A human bone marrow cell, in prophase of mitosis, contains 46 chromosomes. how many chromatids does it contain? a human bone marrow cell, in prophase of mitosis, contains 46 chromosomes. how many chromatids does it contain? 92 46 or 92, depending on the portion of prophase examined 23 23 or 46, depending on the portion of prophase examined 46 submithintsmy answersgive upreview part

Nervousness and hyperactivity following an injury point to dysfunction in the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system, emphasizing a prolonged "fight or flight" response to stressors.

An injury resulting in nervousness and hyperactivity suggests an impact on the autonomic nervous system (ANS), specifically the sympathetic division. The ANS is responsible for regulating involuntary bodily functions and is divided into two main branches: the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.

The sympathetic division of the ANS is often referred to as the "fight or flight" system. It becomes activated in response to stressors or threats, preparing the body for quick and vigorous action. When the sympathetic division is stimulated, it triggers the release of adrenaline, leading to heightened alertness, increased heart rate, and a surge of energy. The physiological response involves mobilizing resources to cope with a perceived threat, resulting in symptoms such as nervousness and hyperactivity.

In contrast, the parasympathetic division is associated with the "rest and digest" response, promoting relaxation and recovery after a stressful situation. Activation of the parasympathetic system leads to a decrease in heart rate, calming effects, and a return to a state of equilibrium.

In the context of the symptoms described (nervousness and hyperactivity), an injury affecting the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is more likely. This disruption would result in a prolonged or exaggerated "fight or flight" response, causing the observed hyperactive and anxious behaviors.

Final answer:

An injury to the nervous system resulting in nervousness and hyperactivity indicates damage to the sympathetic division of the nervous system.

Explanation:

An injury to the nervous system resulting in nervousness and hyperactivity indicates damage to the sympathetic division of the nervous system. If an injury to the nervous system results in nervousness and hyperactivity, it is likely that the sympathetic nervous system was damaged. The sympathetic nervous system is a part of the autonomic nervous system and it regulates the 'fight-or-flight' response, activating in stressful situations to prepare for action. When this system is compromised, it can lead to elevated states of arousal that manifest as nervousness and hyperactivity.

The sympathetic division is activated during stressful situations and elicits a 'fight or flight' response. It prepares the body for action by increasing heart rate, breathing rate, and alertness.

Answer:

Option). the mutation must occur in a specific gene that controls cell division.

Explanation:

Mutations can be defined as permanent alterations in genetic material due to changes in sequence of DNA. Mutations may be random or induced due to exposure of cancer-causing chemicals.

Malignant cells are tumor-forming cells that show uncontrolled grow and division. These cells are formed by loss of control of cell division and bypass normal cell death.

There are several types of mutations that take place in a cell, but only few mutations cause formation of malignant cells. This is because, to be develop into a malignant, mutations must take place in genes that regulate cell division.

Thus, the correct answer is last option.

The receptors for steroid hormones are located inside the cell because these hormones are lipid-soluble and therefore they can diffuse across the lipid bilayer.

In conclusion, the receptors for steroid hormones are located inside the cell because these hormones are lipid-soluble and therefore they can diffuse across the lipid bilayer.

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Answer: Option 'c' is correct.

Explanation:

A barrier to entry is factor that makes it difficult for a new firm to enter a market .

As we can see in case of "Monopoly", there is difficult entry of new firms.

In "oligopoly", there is difficult entry of new firms but not as much as in monopoly.

New firms to enter in monopoly needs patents rights and legality from the government which is a very difficult task to destroy the monopoly of existing firm.

New firms to enter in oligopoly needs heavy investment which makes it difficult to enter.

Hence, Option 'c' is correct.

Final answer:

The discovery of coral fossils in Alaska suggests that areas now cold were once suitable for coral growth, indicating significant historical climate changes.

