Answer:
The car's average speed is 32 kilometers per hour
Explanation:
1. Let's review the information given to us to answer the question correctly:
First two hours = 60 kilometers
Next two hours = 68 kilometers
2. What is the car's average speed?
Total distance traveled by the car = 60 + 68
Total distance traveled by the car = 128
Total time of travel = 2 + 2 hours
Total time of travel = 4 hours
Average speed = Total distance/Total time
Replacing with the real values, we have:
Average speed = 128/4
Average speed = 32 kilometers per hour
What is the final temperature in degrees centigrade of 100g of water at 30 c if it is mixed with 50 g of water at 0?
Answer:
The final temperature = 293 K or 20 °C
Explanation:
Heat gained by water at 0°C = heat lost by water at 30°C
c₁m₁(T₃ - T₁) = c₂m₂(T₂-T₃).......................... Equation 1
Making T₃ the subject of the equation,
T₃ = (c₂m₂T₂ + c₁m₁T₁)/(c₁m₁+c₂m₂)............. Equation 2
Where m₁ =mass of water at 0°C, c₁ = specific heat capacity of water at 0°C , c₂ = specific heat capacity of water at 30°C, m₂ = mass of water at 30°C, T₁ = initial temperature of water at 0°C, T₂ = initial temperature of water at 30°C, T₃ = final temperature.
Given: m₁ = 50 g = (50/1000) kg = 0.05 kg, m₂ = 100 g = (100/1000) kg = 0.1 kg., T₁ = 0°C = 273 K, T₂ = 30°C = (30+273 )= 203 K
Constants: c₁ = c₂ = 4200 J/kg.K
Substituting these values into equation 2,
T₃ = (4200×0.1×303 + 4200×0.05×273)/(4200×0.1 + 4200×0.05)
T₃ = (127260 + 57330)/(420+210)
T₃ = 184590/630
T₃ = 293 K.
Therefore the final temperature = 293 K or 20 °C
Diesel engines burn as much as 30% less fuel than gasoline engines of comparable size, as well as emitting far less carbon dioxide gas and far fewer of the other gasses that have been implicated in global warming.
(A) of comparable size, as well as emitting far less carbon dioxide gas and far fewer of the other gasses that have
(B) of comparable size, as well as emit far less carbon dioxide gas and far fewer of the other gasses having
(C) of comparable size, and also they emit far fewer carbon dioxide and other gasses that have
(D) that have a comparable size, and also they emit far fewer of the other gasses having
(E) that have a comparable size, as well as emitting far fewer of the other gasses having
Answer:
Explanation:
Diesel engines burn as much as 30% less fuel than gasoline engines of comparable size, as well as emitting far less carbon dioxide gas and far fewer of the other gasses that have been implicated in global warming.
(A) of comparable size, as well as emitting far less carbon dioxide gas and far fewer of the other gasses that have
(B) of comparable size, as well as emit far less carbon dioxide gas and far fewer of the other gasses having
(C) of comparable size, and also they emit far fewer carbon dioxide and other gasses that have
(D) that have a comparable size, and also they emit far fewer of the other gasses having
(E) that have a comparable size, as well as emitting far fewer of the other gasses having
A is the most appropriate statement above. Diesel engine consume less energy and release fewer gases than the gasoline engines .
Both engine(Diesel and gasoline) converts chemical energy to electrical energy.
There is one type of intermolecular force that can be found in all molecules and atoms. Which force is it?
Answer: London dispersion forces (i.e LDF), also known loosely Van dear Waals forces.
Explanation: The London dispersion forces is named after the German - American physicist called Fritz London.
The London dispersion forces describes the interaction between two atoms A and B after London discovered the "quantum mechanical theory".
London dispersion theory is similar to the quantum mechanical theory of "light dispersion", that is why it is called "dispersion effect". In Physics,dispersion can be explained as the variation of a quantity with frequency, which is the fluctuation of the electrons in the case of the London dispersion.
The intermolecular force found in all molecules and atoms is the London dispersion force, which occurs due to temporary fluctuations in electron distribution resulting in temporary dipoles and weak attractive forces.
Explanation:The intermolecular force that can be found in all molecules and atoms is the London dispersion force. This force occurs due to temporary fluctuations in electron distribution, which can create temporary dipoles. These temporary dipoles can induce neighboring molecules or atoms to have temporary dipoles as well, leading to a weak attractive force.
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A Chinook (King) salmon (Genus Oncorynchus) can jump out of water with a speed of 6.75 m / s . If the salmon is in a stream with water speed equal to 1.65 m / s , how high in the air can the fish jump if it leaves the water traveling vertically upwards relative to the Earth?
Answer:
The maximum height that the fish can jump is 2.19 m.
Explanation:
Hi there!
Please, see the attached figure for a better understanding of the problem.
The motion of the salmon is a parabolic one because when it jumps, it already has a horizontal velocity (see figure).
