If the solubility of AgNO3 is 63.7g/100 mL water and you have 5.77 g dissolved in 10 mL of water is your solution unsaturated, saturated, or super saturated? Explain and describe how this solution would look.
How many moles of oxygen are needed to completely react with 9.5 grams of sodium
Answer: 0.103 moles of oxygen
Explanation:
According to avogadro's law, 1 mole of every substance occupies 22.4 Liters at STP and contains avogadro's number [tex]6.023\times 10^{23}[/tex] of particles.
To calculate the moles, we use the equation:
[tex]\text{Number of moles}=\frac{\text{Given volume}}{\text {Molar volume}}[/tex]
[tex]\text{Number of moles of sodium}=\frac{9.5g}{23g/mol}=0.413moles[/tex]
[tex]4Na+O_2\rightarrow 2Na_2O[/tex]
According to stoichiometry:
4 moles of [tex]Na[/tex] combine completely with 1 mole of [tex]O_2[/tex] to give 2 moles of [tex]Na_2O[/tex]
Thus 0.413 moles of [tex]Na[/tex] will combine completely with=[tex]\frac{1}{4}\times 0.413=0.103[/tex] moles of [tex]O_2[/tex]
Thus 0.103 moles of oxygen are needed to completely react with 9.5 grams of sodium
An electric device delivers a current of 5 a to a device. how many electrons flow through this device in 5 s? (e = 1.60 × 10-19 c)
1.5625.10²⁰ electrons are flowing through this device in 5 s
Further explanationElectric current is the amount of electric charge that flows each unit of time
Electric current can also be a ratio between voltage and resistance
Electric current occurs due to the movement of electrons due to the difference in potential or voltage (from high potential to low potential) between two points
Electrons will flow through the conducting wire that functions as a conductor
The electric current itself can be divided into direct current (DC) or alternating current (AC)
Can be formulated:
[tex]{\displaystyle I = {\frac {Q} {t}},}[/tex]
Where
I is the electric current, Ampere (A)
Q is the electric charge, coulomb (C)
t is time, seconds (s)
An electric device delivers a current of 5 A within 5 s, so the charge is:
Q = I x t
Q = 5 x 5
Q = 25 C
Because 1 electron (e) has a charge of 1.60 × 10⁻¹⁹ C, so the total number of electrons flowing:
= 25 C: 1.60 × 10⁻¹⁹ C
= 15.625.10¹⁹
= 1.5625.10²⁰ e
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Keywords: electric current, electric charge, electrons, coulombs, amperes, seconds
I need help please The question it's on the picture
A 125 ml volume of carbon tetrachloride has a mass of 192.5g. what is the density of the liquid
Why is it reasonable to assume the specific heats of naoh and hcl solutions are the same as water?
It's reasonable to assume the specific heats of NaOH and HCL solutions are the same as water because these solutions are largely water, and the solutes blend into the solution without significantly altering its inherent properties. This assumption is commonly made in calorimetry experiments. However, this is an approximation, and exact values may deviate for solutions with high concentrations.
Explanation:It's reasonable to assume the specific heats of NaOH and HCL solutions are similar to that of water because they are largely composed of water. When HCL and NaOH (both of which are solutes) are added to water, they dissociate and blend into the solution without significantly altering the water's inherent properties, like specific heat.
We rely on this assumption when conducting calorimetry experiments. Here, we trap heat in a calorimeter to eliminate any heat transfer between the reaction solution (rxn soln) and the external environment. We then use the specific heat of water to help calculate the heat either absorbed or released during the reaction.
Examples for this assumption include calculations where the enthalpy change of reactions involving HCL and NaOH are measured, or where their mass or heat capacity are considered and observed to result similarly as with water. However, it's also important to note that this is an approximation, and exact values may deviate for solutions with higher concentrations.
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When a compound containing c, h, and o is completely combusted in air, what reactant besides the hydrocarbon is involved in the reaction? express your answer as a chemical formula. identify the phase in your answer?
When a compound containing c, h, and o is completely combusted in air, the reactant besides the hydrocarbon that is involved in the reaction is, O2(g).
Hydrocarbons burn in air to form water and carbon dioxide as the only products.
Further Explanation Hydrocarbons Hydrocarbons are types of compounds that are mostly made up of hydrogen and carbon elements. However other hydrocarbons are made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen elements. The major types of hydrocarbons include, alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, alcohols, and alkanoic acids. Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons while alkenes and alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms. Alcohols and alkanoic acids contains hydrogen, oxygen and carbon atoms. Combustion of Hydrocarbons Hydrocarbons burn in air to form carbon dioxide and water as the only products.