Explanation:

Living corals are found in warm shallow seas, while coral fossils have been discovered in the sedimentary rocks of Alaska. These findings suggest that the climate and geographical conditions of areas now known to be cold or temperate were once suitable for coral growth, indicating a significant change in Earth's climate over time. This climate change allowed corals, which thrive in warm and shallow waters, to exist in regions that are now much colder.

The presence of coral fossils in Alaska underscores the dynamic nature of Earth's climate system and supports the notion that areas currently hosting cold environments were once significantly warmer and capable of supporting marine life typical of coral reefs. This is important evidence in studying the historical shifts in Earth's climatic conditions and can help scientists understand more about the Earth's geological history and climate evolution.

Answer: b. food capture

The coral polyps belong to the phyllum of Cnidaria. Each coral polyp exhibit a cup like structure with a ring of tentacles around the opening which is used as both mouth as well as anus. The tentacles possess stinging cells called as nematocyst. The tentacles in the coral polyps helps in capturing the prey in their habitat. They extend their tentacles to capture prey, they first kill the prey by stinging them with a toxic chemical liberated from their nematocyst cells, then they draw the prey towards their mouth.

Final answer:

Time changes by an hour for each 15° change in longitude due to Earth's rotation of 15 degrees per hour. Time zones are established to reflect this, with local times corresponding to day and night cycles. Moving westward you lose an hour, and eastward you gain an hour for each 15° traversed.

Explanation:

Time changes by one hour for each 15° change in longitude because the Earth rotates on its axis once every twenty-four hours at the rate of 15 degrees per hour (15 × 24 = 360). This rotation gives rise to day and night. To align with this rotation, time zones have been established roughly every 15 degrees of longitude to ensure that local times correspond to comparable hours of day and night across the globe.

As a result, when someone travels westward by 15° in longitude, they would find themselves one hour behind the time at their starting point, assuming their watch is set to the local time of their origin. Conversely, traveling eastward by 15° would mean setting the clock one hour ahead. This system ensures that at midday, the sun is generally at its highest point in the sky within each time zone, which typically spans 15° of longitude.

To provide an example, if you were in a location at 20°W and traveled to 80°W and it was 6pm at your original location, you would calculate the time difference by subtracting the starting longitude from the ending longitude (80 - 20 = 60), then dividing by 15 to determine the number of one-hour increments (60/15 = 4). Since west is earlier, you would subtract these 4 hours, resulting in a new local time of 2pm.

Answer: c. Evidence that is independently verified through a systematic process.

Explanation:

A scientific conclusion is the description or statement which is generated after analysing the outcome of the experimental procedure which is a part of scientific methodology. The scientific methodology is a step by step systematic appraoch to conduct research. The results or evidences obtain after implementation of methodology will be a reliable and acceptable.

Other scientists may verify the results and evidences by following the same systematic approach independently.

Answer:c - evidence that is independently verified through a systematic process

Explanation:

Transcription is the biological process where the DNA's information gets transferred to RNA. This process is initiated when RNA polymerase binds to the DNA, followed by the elongation, where a complementary RNA strand is created. The process terminates when the RNA polymerase encounters a terminator sequence.

Transcription is a biological process that occurs in the nucleus of a cell. During transcription, the information stored in a gene's DNA is transferred to a similar molecule called RNA (ribonucleic acid). This happens in several steps: Initiation, Elongation, and Termination.

In Initiation, RNA polymerase binds to the DNA at a specific region (the promoter). This signals the start of the gene that needs to be transcribed.

During Elongation, the RNA polymerase travels along the DNA strand and synthesises a complementary strand of RNA.

The final stage, Termination, occurs when a specific sequence of DNA, known as the terminator, signals the end of the gene. The RNA polymerase releases both the DNA and the newly formed RNA, completing the transcription process.

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This secretion is about the tubular fluid for removal from the body. These substances, drugs etc. include in this.

The endosymbiotic theory stated that the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells are actually prokaryotic bacteria which were once engulfed by prehistoric eukaryotic cells as a result of evolution.