The position and velocity vectors of the salmon at a time t, can be calculated as follows:
r = (x0 + v0x · t, y0 + v0y · t + 1/2 · g · t²)
v = (v0x, v0y + g · t)
Where:
r = position of the salmon at time t.
x0 = initial horizotal position.
v0x = initial horizontal velocity.
t = time.
y0 = initial vertical position.
v0y = initial vertical velocity.
g = acceleration of gravity.
Looking at the figure, notice that at the maximum height, the vertical velocity is zero (because the velocity vector is horizontal). Using the equation of the vertical component of the velocity, we can obtain the time at which the salmon is at its maximum height:
vy = v0y + g · t
To find the initial vertical velocity, v0y, let´s look at the figure. Notice that the initial velocity is the hypotenuse of the triangle formed with the horizontal velocity and the vertical velocity. Then:
v0² = v0x² + v0y²
Solving for v0y:
v0y = √(v0² - v0x²)
v0y = √((6.75 m/s)² - (1.65 m/s)²)
v0y = 6.55 m/s
Now, using the equation of the vertical component of the velocity at the maximum height (vy = 0):
vy = v0y + g · t
0 = 6.55 m/s + (-9.8 m/s²) · t
-6.55 m/s / -9.8 m/s² = t
t = 0.67 s
Now, using the equation of the vertical position at t = 0.67 s, we can find the maximum height:
y = y0 + v0y · t + 1/2 · g · t²
y = 0 m + 6.55 m/s · 0.67 s + 1/2 · (-9.8 m/s²) · (0.67 s)²
y = 2.19 m
The maximum height that the fish can jump is 2.19 m.
The magnitude, M, of an earthquake is represented by the equation M=23logEE0 where E is the amount of energy released by the earthquake in joules and E0=104.4 is the assigned minimal measure released by an earthquake. In scientific notation rounded to the nearest tenth, what is the amount of energy released by an earthquake with a magnitude of 5.5?
Answer:
4.5*10^12
Explanation:
5.5=2/3log(E/10^4.4)
8.25=log(E10^4.4)
10^8.25=E/10^4.4
E=10^4.4*10^8.25
E=10^12*4.5
Magnitude is an earthquake's greatest commonly used measure of size. It is a measure of the size of the source for just an earthquake. so, it is identical regardless of how or where you perceive it, and the further calculation can be defined as follows:
Given formula:
[tex]\to\bold{ magnitude\ M = \frac{2}{3} \log \frac{E}{E_0}}[/tex]
The minimum measure released by such an earthquake shall be allocated to where E is the amount of power released in Joules and [tex]\bold{ E_0=10^{4.4}}[/tex].
As 5.5, then put in the above equation this same magnitude is given:
[tex]\to\bold{ magnitude\ M = \frac{2}{3} \log \frac{E}{E_0}}[/tex]
[tex]\bold{5.5= \frac{2}{3} \log(\frac{E}{10^{4.4}})}\\\\ \bold{8.25=\log( \frac{E}{10^{4.4}})} \\\\ \bold{10^{8.25}=\frac{E}{10^{4.4}}}\\\\ \bold{E=10^{4.4}\times 10^{8.25}}\\\\ \bold{E= 4.5 \times 10^{12} }[/tex]
Therefore the final answer is "[tex]\bold{ 4.5 \times 10^{12} }[/tex]".
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While looking at a cliff, you observe that three visible layers of rocks are tilted about 30 degrees. There are four straight horizontal layers above the tilted layers. Which two principles suggest that the tilted layers are older than the horizontal layers?
Answer:
the principle of original horizontality and the principle of superposition
Explanation:
The principle of horizontality states that layers of sediment are originally deposited horizontally under the influence of gravity.
The principle of superposition states that the oldest layer layer is at the bottom and each layer above it is younger, with the youngest being at the top.
Unconformities help us find the age of different layers. An unconformity is a surface in which no new solid matter is deposited after a long geologic interval. Angular unconformity is a type of unconformity which different kinds of stratum were tilted or folded before deposition of younger layers of solid matter above the unconformity. Once the layers were folded and tilted, the older layers of the solid matter eroded, then the younger layers were deposited on the older layers. There angular unconformity is the contact between young and old layers of solid matter.
Therefore, these two principles therefore describe how the tilted layers are older than horizontal layers.
When you set a pot of tap water on the stove to boil, you'll often see bubbles start to form well before boiling temperature is ever reached. Explain this observation.
1. These initial bubbles are the gases that were dissolved in the water coming out of solution. The solubility of gases in water decreases with increasing temperature.
2. They are very minute pockets of water in the gaseous phase. When they get large enough, the water will boil as this gas escapes.
3. These bubbles are formed as the surrounding gases from the air dissolve into the water as it is heated.
4. These are dissolved salts heating up and escaping from the water.
Answer:1
Explanation:
When we boil the water, initially small bubbles started forming at the bottom of the vessel. These bubbles are air which enables the aquatic organisms to survive inside the water.
The solubility of gas started decreases as we increase the temperature, therefore, more and more bubbles formed. Around 373 K water started boiling and vapor started forming inside the water. At this Point water and its vapor is in Equilibrium and every molecule has the same tendency to form a bubble. So there is more and more tendency to form bubbles.