That is;
For hydrocarbons with carbon and hydrogen
CxHy + O2(g) = CO2(g) + H2O(g)For the compound containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
CxHyOn + O2 = CO2(g) + H2O(l)Examples
Propane which is an alkane burns in air to form water and mineral salt.
C3H8(g) + O2(g) = CO2(g) + H2O(l)
Ethanol is a hydrocarbon in the homologous series of alcohols. It burns in air to form carbon(IV)oxide and water.
C2H5OH(l) + 3O2(g) = 2CO2(g) + 3H2O(l)
Keywords: Combustion, hydrocarbons
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Level: High school
Subject: Chemistry
Topic: Organic chemistry
Sub-topic: Combustion of hydrocarbons
In the reaction Na2CO3 + 2HCl → 2NaCl + CO2 + H2O, how many grams of CO2 are produced when 7.5 moles of HCl is fully reacted?
165.04 grams of CO2 will be produced when 7.5 moles of HCl is fully reacted with Na2CO3 according to the balanced chemical equation provided, using stoichiometry and the molar mass of CO2.
Calculating the Mass of CO2
To find out how many grams of CO2 are produced when 7.5 moles of HCl is fully reacted, we will use the given balanced chemical equation and stoichiometry. The balanced equation is Na2CO3 + 2HCl
ightarrow 2NaCl + CO2 + H2O. According to the stoichiometry of the equation, 2 moles of HCl will produce 1 mole of CO2. Since we have 7.5 moles of HCl, this would react to produce 7.5 / 2 = 3.75 moles of CO2.
The molar mass of CO2 is 44.01 g/mol. So to convert moles of CO2 to grams, we multiply the number of moles by the molar mass: 3.75 moles imes 44.01 g/mol = 165.0375 grams of CO2. Therefore, 165.04 grams of CO2 (rounded to two decimal places) will be produced when 7.5 moles of HCl is fully reacted.
Aluminum sulfide reacts with water to form aluminum hydroxide and hydrogen sulfide. identify all of the phases in your answer
Starting with 0.250l of a buffer solution containing 0.250 m benzoic acid (c6h5cooh) and 0.20 m sodium benzoate (c6h5coona), what will the ph of the solution be after the addition of 25.0 ml of 0.100m hcl? (ka (c6h5cooh) = 6.5 x 10-5)
Answer: New pH will be 4.06 .
Explanation: The problem could easily be solved using Handerson equation. Handerson equaton is used to calculate the pH of buffer solution.
[tex]pH=pK_a+log(\frac{base}{acid})[/tex]
For the given problem, the buffer solution is a mixture of a weak acid(benzoic acid) and a salt of it, known as conjugate base(sodium benzoate).
When a strong acid is added to the buffer solution then it reacts with the base(benzoate ion) present in the buffer solution and produce a the weak acid(benzoic acid).
The reaction could be shown as:
[tex]C_6H_5COO^-(aq)+H^+(aq)\rightleftharpoons C_6H_5COOH(aq)[/tex]
First of all we calculate the initial moles of acid and base originally present in the buffer solution and for this the volume is multiplied by the molarity.
initial moles of benzoic acid = [tex]0.250L(\frac{0.250mol}{1L})[/tex]
= 0.0625 moles
initial moles of benzoate ion = [tex]0.250L(\frac{0.20mol}{1L})[/tex]
= 0.0500 moles
moles of HCl or [tex]H^+[/tex] added to the buffer = [tex]25.0mL(\frac{1L}{1000mL})(\frac{0.100mol}{1L})[/tex]
= 0.0025 moles
From the equation we have written above, HCl and benzoate ion react in 1:1 mol ratio. As HCl is limiting reactant, 0.0025 moles of it will react with exactly 0.0025 moles of benzoate ion and form 0.0025 moles of benzoic acid.
So, the moles of benzoic acid after addtion of HCl = 0.0625 + 0.0025 = 0.065 moles
moles of benzoate ion after addition of HCl = 0.0500 - 0.0025 = 0.0475 moles
Total volume of the solution = 0.250 L + 0.025 L = 0.275 L
concentration of benzoic acid = [tex]\frac{0.065mol}{0.275L}[/tex]
= 0.236M
concentration of benzoate ion = [tex]\frac{0.0475mol}{0.275L}[/tex]
= 0.173M
Pka is calcuulated from the given Ka value as:
[tex]pK_a=-logK_a[/tex]
[tex]pk_a=-log(6.5*10^-^5)[/tex]
[tex]pK_a[/tex] = 4.19
Let's plug in the values in the Handerson equation:
[tex]pH=4.19+log(\frac{0.173}{0.236})[/tex]
pH = 4.19 - 0.13
pH = 4.06
So, the pH of the solution after an addition of HCl will be 4.06 .
