to the presence of oxygen, with many nitrogen-fixing bacteria being anaerobic to avoid oxygen inhibition of nitrogenase.

Leguminous plants, which include important agricultural crops like soybeans and peanuts, have developed symbiotic relationships with nitrogen-fixing bacteria. These bacteria reside in root nodules, an environment that protects them from oxygen while allowing them to provide fixed nitrogen directly to the plant. In return, the plant supplies carbohydrates and other nutrients to the bacteria. This symbiosis is a key contributor to nitrogen cycling in ecosystems and plays a critical role in agriculture, as it reduces the need for synthetic fertilizers.

Answer:

Option (c).

Explanation:

Biomolecules are the important organic molecules that re present in the body of living organism. Four biomolecules of living organism are carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids.

Carbohydrates are the made of the polymers of glucose. Glucose is the important energy source of the body as the hum,an cells are permeable to the glucose molecule and generates ATP. Carbohydrate acts as an important vital fuel as it contains glucose units.

Thus, the correct answer is option (c).

Generally, a fatty acid is composed of a carboxyl group and a R group.

Discussion;

The fatty acid is made up of a R-group and a Carboxyl group.

The carboxyl group is the acid-bearing portion of the fatty acid molecule.

However, the R group which may vary; determines the length of the fatty acid as this R group may be composed of long chain of carbon atoms or a short chain of carbon atoms.

This is the basis of classification of fatty acids as either Long chain or Short chain fatty acids.

Read more;

https://brainly.com/question/1524288

Fatty acids consist of a carboxyl group and a long hydrocarbon chain, usually unbranched, with an even number of carbon atoms typically between 12 to 20. They are a key component of triglycerides, where they are attached to glycerol molecules. Fatty acids are classified as saturated or unsaturated based on the presence of carbon-to-carbon double bonds.

Fatty acids are composed of a long chain of hydrocarbons and a carboxyl group. More specifically, fatty acids are carboxylic acids with an alkyl chain that is usually unbranched and contains an even number of carbon atoms, typically between 12 to 20. These long chains of hydrocarbons make up the majority of the structure of fatty acids and are crucial for the properties and functions of fats in organisms.

In terms of chemical structure, a fatty acid's long hydrocarbon chain is what gives it hydrophobic properties, allowing it to store energy effectively. When it comes to fat molecules, such as triglycerides, the fatty acids are attached to a glycerol backbone. Glycerol is an alcohol with three carbon atoms and three hydroxyl (OH) groups. Each of the three hydroxyl groups of the glycerol molecule forms an ester bond with a fatty acid, resulting in a triglyceride.

Fatty acids can be classified based on the presence or absence of carbon-to-carbon double bonds. Saturated fatty acids contain no double bonds, while unsaturated fatty acids contain one or more double bonds. This distinction affects the physical properties of the fatty acids, such as their state at room temperature and their role in nutrition and health.

Final answer:

The work of Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann provided evidence that both plant and animal tissues are composed of cells, supporting the aspects of cell theory that recognize cells as the basic unit of life and that all living things consist of one or more cells.

Explanation:

The work of Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann directly supports the part of cell theory that pertains to the universality of cells as the foundational building blocks of all plant and animal life forms. Specifically, their observations and conclusions provided empirical evidence for two critical aspects of cell theory:

Although Rudolf Virchow would later expand upon this theory to assert that all cells arise from pre-existing cells, the contributions of Schleiden and Schwann were pivotal in establishing that both plant and animal tissues are cellular in nature.

Final answer:

The work of Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann supports the part of the cell theory stating that all living things are composed of one or more cells.

Explanation:

The work of Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann directly supports the part of the cell theory that states that all living things are composed of one or more cells. Schleiden observed that plant tissues are composed of cells, while Schwann observed that animal tissues were composed of cells. Together, their work demonstrated that cells are the basic unit of life and are present in both plant and animal organisms.