Final answer:
1) Initial bubbles formed in boiling water are due to dissolved gases escaping as the water heats up; the solubility of these gases decreases with temperature. When the water reaches its boiling point, water vapor within the bubbles matches atmospheric pressure, leading to boiling.
Explanation:
When you set a pot of tap water on the stove to boil, you will notice bubbles forming before the water reaches its boiling point. 1) This occurs because water contains dissolved air and other gases that start to come out of solution as the water heats up. The solubility of gases in water decreases with increasing temperature, leading to the formation of bubbles.
At the onset, these bubbles are composed mainly of air and water vapor. As the water temperature rises, more water vapor enters the bubbles, increasing the pressure inside to match the atmospheric pressure. Once the water reaches 100°C and the vapor pressure of water equals the atmospheric pressure, boiling occurs. The established bubbles grow in size and rise to the surface as part of the boiling process.
In summary, the initial bubbles that form when water is heated are due to gases coming out of solution due to decreased solubility with rising temperature. Eventually, as the temperature of the water continues to rise, these bubbles contribute to the process by which water transforms from a liquid to a gaseous state, resulting in boiling.
What term is used for the controlling of the color temperature of light that the camera will capture?
Answer:
White Balance.
Explanation:
White balance is a configuration in our cameras to regulate how different types of light can be used to capture colors. When we take into account the "color temperature" of the light in our scene then we actually setting our white balance correctly.
Hence the correct answer to the question is white Balance.
An average freight train traveling at __________ mph needs a stopping distance of more than 1/2 mile.
Answer:
30 mph
Explanation:
An average freight train traveling at 30 mph needs a stopping distance of more than 1/2 mile.
Two loudspeakers emit sound waves along the x-axis. A listener in front of both speakers hears a maximum sound intensity when speaker 2 is at the origin and speaker 1 is at x = 0.540 m . If speaker 1 is slowly moved forward, the sound intensity decreases and then increases, reaching another maximum when speaker 1 is at x = 0.870 m.
A) What is the phase difference between the speakers?
B) What is the frequency of the sound? Assume velocity of sound is 340m/s.
Answer
given,
difference between the two consecutive maximum
λ = 0.870 - 0.540
λ = 0.33 m
speed of sound = 340 m/s
b) frequency of the sound
v = f x λ
340 = f x 0.33
[tex]f =\dfrac{340}{0.33}[/tex]
f = 1030.3 Hz
a) phase difference
the expression of phase difference is given by
[tex]\phi = \dfrac{2\pi}{\lambda}\ \delta[/tex]
[tex]\delta = \Delta x - \lambda[/tex]
[tex]\delta = 0.540 - 0.33[/tex]
[tex]\delta = 0.21\ m[/tex]
now,
[tex]\phi = \dfrac{2\pi}{\lambda}\ \times 0.21[/tex]
[tex]\phi = \dfrac{2\pi}{0.33}\ \times 0.21[/tex]
[tex]\phi = 3.99 rad[/tex]
Final answer:
The phase difference between the speakers is zero at both maxima, and the frequency of the sound waves is approximately 1030.3 Hz, calculated using the speed of sound and the measured wavelength.
Explanation:
When two loudspeakers emit sound waves that interfere constructively at certain points, it means the sound waves are in phase at those points, and the listener hears a maximum in sound intensity. The listener hears a maximum sound intensity when the path difference between the two speakers is an integer multiple of the wavelength.
The first maximum occurs when speaker 1 is at x = 0.540 m, and the second maximum occurs when speaker 1 is at x = 0.870 m. The distance between these two points is 0.330 m (0.870 m - 0.540 m), which corresponds to one wavelength, λ. Therefore, λ = 0.330 m.
Phase difference between the speakers is initially zero since they are in sync when speaker 1 is at 0.540 m. When speaker 1 is moved to 0.870 m, they are again in sync, indicating that speaker 1 has moved forward by one wavelength. The frequency of the sound can be determined using the equation for the speed of sound, v = fλ, where v is the speed of sound (340 m/s) and λ is the wavelength (0.330 m).
Calculating Frequency
The frequency is thus calculated as:
f = v / λ = 340 m/s / 0.330 m = approximately 1030.3 Hz.
A 1.6-cm-thick wood floor covers a 4.0m×5.5m room. Part A The subfloor on which the flooring sits is at a temperature of 16.1 ∘C, while the air in the room is at 19.5 ∘C. What is the rate of heat conduction through the floor? Use 0.200 W/m⋅K for the thermal conductivity of wood.
