A solution of calcium chlorate was poured into a sodium fluoride solution. Would you expect a precipitate to form if 255.0 mL of the calcium chlorate solution (2.0x10-5 M) was mixed with 300.0 mL of a 2.5x10-3 M sodium fluoride solution? A. No, because Qsp < Ksp for calcium fluoride B. Yes, because Qsp < Ksp for calcium fluoride C. Yes, because Qsp = Ksp for sodium chlorate D. Yes, because Qsp = Ksp for calcium fluoride E. No, because Qsp = Ksp for sodium chlorate F. No, because Qsp < Ksp for sodium chlorate G. No, because Qsp > Ksp for calcium fluoride H. No, because Qsp > Ksp for sodium chlorate I. Yes, because Qsp < Ksp for sodium chlorate J. No, because Qsp = Ksp for calcium fluoride K. Yes, because Qsp > Ksp for sodium chlorate L. Yes, because Qsp > Ksp for calcium fluoride

According to solubility, 20 g of calcium chloride per 100 g of water at 90°C will be saturated solution.

Solubility is defined as the ability of a substance which is basically solute to form a solution with another substance. There is an extent to which a substance is soluble in a particular solvent. This is generally measured as the concentration of a solute present in a saturated solution.

The solubility mainly depends on the composition of solute and solvent ,its pH and presence of other dissolved substance in it . It is also dependent on temperature and pressure which is maintained through the process.Concept of solubility is not valid for chemical reactions which are irreversible. The dependency of solubility on various factors is due to interactions between the particles, molecule or ions.

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Answer:

D) Ca2+ < K+ < Ar < Cl-

Explanation:

The isoelectronic series is correctly arranged in order of increasing radius is option D. Ca2+ < K+ < Ar < Cl.

Since k+, Ca2+, Cl- and Ar represent the same kind of e- (18) due to this the positive charge increased. The size should be decreased due to the net attraction on outer e- increased and a negative charge should increase the size because the electronic repulsion should be increased.

Therefore, the option d is correct.

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The Complete Question

A biochemist carefully measures the molarity of glycerol in 913 mL of photobacterium cell growth medium to be 81.3 μM. Unfortunately, a careless graduate student forgets to cover the container of growth medium and a substantial amount of the solvent evaporates. The volume of the cell growth medium falls to 11.1 mL. Calculate the new molarity of glycerol in the photobacterium cell growth medium. Round each of your answers to 3 significant digits.

Answer:

669 μM

Solution:

[Find the attachment]

Answer:

neither half will have a pole

Answer:

c. 7.14

Explanation:

The buffer solution is formed by a weak acid ( hypochlorous acid, HClO) and its conjugate base (hypochlorite ClO⁻, coming from sodium hypochlorite NaClO). We can calculate the pH using the Henderson-Hasselbach equation.

pH = pKa + log [base]/[acid]

pH = -log 3.8 × 10⁻⁸ + log 0.111/0.211

pH = 7.14

Answer:0.8742j/g°C

Explanation: SOLUTION

GIVEN

length of bar=1.25m

mass 382g

temperature= 20°C to 288°C

Q=89300J

Specific Heat Capacity  will be calculated using

Q=mC∆T

where

C = specific heat capacity

Q = heat

m = mass

Δ T = change in temperature

C=Q/ m∆T

=89300/382X(288-20.6)

=0.8742j/g°C

The neutron stars are the smallest but heaviest density supergiant star. The surfaces of the neutron stars undergo thermonuclear fusion to produce energy to survive.

Thermonuclear fusion or just simply nuclear fusion is a nuclear reaction that involves the combining (fusion) of the atomic nuclei together to produce different nuclei in the presence of high temperatures.

Unlike nuclear fission, it needs high temperature and energy to produce atomic nuclei. It is a process generally seen in the universe including the Sun, stars, galaxies, etc.

Neutron stars also use their energy to undergo thermonuclear fusion and produce heavy nuclei from lighter nuclei. The hydrogen atom combines fuses to form helium atoms resulting in high energy production.

Therefore, neutron stars generate energy by thermonuclear fusion.

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Answer:

Carbon monoxide has a bond order of 3

Explanation:

A molecular orbital diagram ( MO diagram ), is a qualitative descriptive tool tha explains chemical bonding in molecules in terms of the molecular orbital theory in general and particularly adopts the linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) method in its approach. A fundamental principle of these theories is that as atoms bond to each other to form molecules, a certain number of atomic orbitals combine to form an equal number of molecular orbitals , although the electrons involved may be redistributed among the orbitals. This tool is very well suited for simple diatomic molecules such as hydrogen molecule , oxygen molecule, and carbon monoxide but becomes more complex when discussing even comparatively simple polyatomic molecules, such as methane. MO diagrams usually explains why some molecules exist and others do not exist. It is used to predict bond strength of molecules, as well as the electronic transitions that can take place.