As temperature increases, the ______________ of marble will also increase
Final answer:
The reactivity of marble increases with temperature due to the enlargement of calcite crystals and the recrystallization of the rock. Increased temperature can lead to a faster chemical reaction rate, especially with powdered marble, which has a larger surface area exposed for reactions.
Explanation:
As temperature increases, the reactivity of marble will also increase. Marble is comprised mainly of calcite, which is altered under heat or pressure to form calcium carbonate. When marble is exposed to high temperatures, such as around 400°C, and various confining pressures, its calcite crystals tend to grow larger and the rock recrystallizes, essentially transforming the limestone base into a denser and typically white rock, often with colorful markings due to impurities.
Moreover, the reaction rate with marble in chemical processes can be influenced by temperature and the physical form of the marble. For instance, powdered marble, with its increased surface area, reacts faster than larger marble chips. The smaller the marble particles, the more surface molecules are exposed, facilitating a quicker reaction when the temperature is raised.
Thus, in contexts such as artistic sculpting or architectural use, where marble's durability and aesthetic qualities are prized, understanding the impact of temperature on its reactivity and structure is crucial.
Phosphorus has the molecular formula p4, and sulfur has the molecular formula s8. how many grams of phosphorus contain the same number of molecules as 7.88 g of sulfur?
To find the grams of phosphorus that contain the same number of molecules as 7.88 g of sulfur, use the concept of molar mass and Avogadro's number.
Explanation:To determine the grams of phosphorus that contain the same number of molecules as 7.88 g of sulfur, we need to use the concept of molar mass and Avogadro's number. First, we calculate the number of moles of sulfur by dividing its mass by its molar mass. Then, we use the molar ratio between sulfur and phosphorus from their molecular formulas to calculate the number of moles of phosphorus. Finally, we multiply the number of moles of phosphorus by its molar mass to obtain the grams of phosphorus.
Step 1: Calculate the moles of sulfur:
moles of sulfur = mass of sulfur / molar mass of sulfur
Step 2: Calculate the moles of phosphorus:
moles of phosphorus = moles of sulfur × (molar ratio of phosphorus/sulfur)
Step 3: Calculate the grams of phosphorus:
grams of phosphorus = moles of phosphorus × molar mass of phosphorus
After performing these calculations using the given values, the grams of phosphorus that contain the same number of molecules as 7.88 g of sulfur is obtained.
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Which are the more common types of solutions?
Solid solutions are formed only by solutes and solid solvents. In everyday life, the main examples of this type of solution are metallic alloys.
2) Liquid Solutions
Liquid solutions have liquid solvent, usually water, and solutes can be solid, liquid or gaseous.
3) Gaseous solutions
This kind of solution is formed by the only mixture of gases. Air is an example, as its approximate composition is 78% nitrogen gas, 21% oxygen gas and 1% of other gases.
A sealed container holds 0.020 moles of nitrogen (n2) gas, at a pressure of 1.5 atmospheres and a temperature of 290 k. the atomic mass of nitrogen is 14.0 g/mol. the boltzmann constant is 1.38 × 10-23 j/k and the ideal gas constant is r = 8.314 j/ mol · k = 0.0821 l · atm/mol · k. the mass density of the gas is closest to
To find the density of the nitrogen gas, we use the equation of state for ideal gases, PV=nRT and rearrange it to find Volume. We also calculate the mass of gas using the number of moles and molar mass. Finally, we get the density of nitrogen gas as 1.4 g/L.
Explanation:To find the mass density of this nitrogen gas, we will use the equation of state for ideal gases given as PV=nRT. Where:
P is the pressure (given as 1.5 atm),V is the volume which we need to find,n is the number of moles (0.020 moles of N2),R is the universal gas constant (given as 0.0821 l · atm/mol · k),T is the temperature in Kelvin (290 K).First, we rearrange the equation to solve for V (Volume): V = nRT/P. Substituting the given values, we find that volume V = (0.020 mol)(0.0821 l·atm/mol·K)(290 K) / 1.5 atm = 0.40 L.