Answer:
Rate of heat conduction will be 935 Watt
Explanation:
We have given thickness of the floor d = 1.6 cm = 0.016 m
Area [tex]A=4\times 5.5=22m^2[/tex]
Temperature difference [tex]\Delta T=19.5-16.1=3.4^{\circ}C[/tex]
Thermal conductivity of the wood k = 0.200 w/M-K
We have to find heat conduction
Heat conduction is given by [tex]\frac{Q}{t}=\frac{kA\Delta T}{d}=\frac{0.200\times 22\times 3.4}{0.016}=935Watt[/tex]
Rate of heat conduction will be 935 Watt
Which of the following statements is true? 1. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has ruled that all future research use the one computer climate model that it has concluded is the best. 2. The worst-case scenario predicts that if global warming continues at its present rate, by 2050 the average annual temperature will have increased from 15°C to 20°C. 3. Most climate scientists believe that current temperature increases are due entirely to natural cycles of short-term climate changes. 4. Carbon dioxide concentration of the atmosphere has increased in the last century
Answer:
4.
Explanation:
Option number 4 is true out of all the options provided.
1. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has not ruled that all future research use the one computer climate model, and they have not concluded that it is the best.
2. The worst-case scenario predicts that global warming will increase the average temperature by 1.5°C - 2°C. Not from 15°C to 20°C.
3. Very few climate scientists believe that current temperature increases are due to natural cycles of short-term climate changes.
4. Over the past century, there has been an increase in industrial work, car and truck emissions, and the population of humans have increased dramatically. Add that to deforestation and there is a clear explanation as to why there has been an increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air.
The correct statement is that the carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere has increased in the last century. The IPCC does not enforce a single climate model, and most climate scientists recognize anthropogenic factors in temperature rise, projecting an average global increase of 2°F to 11.5°F by 2100.
Explanation:Of the statements presented, the last one is true: Carbon dioxide concentration of the atmosphere has increased in the last century. This is a well-documented fact, and the increase in CO2 levels is largely attributed to human activities such as burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial processes. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) does not mandate the use of a single climate model but rather reviews and assesses the most recent scientific literature using a variety of models.
Furthermore, most climate scientists agree that the current temperature increases are not due solely to natural cycles but are significantly influenced by anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases. Predicting exact future annual temperature increases is complex, but models generally project an average global temperature rise by 2100 of approximately 2°F to 11.5°F, which contradicts the second statement regarding a drastic 5°C increase by 2050. The projected temperature rise over land will be more rapid than over oceans and will vary from region to region.
Cody's family went hiking along a stream in Georgia and found a waterfall. At the bottom of the waterfall, they noticed many small pebbles with smooth edges on the bottom of the stream. If Cody's family added more rocks to the stream at the bottom of the waterfall, what should they expect to happen to the size of the rocks?
Answer:
They can expect the size of the rocks to get smaller as the time passes.
Explanation:
They can expect the size of the rocks to get smaller as the time passes.
This is so because the water falling from certain height under waterfall will exert mechanical impact on the rock due to the mass of the water. This will act as water hammer causing wear and tear to the rock particles and flowing them away with the stream of water. This hydraulic shock is generated when there is sudden stoppage in the motion of water. In sync with Newton's second law of motion, when the momentum of water is changed within a short course of time it creates a hammer like impact which has potential of wear and tear when an object is continuously subjected to it.On a topographic map, six contour lines span a horizontal map distance of 0.5 inches. The horizontal scale is 1 inch equals 2,000 ft. How far apart are the first and sixth lines?
Answer:
1000 ft
Explanation:
There are six lines which has a total length of 0.5 inches on the map. This is known as the scale of a map.
On the map we have
[tex]1\ inch=2000\ ft[/tex]
So, the distance between first and sixth line is 0.5 inch
[tex]0.5\ inch=0.5\times 2000[/tex]
[tex]\Rightarrow 0.5\ inch=1000\ ft[/tex]
The distance is 1000 ft on the map
Classify each of the following as a physical change or a chemical change. a) grinding glass: b) rusting of iron: c) burning a candle: d) sanding wood:
Answer:
Physical change: (a) grinding of glass, (c) burning of candle, (d) sanding wood
Chemical change: (b) rusting of iron.
Explanation:
Physical Change: This is the type of change a matter undergoes, it is easily reversible and no new substance is formed.
Chemical Change: Is one which is not easily reversible and a new substance is formed.
From the question above, the following changes can be classified into physical or chemical change
Physical change: (a) grinding of glass, (c) burning of candle, (d) sanding wood
Chemical change: (b) rusting of iron
Classification is as follows Physical change includes grinding of glass, burning of candles, and sanding wood. The chemical change includes rusting of iron.
Physical Change: This is the type of change a matter undergoes, it is easily reversible and no new substance is formed.
Chemical Change: This is one which is not easily reversible and a new substance is formed.
Therefore, the Classification is as follows Physical change includes grinding of glass, burning of candles, and sanding wood. The chemical change includes rusting of iron.
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Warm-water hydrothermal vents form: a. turbidity currents.b. cold seeps. c. white smokers. d. black smokers. e. abyssal hills.
Answer:
d) Black smokers
Explanation:
Hydrothermal vents form at locations where seawater meets magma.
A venting black smoker emits jets of particle-laden fluids. The particles are predominantly very fine-grained sulfide minerals formed when the hot hydrothermal fluids mix with near-freezing seawater. These minerals solidify as they cool, forming chimney-like structures. “Black smokers” are chimneys formed from deposits of iron sulfide, which is black. “White smokers” are chimneys formed from deposits of barium, calcium, and silicon, which are white.
