Mary was bitten by a dog. now she fears the dog that bit her as well as other dogs. what aspect of classical conditioning is illustrated in what happened to mary?
Determining which people will enter what occupation is a function of education referred to as ________.
Jerry is experiencing hallucinations. he hears voices telling him which people to avoid because they are out to get him. he believes that he is a wealthy heir related to the trump family. he avoids his actual family and exhibits confusion and fear. jerry is most likely experiencing __________ schizophrenia.
The presence of four vehicles and a pedestrian approaching an intersection at the same time might represent a situation to _______ the risk (and move forward to an alternative maneuver at a different intersection) of completing the maneuver.
To mitigate risk at an intersection crowded with vehicles and a pedestrian, the implementation of a traffic signal can enhance safety by controlling vehicle speeds and providing safer crossing for pedestrians.
Explanation:The presence of four vehicles and a pedestrian approaching an intersection at the same time might represent a situation to mitigate the risk (and move forward to an alternative maneuver at a different intersection) of completing the maneuver. This is particularly important considering pedestrian safety, as crowded intersections near campuses can be dangerous for students and others trying to cross. The installation of a traffic signal at problematic intersections can regulate vehicle speeds, enforce stopping at red lights, and provide safe crossing for pedestrians.
Indeed, without proper signals, vehicles often disregard speed limits, and pedestrians are forced to navigate through traffic, which increases the possibility of accidents. These accidents can have serious consequences, including fatalities. Therefore, the implementation of a traffic signal can significantly enhance safety by controlling traffic flow and providing predictable crossing periods for pedestrians.
Both the social facilitation and social loafing are examples of the influence that the presence of others have on our behaviors. these phenomenon differ, however, in the presence of others __________ in social facilitation situations and _______ in social loafing situations.
When john o'sullivan used the term manifest destiny, what was he suggesting the united states do?
According to cognitive psychologists, the most common form of thinking involves:
Taking the sociological approach to everyday life has strengths and weaknesses. one of the weaknesses of this approach is what?
"truth in sentencing" guarantees that offenders will serve at least ________ of their sentence.
You earn $50,000 per year, and the federal tax rate is 10 percent. Your gross income is A. $5,000 B. $10,000 C. $45,000 D. $50,000
The correct answer is C. After paying 10 percent of the annual income as federal tax, the gross income is $45,000.
To solve this problem, we need to calculate the gross income after federal taxes are deducted. The federal tax rate is given as 10 percent, so we will calculate 10 percent of the annual income and subtract it from the total income to find the gross income.
1. Calculate the federal tax amount:
Federal tax amount = Federal tax rate of Annual income
Federal tax amount = 10% of $50,000
Federal tax amount = 0.10 of $50,000
Federal tax amount = $5,000
2. Subtract the federal tax amount from the annual income to get the gross income:
Gross income = Annual income - Federal tax amount
Gross income = $50,000 - $5,000
Gross income = $45,000
Therefore, after paying 10 percent of the annual income as federal tax, the gross income is $45,000.
While hillary thought her grandpa looked very distinguished with his gray hair, she thought that gray hair made her grandmother look old. hillary is demonstrating the idea of _______?
When carla was discussing the party with one of her friends, she was trying to remember a conversation sheâd had. carla was trying to access her:?
whether the sequence 1 3 ,0,1,−2… is arithmetic, geometric, or neither. Find the next three terms of the sequence. Type your answer in the blank to the left. A. neither; 7, -20, 61 B. geometric;7, -20, 61 C. arithmetic; −1 3 ,11 3 ,3 D. geometric;−31 3 ,−55 9 ,−9 7 27
Millie receives a parcel from her aunt in indonesia. the delivery man asks her to sign an authorization document to receive the parcel. millie signs without reading the? document, as she is in a hurry.? however, on the other side of the document are contract terms that transfer all of? millie's property to the delivery man. this is an instance of? ________.
Answer:
fraud by concealment.Explanation:
This type of fraud is characterized by the omission of a fact or circumstance that is not revealed with the intention of deceiving. They are related to the scam since they are part of the framework. The scam is damage to the property or assets of another person.
Monetarism is a school of economic thought that favors:
Final answer:
Monetarism is an economic school of thought that emphasizes controlling the money supply to stabilize the economy. Leading proponents like Milton Friedman argued for a constant money supply growth rate, aligning with the economy's growth to reduce instability. Monetarism influenced central banks but was adapted over time to allow for more flexibility.