Now, we compute the mass of the nitrogen gas. We know that the molar mass of molecular nitrogen N₂ is 28.01 g/mol, so the mass m of the gas is m = n*M = (0.020 mol)(28.01 g/mol) = 0.56 g.
Finally to get the density we take Density (ρ) = mass/volume = 0.56 g / 0.40 L = 1.4 g/L.
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A solution's ph is a measure of what? strength or weakness acid dissociation constant hydronium ion concentration molarity percent composition
The pH is the potential of Hydrogen is a scale that is used to specify the acidity. In the acidic solution of H+ ions, the scale is logarithmic and indicates the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution.
The pH value at 25° C is less than 7 is acidic. Those values greater than 7 are basic and those with just 7 are neutral like water.Hence the option C that is hydronium ion concentration is correct.
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What would indicate that a physical change takes place when copper is drawn into wire
Explanation:
A physical change is defined as a change that does not bring any difference in chemical composition of a substance.
For example, shape, size, mass, volume, density, etc of a substance are all physical properties.
So, when copper is drawn into wire then there will occur change in its shape but there will not be any change in its chemical composition.
Whereas when a change in chemical composition of a substance occurs then it is known as a chemical change.
Hence, we can conclude that change in the shape of copper when it is drawn into wire indicates a physical change.
A fixed amount of gas occupies a volume of 7.25 l at a pressure of 4.52 atm. what will be the volume occupied if the pressure is decreased to 1.21 atm at constant temperature?
The volume occupied if the pressure is decreased to 1.21 atm at constant temperature is 27.08 L
Data obtained from the questionInitial volume (V₁) = 7.25 LInitial pressure (P₁) = 4.52 atmTemperature = ConstantNew pressure (P₂) = 1.21 atmNew Volume (V₂) =? How to determine the new volumeThe new volume of the gas can be obtained by using the Boyle's law equation as illustrated below:
P₁V₁ = P₂V₂
4.52 × 7.25 = 1.21 × V₂
Divide both sides by 1.21
V₂ = (4.52 × 7.25) / 1.21
V₂ = 27.08 L
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Calculate the hydroxide ion concentration for an aqueous solution that has a ph of 3.45
The hydroxide ion concentration for a solution with a pH of 3.45 can be calculated as 10^-10.55 M.
Explanation:The hydroxide ion concentration for an aqueous solution with a pH of 3.45 can be calculated using the formula [OH-] = 10-pOH. Since pH + pOH = 14, we can find that the pOH is 14 - 3.45 = 10.55. Therefore, the hydroxide ion concentration is 10-10.55 M.
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The hydroxide ion concentration for a solution with a pH of 3.45 is approximately 2.82 × [tex]10^{-11[/tex] M.
To calculate the hydroxide ion concentration for an aqueous solution with a pH of 3.45, we need to follow these steps:
Calculate the hydronium ion concentration [[tex]H3O^+[/tex]] using the formula: [[tex]H3O^+[/tex]] = 10-pH.Using the given pH of 3.45, calculate [[tex]H3O^+[/tex]]:The hydroxide ion concentration for the solution with a pH of 3.45 is approximately 2.82 × [tex]10^{-11[/tex] M.
Determine the expression for the equilibrium constant, kc, for the reaction by identifying which terms will be in the numerator and denominator: kc=numeratordenominator=?? place the terms into the appropriate bin.
The kc is a representation of how fast the reaction proceeds to their products when it has achieved equilibrium. The activation energy for the forward and the one for the reverse reaction are similar because they attained chemical equilibrium. A chemical equilibrium happens when both of the reactant and products achieve the same concentration. An example is the process of melting and freezing. Melting and freezing for a given substance occurs at the same temperature. Because the temperature at which the solid starts to melt is also the temperature at which the liquid starts to freeze. They are at chemical equilibrium.
acetylene (C2H2) burns in pure oxygen with a very hot flame. The products of this reaction are carbon dioxide and water. How much oxygen is required to react with 52.0 g of acetylene?
Answer:
160.0 g
Explanation:
Since O2 has an amu of 32 and it has a coefficent of five in the balanced equation you would do 32 x 5 = 160.0g
Approximately 4.995 moles of oxygen (O2) are required to react with 52.0 g of acetylene (C2H2).
Explanation:To determine how much oxygen is required to react with 52.0 g of acetylene (C2H2), we need to consider the balanced chemical equation and use stoichiometry.
The balanced equation for the reaction between acetylene and oxygen is 2 C2H2 + 5 O2 → 4 CO2 + 2 H2O.