Therefore to answer this question, here are some characteristics: 
1 Both mitochondria and prokaryotic cells contain their own DNA.

2 Neither of the two have true nuclei, but they do have a space in which their DNA is enclosed. 
3 Mitochondria and prokaryotic cells have similar transcriptional machinery, which means that they have the same process of making RNA from DNA.

4 Mitochondria contain their own genome, and the formation of their genome in most organisms is circular similar to prokaryotes.

Mitochondria have their own genomes with a circular chromosome similar to prokaryotes and replicate using binary fission like bacteria, supporting the endosymbiotic theory that proposes they were once free-living prokaryotes.

When comparing mitochondria to prokaryotic cells, two characteristics stand out that support the endosymbiotic theory. First, mitochondria have their own genomes with a circular chromosome, much like prokaryotes. This suggests that mitochondria may have originated as independent bacterial cells. Second, mitochondria replicate through a process similar to the binary fission seen in bacteria, which is different from mitosis in eukaryotic cells. These features provide strong evidence for the endosymbiotic theory, which proposes that mitochondria were once free-living prokaryotes that entered into a symbiotic relationship with a host eukaryotic cell.

This relationship benefitted both organisms; the host cell received increased energy-producing capabilities, while the prokaryotic cells received a protected environment to live in. Over time, many genes from the mitochondrial DNA have been transferred to the host's nuclear DNA, further integrating the two.

The resemblance of mitochondrial ribosomes to bacterial ribosomes, rather than to those of their eukaryotic hosts, also lends support to the endosymbiotic hypothesis. The endosymbiotic theory has been expanded since it was first proposed by Lynn Margulis, with contemporary genetic sequencing solidifying the evolutionary relationship between mitochondria, chloroplasts, and their bacterial ancestors.

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The code of ethics for a physician may indeed vary from that of a medical assistant or patient, as each role within the healthcare system is informed by different principles and expectations of conduct.

True, the personal code of ethics for a physician may differ from those of a medical assistant or patient. Professionals in various fields, including healthcare, adopt ethical codes that provide guidance and establish expectations for behavior within their professional roles. Physicians, for example, follow a code of ethics that includes the Hippocratic Oath, which emphasizes principles such as nonmaleficence ('do no harm').

Medical assistants may adhere to a different set of guidelines that focus on supporting the physician and providing patient care, whereas patients have their own set of beliefs and ethical considerations that may influence their interactions with healthcare providers. In the medical field, a universally acknowledged set of ethical principles including autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice are used to guide ethical decision-making and ensure proper and equitable care.

When inspecting a patient's pupils with a penlight, the pupils should normally react to the light by constricting, a response known as the pupillary light reflex.

This reflex is controlled by the autonomic nervous system and involves the interaction between the parasympathetic and sympathetic pathways.

When light stimulates the retina, the parasympathetic fibers cause the circular muscles of the iris (known as the sphincter pupillae) to contract, resulting in pupil constriction or miosis.

This reflex is essential for regulating the amount of light entering the eye and ensuring optimal visual acuity. If the pupils fail to constrict or exhibit an abnormal response, it may indicate an underlying neurological or ophthalmic issue that requires further investigation.

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The chemicals used in a food establishment must meet certain criteria: they must be unused and in the form of a commercial chemical product. This is to ensure safety and reduce the risk of chemical pollution in food.

The chemicals used in a food establishment must meet certain criteria. They must be unused and in the form of a commercial chemical product. This ensures that the chemicals are safe for use in food preparation and do not pose a risk to consumers.

Government regulations in developed countries aim to control the use of potentially toxic substances in food establishments. This is done to protect public health and reduce the risks associated with chemical pollution of foods.

Additionally, there are safety guidelines that should be followed when working in a laboratory or food establishment to minimize accidents and ensure the proper handling and disposal of chemicals.