The MO diagram for carbon monoxide is shown in the image attached. It can clearly be seen that carbon monoxide has a bond order of three. The combination of carbon and oxygen atoms to form molecular orbitals of appropriate energy is also seen in the image.

Answer:

alkene

Explanation:

Since the end only has CH2 it would be an alkene.

Alkene means their is a double bond present.

Carbon always wants 4 bonds (4-2=2) Therefore this shows us that it is a double bond, known as an alkene.

Also,

alcohol = OH

alkane = single bond

alkene = double bond

alkyne = triple bond

- Hope this helps! Please let me know if you want further explanation.

The chemical formula CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2 represents a type of hydrocarbon known as hexane, a straight-chain alkane with six carbon atoms commonly used as a solvent in labs and a constituent in gasoline.

The formula CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2 represents a hydrocarbon named Hexane. Hexane is a straight-chain alkane with six carbon atoms. The general formula for an alkane is CnH2n+2, which in the case of hexane explains the presence of 14 hydrogen atoms. Hexane is commonly used as a solvent in laboratories and a constituent in gasoline.

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Answer:

Here are some advantages.

Explanation:

Hydropower is fueled by water, so it's a clean fuel source, meaning it won't pollute the air like power plants that burn fossil fuels, such as coal or natural gas.

Hydroelectric power is a domestic source of energy, allowing each state to produce their own energy without being reliant on international fuel sources.

The energy generated through hydropower relies on the water cycle, which is driven by the sun, making it a renewable power source, making it a more reliable and affordable source than fossil fuels that are rapidly being depleted.

Impoundment hydropower creates reservoirs that offer a variety of recreational opportunities, notably fishing, swimming, and boating. Most water power installations are required to provide some public access to the reservoir to allow the public to take advantage of these opportunities.

Some hydropower facilities can quickly go from zero power to maximum output. Because hydropower plants can generate power to the grid immediately, they provide essential back-up power during major electricity outages or disruptions.

In addition to a sustainable fuel source, hydropower efforts produce a number of benefits, such as flood control, irrigation, and water supply.

Some advantages of Hydro kinetic energy is, it can be used to  drive turbines and generate electricity.

Hydro kinetic energy is the energy derived from the motion of falling water.

The energy (Hydro kinetic energy) can be converted into mechanical energy of turbine which is in turn converted into electrical energy.

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Answer:

[tex]P_2=\frac{1}{2} \text{ atm}[/tex]

Explanation:

Considering ideal gas situation and initial condition as 1 and final condition as 2 all  other conditions being constant we get

[tex]P_1V_1=P_2V_2[/tex]

Here P1 = 1 atm , V1= 75L, also, V2=2V1 = 2×75 L =150 L

using above equation we have

[tex]1\times75=150\times P_2\\P_2=\frac{75}{150} = \frac{1}{2} \text{ atm}[/tex]

Answer:

Check the attached image below

Explanation:

The step by step solution to the question above can be seen in the attached image below.

ANSWER:

C.

1) Entropy (∆S) is spontaneous

2) Enthalpy (∆H) is not spontaneous

3) Gibbs free energy (∆G) is spontaneous

Therefore the reaction will be spontaneous at high temperature.

D.

Because Nitrogen is favourable to be produced under high temperature, and oxygen under low temperature. Which favours the product side of the equation. But when at a room temperature, which means the temperature is neither low nor high, the product side won't be favoured, and the reaction will not be spontaneous.

EXPLANATION:

C.

1) Entropy is the measure of disorderliness in a system, which increase more in gaseous substances, because the molecules of gases are not stable

Because almost all the reacting substances are in their gaseous state, the entropy of the reaction will be high. Therefore entropy will be positive, which makes the entropy of the system spontaneous.

2) Enthalpy is the measure of heat change in the system. Since their is an intake of heat in the system, therefore the reaction is endothermic and ∆H will be positive. Enthalpy of a system can only be spontaneous in an Exothermic reaction, where ∆H is negative. Therefore Enthalpy is not spontaneous.

3) Gibbs free energy is equal to the change in enthalpy minus the product of temperature and change in entropy. Since entropy and enthalpy are positive, the Gibbs free energy will be negative, which shows that the reaction can be spontaneous if some conditions are met. ∆G will be spontaneous because it is negative.