From the balanced equation, we can see that 2 moles of acetylene react with 5 moles of oxygen to produce 4 moles of carbon dioxide and 2 moles of water.
First, we need to convert the given mass of acetylene (52.0 g) to moles. Using the molar mass of acetylene (26.02 g/mol), we find that 52.0 g of acetylene is equal to 1.998 moles.
Next, we use the mole ratio from the balanced equation to determine the moles of oxygen required. The ratio of acetylene to oxygen is 2:5, so for every 2 moles of acetylene, we need 5 moles of oxygen.
Using the mole ratio:
(1.998 moles C2H2) x (5 moles O2 / 2 moles C2H2) = 4.995 moles O2
Therefore, approximately 4.995 moles of oxygen (O2) are required to react with 52.0 g of acetylene (C2H2).
White gold is an alloy that typically contains 60.0% by mass gold and the remainder is platinum. if 175 g of gold are available, how many grams of platinum are required to combine with the gold to form this alloy? answers
If there are 25 marbles in a box and 9 of them are blue, what percent of the marbles are a color than blue?
There are 25 marbles in a box and 9 of the marbles are blue. What percent of the marbles are a color other than blue.
First, we need to understand what the problem is asking us to do. If we know that there are 9 marbles in the box that are blue and there are 25 marbles that are in the box altogether, we can subtract 9 from 25 and we get a difference of 16. Now we know that we need to find the percent of the marbles that are not blue.
16 ÷ 25 = 0.64
0.64 × 100 = 64%
Therefore, 64% of the marbles are a different color than blue and 36% of the marbles are blue.
Calculate the hydroxide ion concentration in an aqueous solution that contains 3.50 Ã 10-4 m in hydronium ion
The hydroxide ion concentration in the solution is calculated to be 2.857 × 10^-11 M using the ion product of water (Kw) and the given hydronium ion concentration.
Explanation:To calculate the hydroxide ion concentration in an aqueous solution that contains 3.50 Ã 10^-4 M in hydronium ion, you can use the relationship between the hydronium ion [H3O+] and hydroxide ion [OH-] concentrations in water which is known as the ion product of water (Kw).
At 25°C the ion product of water, Kw is 1.0 × 10-14 M^2. These ions are related through the equation [H3O+][OH-]= Kw, which is the mathematical representation of the ion product of water at a particular temperature.
Substitute the given hydronium ion concentration into the equation to calculate the hydroxide ion concentration: [OH-] = Kw / [H3O+]. So, [OH-] = (1.0 × 10-14 M^2) / (3.50 × 10^-4 M) = 2.857 × 10^-11 M. So, the hydroxide ion concentration in the solution is 2.857 × 10^-11 M.
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_______ are prophylactic agents used to treat bronchoconstriction.
calculate the density of a rectangular solid, which has a mass of 25.71g. It is 2.30cm long, 4.01cm wide, and 1.82cm high
The generic metal a forms an insoluble salt ab(s) and a complex ac5(aq). the equilibrium concentrations in a solution of ac5 were found to be [a] = 0.100 m, [c] = 0.0110 m, and [ac5] = 0.100 m. determine the formation constant, kf, of ac5.
Assuming that the reaction from A and C to AC5 is only one-step (or an elementary reaction) with a balanced chemical reaction of:
A + 5 C ---> AC5
Therefore the formation constant can be easily calculated using the following formula for formation constant:
Kf = product of products concentrations / product of reactants concentration
Kf = [AC5] / [A] [C]^5
---> Any coefficient from the balanced chemical reaction becomes a power in the formula
Substituting the given values into the equation:
Kf = 0.100 M / (0.100 M) (0.0110 M)^5
Kf = 6,209,213,231
or in simpler terms
Kf = 6.21 * 10^9 (ANSWER)
What is the molality of a 13.82% by mass glucose solution? the molar mass of c6h12o6 is 180.16 g/mol?
Answer:
The molality is [tex]0.8901m[/tex]
Explanation:
Let's start defining the molality.