Explanation:
Monetarism and Its Principles
Monetarism is a school of economic thought which emphasizes the importance of the money supply as the main driver of the economy's short-term behavior and the main cause of business cycles. Developed by economists like Milton Friedman, monetarism gained prominence in the 1970s as a response to prevailing Keynesian economic theories. Advocates of monetarism believed that controlling the money supply was crucial in stabilizing the economy and combating inflation—hence, they favored policies that aimed for a steady, moderate expansion of the money supply.
Friedman and his followers argued that rather than relying on government intervention, the economy should be allowed to regulate itself with minimal interference. They suggested that the central bank should increase the supply of money at a constant rate that corresponds with economic growth, typically around 3% per year. Such a policy, they believed, would prevent the central bank from becoming a source of economic instability due to excessive intervention in the economy.
During the late 20th century, monetarism had a significant influence on central banking policies, including those of the Federal Reserve. However, by the early 1980s, following a severe recession, monetarism's strict guidance of fixed monetary growth rates was abandoned in favor of a more flexible approach that was still informed by monetarist principles.
How did Japan’s situation after World War II help its economy recover faster than Germany’s economy?
A. Japan had more trade partners than Germany did.
B. Japan had not been attacked by the Allies in Japanese territory.
C. Japan already had been an industrial powerhouse before the war.
D. Japan was not divided up into occupation zones among the Allies.
Japan's post-WWII economic recovery was expedited by pre-war industrialization, significant U.S. aid, and a focused industrial policy that transformed its economy from producing low-wage export goods to becoming an innovator in high technology, unlike the divided and occupationally controlled German situation.
Explanation:The Japanese economy was able to recover swiftly after World War II due, in part, to the pre-war industrialization and urbanization of Japanese society. This, coupled with significant U.S. aid including a $2 billion investment and preferential access to the vast U.S. consumer market, allowed Japan to refocus on low-wage industries and products for export. The U.S. viewed Japan as a potential ally against the rise of communism, rather than a threat, which facilitated even more economic cooperation between the two nations. Japan's impressive work ethic and government policy promoting industrialization further fueled this recovery, ultimately allowing Japan to transform from a producer of cheap goods to a leader in high technology.
Germany, on the other hand, was divided into occupation zones and faced different challenges that made its recovery trajectory differ from Japan's. Significant aid provided by the Marshall Plan assisted in the reconstruction of Europe, including West Germany. However, Japan's single-government focus and the lack of such division as seen in Germany enabled a more streamlined and efficient rebuilding process.
In which scenario would the use of a wisp be recommended?
The use of a wisp in atmospheric observations can aid in weather prediction by indicating cloud formation, particularly over elevated regions.
Explanation:A wisp is a ball of condensed water vapor or ice droplets, commonly seen in moist air, and is a type of cloud. In the scenario of observing a wisp, it would indicate atmospheric conditions that are conducive to cloud formation and can help in predicting weather changes. For example, seeing wisps forming over mountaintops can signal the likelihood of fog or rain.
In a variation of the "forbidden toy" experiment by aronson and carlsmith (1963), another researcher issued mild and severe threats to prevent children from playing with a very attractive toy. several weeks later, a woman came to the school, allegedly to administer tests to the children. when she left the room to score the tests, children were left alone with the same attractive toy and other less attractive toys. almost 80 percent of the children who were issued severe threats by the researcher played with the attractive toy; only 30 percent of those children issued mild threats succumbed to temptation. this experiment is noteworthy because it demonstrated that
The modified "forbidden toy" experiment showed that severe threats are not as effective in preventing behavior as mild threats, highlighting the influences of punishment severity on behavior alteration.
Explanation:The variation of the "forbidden toy" experiment by Aronson and Carlsmith (1963), which involved using mild and severe threats to discourage children from playing with an attractive toy, is noteworthy because it demonstrated the effects of punishment severity on behavior.
The outcome showed a higher incidence of disobedience among the children who received stronger threats, suggesting that when the threat of punishment is too severe and not immediately enforced, it may not be as effective at preventing the behavior.
This contrasts with the findings from Bandura's Bobo doll study, which indicated that observed consequences (reward or punishment) for a model's behavior could greatly influence the imitation of that behavior by children.