Because deposits from hydrothermal vent fluid can contain iron, manganese, copper, zinc, and other minerals, vents have relevance to certain types of ore deposits.
The correct answer is (d) black smokers
At the bottom of the hill, the roller coaster is moving at 34.2929 m/s. If the mass of the cart is 1125.00 kg, how much kinetic energy does it have?
Answer:
661748 J
Explanation:
kinetic energy =(1/2) (mass ) (SPEED)^2
= (0.5) ( 1125.00)( 34.2929)^2
= 661748 J UP TO 6 SIGNIFICANT FIGURES
If the distance between two asteroids is halved, the gravitational force they exert on each other will
a) Also be doubled
b) Be half as great
c) Be one fourth as great
d) Will be 1/16 as great
e) Be four times greater
Answer:
e) Be four times greater
Explanation:
Here we have to use Newton's gravitational law that relates the gravitational force between two objects with their masses ([tex]m_{1} [/tex] & [tex]m_{2} [/tex]) and the distance between them ([tex]r[/tex]) in the next way:
[tex] F=G\frac{m_{1}m_{2}}{r^{2}}[/tex] (2)
Now if distance between asteroids is halved:
[tex]F_{2}=G\frac{m_{1}m_{2}}{(\frac{r}{2})^{2}} [/tex]
[tex]F_{2}=G\frac{m_{1}m_{2}}{\frac{r^{2}}{4}} [/tex]
[tex]F_{2}=G\frac{4m_{1}m_{2}}{r^{2}}=4G\frac{m_{1}m_{2}}{r^{2}} [/tex]
Note that [tex] G\frac{m_{1}m_{2}}{r^{2}} [/tex] because (1) is F so:
[tex]F_{2}=4F [/tex]
It's four times greater!
Final answer:
The gravitational force between two asteroids will be four times greater if the distance between them is halved, due to the inverse square law of gravitation.
Explanation:
When considering gravitational force between two objects, such as asteroids, we refer to Newton's law of universal gravitation, which states that the force is directly proportional to the product of the two masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers.
When the distance between two asteroids is halved, the gravitational force they exert on each other is not simply doubled or halved; it changes more drastically because the force is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. In this case, the force becomes stronger by a factor of the square of the inverse of the change in distance. Halving the distance increases the force by a factor of four, since (1/2)^2 = 1/4, and inversely, the force is four times greater.
The correct answer to the given question is that if the distance between two asteroids is halved, the gravitational force they exert on each other will be four times greater. Therefore, the correct option is:
e) Be four times greategreaterA hot-air balloon is 11.0 m above the ground and rising at a speed of 7.00 m/s. A ball is thrown horizontally from the balloon basket at a speed of 9.00 m/s. Ignore friction and air resistance and find the speed of the ball when it strikes the ground.
Answer:
18.6 m/s
Explanation:
[tex]h[/tex] = Initial height of the balloon = 11 m
[tex]v_{o}[/tex] = initial speed of the ball
[tex]v_{oy}[/tex] = initial vertical speed of the ball = 7 m/s
[tex]v_{ox}[/tex] = initial horizontal speed of the ball = 9 m/s
initial speed of the ball is given as
[tex]v_{o} = \sqrt{v_{ox}^{2} + v_{oy}^{2}} = \sqrt{9^{2} + 7^{2}} = 11.4 m/s[/tex]
[tex]v_{f}[/tex] = final speed of the ball as it strikes the ground
[tex]m[/tex] = mass of the ball
Using conservation of energy
Final kinetic energy before striking the ground = Initial potential energy + Initial kinetic energy
[tex](0.5) m v_{f}^{2} = (0.5) m v_{o}^{2} + mgh \\(0.5) v_{f}^{2} = (0.5) v_{o}^{2} + gh\\(0.5) v_{f}^{2} = (0.5) (11.4)^{2} + (9.8)(11)\\(0.5) v_{f}^{2} = 172.78\\v_{f} = 18.6 m/s[/tex]
Answer:
0.95 second
Explanation:
height, h = 11 m
ux = 9 m/s
uy = 7 m/s
Let it takes time t to strike the ground.
Use second equation of motion
[tex]h = u_{y}t + 0.5 gt^{2}[/tex]
- 11 = 7 t - 0.5 x 9.8 t²
-11 = 7t - 4.9t²
4.9t² - 7t - 11 = 0
[tex]t=\frac{-7\pm \sqrt{49+4\times4.9\times11}}{9.8}[/tex]
[tex]t=\frac{-7\pm 16.27}{9.8}[/tex]
take positive sign
t = 0.95 second
Thus, the time taken to reach the ground is 0.95 second.