Therefore in summary, the reaction will favour the product side more, if the temperature of the system is increased, which will make the reaction to become more spontaneous.

D.

2NO2(g) --> N2(g) + 2O2(g)

This reaction is not spontaneous under atmospheric pressure and room temperature (normal conditions) because, Nitrogen can only be produced very fast at a high temperature, while oxygen production is preferable in a low temperature. For the reaction to favour the product side, the temperature should be increased or decreased. Because an increase or a decrease in the temperature will favour either nitrogen or oxygen, which are the product side of equation. This means that the reaction should not be spontaneous if you wish to achieve an equal proportion of the products.

Answer:

Option (A) saturated and is at equilibrium with the solid KCl

Explanation:

A saturated solution is a solution which can not dissolve more solute in the solution.

From the question given above, we can see that the solution is saturated as it can not further dissolve any more KCl as some KCl is still visible in the flask.

Equilibrium is attained in a chemical reaction when there is no observable change in the reaction system with time. Now, observing the question given we can see that there is no change in flask as some KCl is still visible even after thorough shaking. This simply implies that the solution is in equilibrium with the KCl solid as no further dissolution occurs.

To calculate the concentration of hydronium ion and the moles in a buffer solution, use the formula [H3O+] = 10^(-pH) and Moles = Concentration x Volume.

The concentration of hydronium ion can be calculated using the formula:

[H3O+] = 10^(-pH)

For example, if the starting pH is 4.74, then the concentration of hydronium ion is 10^(-4.74) M

The moles of hydronium ion present in 20.0 mL of the buffer can be calculated using the formula:

Moles = Concentration x Volume

Assuming the concentration of hydronium ion is 10^(-4.74) M, then the moles of hydronium ion in 20.0 mL is (10^(-4.74) M) x (20.0 mL / 1000) L.

Answer:

Volume of 32.0 g [tex]NO_{2}[/tex] at 3.12 atm and 18.0 [tex]^{0}\textrm{C}[/tex] is 5.33 L.

Explanation:

Molar mass of [tex]NO_{2}[/tex] = 46.0055 g/mol

So, 32.0 g of [tex]NO_{2}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{32.0}{46.0055}[/tex] mol of [tex]NO_{2}[/tex] = 0.696 mol of [tex]NO_{2}[/tex]

Let's assume [tex]NO_{2}[/tex] behaves ideally.

Then [tex]P_{NO_{2}}V_{NO_{2}}=n_{NO_{2}}RT[/tex]    , where P, V, n, R and T represents pressure, volume, number of moles, gas constant and temperature (in kelvin scale) respectively.

Here [tex]P_{NO_{2}}[/tex] = 3.12 atm, [tex]n_{NO_{2}}[/tex] = 0.696 mol, R = 0.0821 L.atm/(mol.K) and T = (273+18.0)K = 291 K

So,       [tex]V_{NO_{2}}=\frac{n_{NO_{2}}RT}{P_{NO_{2}}}[/tex]

        or, [tex]V_{NO_{2}}=\frac{(0.696mol)\times (0.0821\frac{L.atm}{mol.K})\times (291K)}{3.12atm}[/tex]

        or, [tex]V_{NO_{2}}=5.33L[/tex]

So, volume of 32.0 g [tex]NO_{2}[/tex] at 3.12 atm and 18.0 [tex]^{0}\textrm{C}[/tex] is 5.33 L.

The Volume of  NO₂ is 542.8L

Ideal Gas Law  relates the macroscopic property of gas , It states that the product of pressure and volume of 1 mole of a gas is equal to the product of absolute temperature and universal gas constant.

For n mole of gas,

PV = nRT

In the question it is given that mass of NO₂ is 32 g

P = 3.12 atm

T = 18°Celsius = 291 K

Volume = ?

n = m/M = 32/46 = 0.7

3.12 * V = 0.7*0.0821*291

V = 5.36 L

Therefore the Volume of  NO₂ is 5.36L

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Answer : The heat energy required to melt 2 kg of ice was, 667.7 kJ

Explanation :

First we have to calculate the moles of ice.

[tex]\text{Moles of ice}=\frac{\text{Given mass ice}}{\text{Molar mass ice}}=\frac{2kg}{18g/mol}=\frac{2000g}{18g/mol}=111.1mol[/tex]

Now we have to calculate the heat energy.

As, heat energy required to melt 1 mole of ice = 6.01 kJ

So, heat energy required to melt 111.1 mole of ice = 111.1 × 6.01 kJ

                                                                                  = 667.7 kJ

Therefore, the heat energy required to melt 2 kg of ice was, 667.7 kJ

Answer:

Refer to pic above

Explanation:

Cl's oxidation state reduces from 0 in Cl2 to - 1 in Cl-.