[tex]Molality=\frac{MolSolute}{KgOfSolvent}[/tex]
We also know that in terms of masses :
[tex]SoluteMass+SolventMass=SolutionMass[/tex] (I)
Finally, we define the mass percent as :
[tex]MassPercent=\frac{MassOfSolute}{MassOfSolution}.(100)[/tex]
Using the data of the mass percent we find that :
[tex]13.82=\frac{MassOfSolute}{MassOfSolution}.(100)[/tex]
[tex]\frac{MassOfSolute}{MassOfSolution}=0.1382[/tex] ⇒ [tex]MassOfSolution=\frac{MassOfSolute}{0.1382}[/tex] (II)
We know that the molar mass of glucose is [tex]180.16\frac{g}{mol}[/tex]
Therefore, if we use the mass of 1 mole of glucose ([tex]180.16g[/tex]) in (II) ⇒
[tex]MassOfSolution=\frac{180.16g}{0.1382}[/tex]
[tex]MassOfSolution=1303.618g[/tex]
Now, if we use the equation (I) :
[tex]180.16g+SolventMass=1303.618g[/tex]
[tex]SolventMass=1123.458g[/tex]
[tex]1Kg=1000g[/tex] ⇒ [tex]SolventMass=1.1234Kg[/tex]
We find that 1 mole of glucose ([tex]180.16g[/tex] of glucose) are combined with [tex]1.1234Kg[/tex] of solvent to obtain [tex]1303.618g[/tex] of solution which is a 13.82% by mass glucose solution.
If we want to find the molality, we can replaced all the data in the equation of molality :
[tex]Molality=\frac{(1Mol)OfGlucose}{(1.1234Kg)OfSolvent}[/tex]
[tex]Molality=0.8901m[/tex]
We use 1 mol of glucose in the equation (which corresponds to 180.16 g of glucose)
The letter ''m'' is the unit of molality.
Which statement best describes the properties of metals?
A) they are shiny and bend without breaking
B) they are dull and are good electrical insulators
C) they conduct electricity well and are brittle
D) they can be flattened and do not conduct heat well
The correct option is A.
Metals have certain characteristics properties, they include the following: they are ductile, malleable, shiny, hard, lustrous, flexible and they are good conductor of heat and electricity. The malleability of metals refers to their ability to withstand bending and hammering without breaking. Metals are not dull, neither are they brittle, those are the properties of non metals.
Answer : The correct statement is, (A) they are shiny and bend without breaking
Explanation :
Metals : Metals are the elements that easily loose electrons and forms cations.
The properties of the metals :
Generally all the metals are hard except sodium and potassium are soft.They are malleable that means it can be molded into different shapes.They are ductile that means it can be molded into thin wire.They are good conductor of heat and electricity.Non-metals : Non-metals are the elements that easily gain electrons to form an anion.
The properties of the non-metals :
They are non-malleable that means it can not be molded into different shapes.They are non-ductile that means it can not be molded into thin wire.They are poor conductor of heat and electricity.They are brittle in nature.Hence, the best statement is, (A) they are shiny and bend without breaking
Use the specific heat of water to determine how much heat is required to raise the temperature of 50.0g of water from 35oc to 55oc.
Answer:
There is 4184 Joule of energy required
Explanation:
Step 1: Data given
Mass of water = 50.0 grams
Initial temperature of water = 35.0 °C
Final temperature = 55.0 °C
Specific heat of water = 4.184 J/g°C
Step 2: Calculate the heat
Q = m*c*ΔT
⇒ Q = the heat transfer (in Joules)
⇒ m = the mass of water = 50.0 grams
⇒ c = the specific heat of water = 4.184 J/g°C
⇒ ΔT = The change of temperature of the water = T2 - T1 = 55.0°C - 35.0 °C = 20.0 °C
Q = 50.0g * 4.184 J/g°C * 20.0 °C
Q = 4184 J
There is 4184 Joule of energy required
For the titration of 25.00 mL of 0.150 M HCl with 0.250 M NaOH, calculate:
(a) the pH when neutralization is 50% complete;
(b) the pH when 1.00 mL of NaOH is added beyond the equivalence point.
Final answer:
To calculate the pH at different points in the titration of HCl with NaOH, you need to consider the moles of reactants and products and use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation.
Explanation:
In a titration of 25.00 mL of 0.150 M HCl with 0.250 M NaOH, the pH can be calculated at different points:
(a) When neutralization is 50% complete, we can assume that half of the HCl has reacted with NaOH. This means that the moles of HCl neutralized is half of the initial moles present. Use this information to calculate the moles of NaOH consumed and the remaining HCl. From there, you can use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation to calculate the pH.
(b) When 1.00 mL of NaOH is added beyond the equivalence point, you can assume that all of the HCl has been neutralized and there is excess NaOH. Calculate the moles of NaOH consumed based on the volume added and use it to determine the concentration of NaOH remaining. Then, use the concentration of NaOH and the hydroxide ion concentration to calculate the pH.