The heat of combustion of bituminous coal is 2.50 x 10⁴ J/g. What quantity of the coal is required to produce the energy to convert 106.9 pounds of ice at 0.00°C to steam at 100.°C?specific heat (ice) = 2.10 J/g°Cspecific heat (water) = 4.18 J/g°Cheat of fusion = 333 J/gheat of vaporization = 2258 J/g
Answer:
mc=5.84kg
Explanation:
Given
m i = 106.9 l b s
m i = 48480.7 g
T 1 = T i = 0 °C
T 2 = T s = 100 °C
C p i = 2.10 J / g − C
C p w = 4.18 J / g − C
H f = 333 J / g
H v = 2258 J / g
H c = 25000.00 J / g
According to the first law of thermodynamics, the heat supplied by the coal must be equal to the heat required to convert the ice into water and then the water into steam:
Q c = Q i + Q w + Q s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(eq:1)
Since the water will undergo a change in temperature (0 C to 100 C )
Q i = m i ∗ H f..........(eq:2)
Q s= m s ∗ H v..........(eq:3)
heat allows for the change in temperature, calculated as:
Q w = m w ∗ C p w ∗ ( T 2 − T 1 )...........(eq:4)
Integrating Equations 2, 3 and 4 into Equation 1, we get:
Q c = m i ∗ H f + m w ∗ C p w ∗ ( T 2 − T 1 ) + m s ∗ H v ...........(eq:5)
m i = m w = m s = m
Q c = m ∗ ( H f + C p w ∗ ( T 2 − T 1 ) + H v )
Q c = 48480.7 ∗ ( 333 + 4.18 ∗ ( 100 − 0 ) + 2258 ) J
Q c = 145878426.3 J
The heat of the coal is the product of the mass of the coal and its heat of combustion.
Thus:
m c = Q c / H c
m c = 145878426.3/ 2.5 x 10 4 g
m c = 5835.137052 g
mc=5.84kg
Technician A says that the 3 wires on the TP sensor include a 5-volt reference voltage from PCM, plus the signal wire to PCM, and a ground wire to the engine block. Technician B says that the TP sensor is used by the PCM to determine torque converter engagement and transmission shift points. Who is right?
Answer:
Technician B
Explanation:
It is a known fact that the Throttle Position (TP) sensor, is used by the PCM to determine torque converter engagement and transmission shift points. The TP is a 3 wire potentiometer, often used for vehicle fuel-management systems which includes a voltage of +5V applied to the PCM, not the resistive layer.
Both Technician A and Technician B are correct. Technician A accurately described the three wires on the TP sensor, and Technician B correctly noted that the TP sensor is used by the PCM to manage torque converter engagement and transmission shift points.
Explanation:The question asks about the function of the TP (Throttle Position) sensor and whom out of Technician A and Technician B is correct in their statement. Technician A claims that there are three wires connected to the TP sensor, which include a 5-volt reference voltage from PCM, a signal wire to PCM, and a ground wire to the engine block. Technician B states that the TP sensor is used by the PCM to determine torque converter engagement and transmission shift points.
Technician A is correct in their description of the TP sensor's wiring. The typical TP sensor indeed has a 5-volt reference voltage supplied by the PCM (Powertrain Control Module), a signal wire that sends information back to the PCM based on the throttle position, and a ground wire usually connected to a common ground on the vehicle and not necessarily to the engine block directly.
Technician B is also correct. The TP sensor is one of several sensors used by the PCM to calculate the load on the engine and determine the appropriate time to engage the torque converter lockup and to adjust the automatic transmission's shift points for optimal performance and fuel economy.
Two cars are traveling along perpendicular roads, car A at 40 mi/hr, car B at 60 mi/hr. At noon, when car A reaches the intersection, car B is 90 mi away, and moving toward it. At 1 p.m. the distance between the cars is changing, in miles per hour, at the rate of:
Answer:
[tex]\frac{dD}{dt} = -4 miles/hour[/tex]
negative sign indicates that the distance is decreasing with time
Explanation:
Let at any time t after noon that is 12 p.m.
distance traveled by car A = 40t
distance traveled by car B = 90-60t
then distance between the two cars at time t
[tex]D^2= (40t)^2+(90-60t)^2[/tex]............1
also, at time 1 p.m.
distance [tex]D^2= (40\times1)^2+(90-60\times1)^2[/tex]
D=50 Km
differentiating equation 1 w.r.t. t we get
[tex]2D\frac{dD}{dt}= 2\times40t\times40+2(90-60t)(-60)[/tex]
put t= 1 and D= 50 we get
[tex]2\times50\frac{dD}{dt}= 3200\times1-3600\times1[/tex]
[tex]\frac{dD}{dt} = -4 miles/hour[/tex]
Which of the following terms describes one’s ability to understand how another person is feeling?
a) empathy
b) appreciation
c) cooperation
d) commitment
Answer:
Empathy
Explanation:
Empathy: to understand the thoughts, feelings, or emotional state of another person
Appreciation: to show gratitude
Cooperation: is the association for mutual benefit
Commitment: is the agreement to do something.
From the definitions above, empathy is the term that describes one’s ability to understand how another person is feeling.How much elastic potential energy is stored in a bungee cord with a spring constant of 10.0 N/m when the cord is stretched 2.00 m?