For the given reaction the reduction reaction is Cl[tex]_2[/tex] + 2e⁻→ 2Cl⁻. Therefore, the correct option is option C.

Any chemical process in which a participating chemical species' oxidation number changes is known as an oxidation-reduction reaction, often known as a redox reaction. The phrase refers to a broad range of processes. Many oxidation-reduction processes are as frequent and well-known as fire, metal corrosion and disintegration, fruit browning, respiration, and photosynthesis—basic life processes.

These three processes have two things in common: (1) they are coupled, meaning that every oxidation reaction results in a subsequent reduction; and (2) they involve a typical net chemical change, meaning that an atom or electron moves through one unit of matter to the other. For the given reaction the reduction reaction is Cl[tex]_2[/tex] + 2e⁻→ 2Cl⁻

Therefore, the correct option is option C.

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Answer:

Maximum amount of money = $21.95

Explanation:

Required reaction:

H2SO4 + Zn(CH3CH2)2 -------------> 2 C2H6 + ZnSO4

No.of moles of H2SO4= (45 x 10-3 L) x (8 M) = 0.360 mol

No.of moles of Zn(CH3CH2)2 = (30 x 1.205) / (123.50 g/mol) = 0.2927 mol

Here H2SO4 is in excess amount and Zn(CH3CH2)2is the limiting reagent.

Hence, Maximum no.of moles of ethane that can be produced = 2 * 0.2927 mol = 0.484 mol

Hence, Mass of ethane that can be produced = 0.484 mol x 30 g/mol = 17.56 g

Therefore,Maximum amount of money that you can make :

Maximum amount of money = (17.56 g) x ($1.25 /g)

Maximum amount of money = $21.95

Answer:

The amount of sodium is 32 mg per cracker, 49 mg per pretzel and 68 mg per cookie.

Explanation:

Let's assume amount of sodium is x mg per cracker, y mg per pretzel and z mg per cookie.

So, the following three equations can be written as per given information:

x+y+z = 149 ........(1)

8y+8z = 936 ........(2)

6x+7y = 535 .........(3)

From equation- (2), y+z = [tex]\frac{936}{8}[/tex] = 117

By substituting the value of (y+z) in equation- (1) we get,

                          x = 149-(y+z) = 149-117 = 32

By substituting the value of x into equation- (3) we get,

                           y = [tex]\frac{535-(6\times 32)}{7}[/tex] = 49

By substituting the value of y  into equation- (2) we get,

                           z = (117-49) = 68

So, the amount of sodium is 32 mg per cracker, 49 mg per pretzel and 68 mg per cookie.

Final answer:

To find the amount of sodium in each item, set up a system of equations and solve to get x = 9, y = 55, and z = 85.

Explanation:

To find the amount of sodium in each item, we can set up a system of equations.

Let x represent the amount of sodium in 1 cracker, y represent the amount of sodium in 1 pretzel, and z represent the amount of sodium in 1 cookie.

From the given information, we can create the following equations:

Solving this system of equations, we can find the values of x, y, and z. The amount of sodium in 1 cracker is 9 mg, 1 pretzel is 55 mg, and 1 cookie is 85 mg.

The objects will exchange thermal energy, until thermal equilibrium is reached. This means until their temperatures are equal. Here the direction in which heat will flow is from the lemonade to the glass. The correct option is B.

The transfer of heat energy from an object or substance to another because of the difference in the temperature between them is defined as the heat flow. The flow of heat occurs from an object of higher temperature to an object of lower temperature.

The heat flows from hot objects to cold objects by several processes such as radiation, conduction and convection. However evaporation allows an object to lose the heat even if the surrounding medium in which it is immersed is hotter than the object itself.

Here lemonade has higher temperature than the glass. So heat flows from lemonade to the glass.

Thus the correct option is B.

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Final answer:

The balanced reaction between Au3+(aq) and Cu+(aq) that forms Au(s) and Cu2+(aq) is Au3+(aq) + 3Cu+(aq) → Au(s) + 3Cu2+(aq). To determine the standard cell potential, the standard reduction potentials of the associated half-reactions should be used to evaluate spontaneity.

Explanation:

The question at hand involves galvanic cells and the balancing of redox reactions.