Analysts often refer to the three ____’s when describing characteristics of big data
One of the most effective ways to apply progressive resistance is through weight training
Immediately after a divorce, both children and parents may show several types of psychological maladjustment for a period that may last from
Three-year-old molly's family took her to the circus six months ago, and she still remembers meeting the clowns. which type of memory is molly demonstrating
When speaking to a child, you simplify your vocabulary. on the other hand, when speaking to your professor, you use larger words to gain his/her social approval. which theory explains this process of adjustment?
The theory of social approval explains why people adjust their language based on the listener, influenced by cultural norms and individual factors.
Social approval theory explains the process of adjusting one's speech based on the listener. When speaking to a child, individuals simplify their vocabulary to be more easily understood, whereas when speaking to a professor or higher authority figure, they may use larger words to gain approval.
According to Russian scholar Mikhail Bakhtin, human interactions are influenced by cultural norms and rules, leading individuals to adjust their language based on different social contexts.
Factors such as vocabulary size, socio-economic status, and parental language use also play a role in shaping an individual's language development and communication style.
Lila and thomas are playing in the sandbox together. lila kicks thomas when he takes her toy train. lila's behavior demonstrates
Final answer:
Lila demonstrates conditioning and might be acting out in aggression when her autonomy is threatened. This reflects how children learn through play and may imitate behaviors to assert independence or handle conflict.
Explanation:
Lila's behavior of kicking Thomas when he takes her toy train demonstrates conditioning and possibly acting out due to frustration or a desire for autonomy. This situation highlights how children learn through play and develop preferences, but may also show behaviors of aggression when their autonomy is threatened. Lila may have been seeking independence in her play and reacted negatively when that was disrupted. Furthermore, this behavior can be seen as a form of observational learning, where Lila may be imitating actions she has seen elsewhere, which might be an inappropriate method of dealing with conflict.
What is the fastest way to obtain an application for admission to a college, university, or other post-high school institution?
An example of a privacy right is ....
A. writing a blog about a future vacation .
B. speaking out against a proposed state law.
C. publishing personal information on a website.
D. refusing to testify against oneself in court.
A(n) _______ is a test that predicts future performance in a particular setting or on a specific task.
A predictive test is used to predict a candidate's future performance on a specific task or in a certain setting. These tests can range from IQ tests, and skills assessments, to personality tests, which help companies discern the most suitable candidates based on their job requirements. They are usually complemented by cutoff scores that decide whether the candidate is eligible for further selection stages.
Explanation:A(n) predictive testis a type of assessment used to forecast future performance in a particular setting or on a specific task. In the context of job selection, organizations often use diverse tests such as IQ tests, job-specific skills tests, or personality tests to evaluate the competency and suitability of candidates. The use of these tests serves to determine which candidates possess the required knowledge, skills, and abilities needed for the position. For instance, a high score in agreeableness might be highly desired for a customer support position. However, the use of these predictive tests should be supplemented by a confirmed assessment of what scores on the test correspond positively with good job performance. Importantly, organizations may set cutoff scores, that is, a score beneath which a candidate will not progress, for each test.
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Which u.s. supreme court case upheld the practice of preventive detention with the argument that this practice protects juveniles and society from a dangerous juvenile before trial?
Modern psychoanalysts differ from traditional freudian psychoanalysts in that they focus on the ______ as a motivating force of behavior, and they favor ______ their patients.
Rescorla applies a cognitive perspective in explaining classical conditioning. he focuses on the extent to which the cs __________ the us. interferes with
Rescorla applies a cognitive perspective in explaining classical conditioning. He focuses on the extent to which the CS predicts the US.
To add, the learning procedure in which a biologically potent stimulus (e.g. food) is paired with a previously neutral stimulus (e.g. a bell) is called classical conditioning.
In classical conditioning, the UCS is the stimulus that naturally elicits a response, the CS is a previously neutral stimulus that becomes associated with the UCS, the UCR is the natural response to the UCS, and the CR is the learned response to the CS.
Explanation:In classical conditioning, the UCS (unconditioned stimulus) is the stimulus that naturally elicits a response, without any prior conditioning. The CS (conditioned stimulus) is a previously neutral stimulus that, through association with the UCS, comes to elicit a response. The UCR (unconditioned response) is the natural response that is elicited by the UCS, and the CR (conditioned response) is the learned response that is elicited by the CS.
An example of classical conditioning in humans is when a baby gets excited and salivates upon seeing a formula canister. Here, the formula canister is the CS, the baby's excitement and salivation is the CR, the baby's natural excitement and salivation upon receiving the formula is the UCR, and the formula itself is the UCS.
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