Answer:
The elastic potential energy stored in the bungee cord = 20 J
Explanation:
potential energy: This is the energy possessed by a body due to its position. The S.I unit of energy is Joules. The mathematical expression for elastic potential energy is given below
E = 1/2ke²................ Equation 1
Where E = elastic potential energy of the spring, k = force constant of the spring, e = extension
Given: K = 10 N/m, e = 2.00 m
Substituting these values into Equation 1
E = 1/2(10)(2)²
E = 5×4
E = 20 Joules.
Therefore the elastic potential energy stored in the bungee cord = 20 J
Final answer:
The elastic potential energy stored in a bungee cord with a spring constant of 10.0 N/m and stretched 2.00 m is 20.0 joules.
Explanation:
The amount of elastic potential energy stored in a bungee cord can be calculated using the formula for the potential energy in a spring: E = 1/2 kx², where E is the elastic potential energy, k is the spring constant, and x is the displacement of the spring from its equilibrium position. In this case, with a spring constant of 10.0 N/m and a displacement of 2.00 m . Putting all these values into the equation we get the energy stored is E = 1/2 (10.0 N/m)(2.00 m)² = 20.0 J.
At what part of the cardiac conduction system does the electrical impulse travel most rapidly?
Answer:
Purkinje Fiber
Explanation:
In normal circumstances, the SA(sinoatrial) node the heart natural pacemaker, produces electrical activity automatically. This electrical impulse is transmitted across the whole right atrium and into the bundle of Bachmann to the left atrium, arousing the atria's myocardium to contract. And the part through which the electrical impulse travel most rapidly is called Purkrnje fibers, which is a specialized conducting fiber consisting of electrically excitable cells and these conduct cardiac action potentials more quickly and efficiently than any other cells in the heart.
A car traveling at 22 m/s comes to an abrupt halt in 0.1 second when it hits a tree. What is the deceleration in meters per second per second (i.e. m/s/s or m/s2)?
Answer:
220 m/s²
Explanation:
given,
initial speed of car= 22 m/s
final speed of car= 0 m/s
time taken by car to stop= 0.1 s
acceleration of car is equal to change in velocity per unit time
[tex]a = \dfrac{\Delta v}{t}[/tex]
[tex]a = \dfrac{v_f-v_i}{t}[/tex]
[tex]a = \dfrac{0-22}{0.1}[/tex]
a = -220 m/s²
negative sign represent deceleration of the body
hence, deceleration of car is equal to a = 220 m/s²
A simple pendulum with a length of 2.23 m and a mass of 6.74 kg is given an initial speed of 2.06 m/s at its equi- librium position. Assume it undergoes simple harmonic motion. Determine (a) its period, (b) its total energy, and (c) its maximum angular displacement.
Answer:
a) T = 2.997 s
b) K = 14.3 J
c) φ = 0.444 rad
Explanation:
a) Determine its period
The pendulum simple’s period is:
T = 2π[tex]\sqrt{\frac{l}{g} }[/tex]
Where l: Pendulum’s length
g = 9.8 m/s2
T = 2π[tex]\sqrt{\frac{2.23}{9.8} }[/tex]
T = 2.997 s
b) Total energy
Initially his total energy is kinetic
K = [tex]\frac{mv^{2} }{2}[/tex]
K = [tex]\frac{(6.74)(2.06)^{2} }{2}[/tex]
K = 14.3 J
c) Maximum angular displacement
φ = [tex]cos^{-1}(1-\frac{E}{mgl} )[/tex]
φ = [tex]cos^{-1}(1-\frac{14.3}{(6.74)(9.8)(2.23)} )[/tex]
φ = 0.444 rad
Final answer:
The period of the pendulum is 4.46 seconds. The total energy of the pendulum is 14.58 Joules. The maximum angular displacement of the pendulum is 26.86 degrees.
Explanation:
To determine the period of the pendulum, we can use the formula:
T = 2π√(L/g)
where T is the period, L is the length of the pendulum, and g is the acceleration due to gravity. Plugging in the values given, we get:
T = 2π√(2.23/9.8) = 4.46 seconds
The total energy of the pendulum is given by the formula:
E = mgh + (1/2)mv²
where E is the total energy, m is the mass, g is the acceleration due to gravity, h is the height, and v is the velocity. Since the pendulum is at its equilibrium position, the height is zero, so we only need to calculate the kinetic energy:
E = (1/2)mv² = (1/2)(6.74)(2.06)² = 14.58 Joules
The maximum angular displacement of the pendulum can be found using the formula:
θ = sin⁻¹(A/L)
where θ is the angular displacement, A is the amplitude, and L is the length of the pendulum. Plugging in the values given, we get:
θ = sin⁻¹(1/2.23) = 26.86 degrees
A spring that is stretched 23 cm from its equilibrium point experiences a force of 103 N .Now much force is stored in the spring?
Answer
given,
spring is stretched = 23 cm
x = 0.23 m
Force experiences = 103 N
we know,
F = k x
where k is the spring constant
[tex]k =\dfrac{F}{x}[/tex]
[tex]k =\dfrac{103}{0.23}[/tex]
k = 447.83 N/m
Assuming we have to calculate the energy stored in the spring
energy stored in the spring
[tex]U =\dfrac{1}{2}kx^2[/tex]
[tex]U =\dfrac{1}{2}\times 447.83 \times 0.23^2[/tex]
U = 11.85 J
hence, energy stored in the spring is equal to U = 11.85 J
A flat metal washer is heated. As the washer's temperature increases, what happens to the hole in the center? A flat metal washer is heated. As the washer's temperature increases, what happens to the hole in the center? The hole in the center will remain the same size. Changes in the hole cannot be determined without know the composition of the metal. The hole in the center of the washer will expand. The hole in the center of the washer will contract.
answer;
The hole in the center of the washer will expand
explanation;
A flat metal washer is heated. As the washer's temperature increases, what happens to the hole in the center? A flat metal washer is heated. As the washer's temperature increases, what happens to the hole in the center? The hole in the center will remain the same size. Changes in the hole cannot be determined without know the composition of the metal. The hole in the center of the washer will expand. The hole in the center of the washer will contract.
this is an example of area expansivity.
coefficient of area expansivity is change in area per area per degree rise in temperature
a=dA/(A*dt)
as the temperature rises , there will be volumetric and area expansivity on the body. volume also increases because of the intermolecular forces of attraction between the molecule is now getting apart.
Under some circumstances, a star can collapse into an extremely dense object made mostly of neutrons and called a neutron star. The density of a neutron star is roughly 1014 times as great as that of ordinary solid matter. Suppose we represent the star as a uniform, solid, rigid sphere, both before and after the collapse. The star's initial radius was 8.0×105 km (comparable to our sun); its final radius is 16 km. the original star rotated once in 35 days, find the angular speed of the neutron star.
Answer:
The angular speed wf of the neutron star is calculated to be [tex]5.19*10^{3} [/tex] rad/s
Explanation:
The reason for such a rapid spin-rate is due to the principle of angular momentum. The angular momentum of a system can be given as:
Angular Momentum (L) = Mass * Radius^2 * Angular Velocity (w)
Applying this principle to our context, we would say that the angular momentum of the star before and after collapsing is constant. In order to not break this principle, we know that the mass of the star did not change but the radius shrank by a significant amount after collapsing, and so in order to keep the angular momentum (L) constant after collapse, the star had to increase it's angular velocity, which is evident in our answer.
The calculations of the answer are as follows:
Star's Initial Radius Ri = [tex]8.0 * 10^{5}[/tex] km ( [tex]8.0 * 10^{8}[/tex] m)
Star's Initial Angular Velocity wi = [tex]\frac{2\pi} {35 days * 24 hrs * 3600 sec}[/tex] = [tex]2.077 * 10^{-6}[/tex] rad/sec
Star's final radius Rf = [tex]16 * 10^{3}[/tex] m
Now, we can equate the initial and final states of the star i.e. the angular momentum of star before and after the collapse as following:
Li = Lf (where i and f denote initial and final state)
Solving of Final Angular Velocity we have:
wf = wi * (Ri / Rf) ^ 2
Plugging in our known values:
wf = [tex]2.077 * 10^{-6}[/tex] x [tex](\frac{8 * 10^{8}}{16 * 10^{3}} )^{2}[/tex] = 5.19 * 10^3 rad/s
Final answer:
The neutron star's angular speed is found by using the conservation of angular momentum. With the star's initial rotation period of 35 days, the initial angular speed is calculated and then adjusted for the changes in the radius of the star upon collapse. The resulting angular speed of the neutron star is approximately 6.57 x 10³ radians/second.
Explanation:
When a star collapses into a neutron star, its angular momentum is conserved. To calculate the neutron star's angular velocity, we use conservation of angular momentum. The original star rotated once every 35 days, and we can convert this period into angular speed, \, using the formula \ = [tex](2\pi)[/tex] / T, where T is the period of rotation in seconds.
Firstly, convert the days into seconds: 35 days × 24 hours/day × 3600 seconds/hour = 3,024,000 seconds. Now, calculate the initial angular speed: \initial = [tex](2\pi)[/tex] / 3,024,000 = 2.08 x 10⁻⁶ radians/second.
Since angular momentum L = I\ must be conserved (where I is the moment of inertia and \ is the angular velocity), and I = (2/5)mR² for a sphere, where m is mass and R is the radius, the relation can be expressed as I-initial\initial = I-final\final. Mass m cancels out and assuming the radius R changes from 8.0 x 10⁵ km to 16 km, we can solve for \final.
The final angular velocity \final = (Rinitial2 / Rfinal2) \initial = ((8.0 x 10⁵ km)² / (16 km)²) (2.08 x 10⁻⁶ radians/second) = (6.4 x 10¹¹ / 256) (2.08 x 10⁻⁶ radians/second) = 6.57 x 10³ radians/second.
Therefore, the angular speed of the neutron star is approximately 6.57 x 10³ radians/second, significantly faster than its predecessor due to the drastic reduction in radius.