For the balanced equation for the reaction between Au3+(aq) and Cu+(aq), the chemically accurate version is:

Au3+(aq) + 3Cu+(aq) → Au(s) + 3Cu2+(aq)

Standard Reduction Potentials and Galvanic Cell Potential

To determine the standard cell potential (E°), you would reference the standard reduction potentials of the half-reactions:

Oxidation: Cu(s) → Cu2+(aq) +2e−

Reduction: Au3+(aq) + 3e− → Au(s)

By adding the reduction potentials of these half-reactions together, one can ascertain whether the reaction is spontaneous under standard state conditions. Specifically, if the standard cell potential (E°) is positive, the reaction is spontaneous.

Answer:

Option A 0.5424 M

Explanation:

To do this, let's write the reaction again and see the mole ratio:

14H⁺ + 6Fe²⁺ + Cr₂O₇⁻ ---------> 2Cr³⁺ + 6Fe³⁺ + 7H₂O

According to this reaction, we have a mole ratio between the dicromate and iron of 1:6. In other words, 6 moles of dicromate reacts with only 1 mole of iron, therefore we can use the following expression:

nFe = 6 * nCr₂O₇

This is a REDOX reaction, where Iron is being oxidized while cromium is being reduced. Now, we have the concentrations and volume, let's express the moles in function of concentration and volume:

M₁V₁ = 6M₂V₂

Replacing the given data above and solving for concentration of iron (M₁)

M₁ = 6 * 45.20 * 0.1 / 50

M₁ = 0.5424 M

This is the concentration of the iron solution

Answer:

Explanation:

A) Formal charges represent an actual separation of charges.(FALSE)

(B) ΔHo rxn can be estimated from the bond enthalpies of reactants and products.(TRUE)

C)All second-period elements obey the octet rule in their compounds(FALSE).

(D)The resonance structures of a molecule can be separated from one another in the laboratory.(FALSE)

Bond enthalpy which is also reffered to as bond energy is the amount of energy that is required to break one mole of a bond.

taking the single bond between Oxygen and Hydrogen into considerationthe bond energy between their single bond is 463 kJ/mol.

formal charge is used for the comparison of the number of electrons present around an atom in a particular molecule with the number of electrons present around a neutral

Final answer:

Formal charges do not represent actual charge separation, ΔH°rxn can be estimated using bond enthalpies, not all second-period elements obey the octet rule, and resonance structures cannot be physically separated.

Explanation:

Addressing the truthfulness of the given statements:

Answer:

Molecular formula is C21H40

Explanation:

Use the formula CnH2n-2

That is the alkyne formula

The formula for the alkyne containing 40 hydrogens is C21H40. This is further explained below.

Generally, Molecular formula is simply defined as a chemical formula that shows how many atoms of each element there are in each molecule of a material.

In conclusion, Using the alkyne formula which is C_nH2n-2.

We have C21H40 as the alkyne containing 40 hydrogens.

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Answer:

Four moles of electrons

Explanation:

The reactions in a breathalyzer are redox reactions. Fuel cell breathalyzers consists of fuel cells with platinum electrodes. The current produced depends on the amount of alcohol in the breath. Detection of alcohol involves the oxidation of ethanol to ethanoic acid. The two half cells set in the process are;

Anode;

C2H5OH(aq) + 4OH^-(aq) ----------> CH3COOOH(aq) + 3H2O(l) + 4e

Cathode;

O2(g) + 2H2O(l) +4e--------> 4OH^-(aq)

Hence four electrons are transferred in the process.

Answers:

Though no result is wholesome without further tests and observed symptoms, these diseases could be causative for the following symptoms:

Explanation:

The molecule SI2 does not exist but if the student meant SiI2, it would have 8 bonding electrons and 14 nonbonding electrons.

The molecule SI2 does not exist. It may have been a typo. If the student meant Si2, this molecule also doesn't exist because silicon, a member of group 14 on the periodic table, needs 4 electrons to achieve a full outer shell, and thus generally forms 4 bonds. If we are talking about SiI2, or silicon diiodide, it would have 8 bonding electrons and 14 nonbonding electrons. This is because all four of the bonding electrons from silicon and four from iodine atoms make up the bonding electrons while the remaining 7 electrons from each iodine atom make up the nonbonding electrons.

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Answer:

A) The reaction is exothermic reaction

B) 46 gm CH3CH2OH  = 1236KJ

15.3 gm ch3ch2OH = 1236/46 x 15.3

= 411.10 KJ..........released

therefore  1 KJ = 0.239 K cal

so, 411.10 x 0.239 kcal

= 98.2529 .................. released

c) 54 gm of H2O produced = 1236KJ

so, 42.7 gm H2O produced = 1236/54 x 42.7KJ

= 977.35 KJ released.

Explanation:

Answer:

1210 grams

Explanation:

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Answer:

1210

Explanation: