Why do ultraviolet rays from the sun reach earth
Sam's job at the amusement park is to slow down and bring to a stop the boats in the log ride. you may want to review ( pages 293 - 295) . part a if a boat and its riders have a mass of 1000 kg and the boat drifts in at 1.3 m/s how much work does sam do to stop it
The work done by Sam to stop the coming boat in the amusement park is [tex]\boxed{845\,{\text{J}}}[/tex].
Further Explanation:
As the boat in the amusement park is moving at a certain velocity, the boat has the kinetic energy stored in it. This kinetic energy of the boat is due to the motion of the boat.
Sam needs to do the work against this energy of the boat to bring it to rest.
The initial kinetic energy of the boat is expressed as:
[tex]\begin{aligned}{K_i}&= \frac{1}{2}m{v^2}\\&=\frac{1}{2} \times 1000 \times {\left( {1.3} \right)^2}\\&= \frac{{1690}}{2}\,{\text{J}}\\&= 8{\text{45}}\,{\text{J}}\\\end{aligned}[/tex]
The boat is brought to rest finally. So, the final kinetic energy of the boat will be .
The amount of work required to be done by Sam will be equal to the change in kinetic energy of the boat.
[tex]\begin{aligned}W&= {K_f} - {K_i}\\&=0 - 845\\&=- 845\,{\text{J}}\\\end{aligned}[/tex]
Here, the negative work done means that the work is to be done by Sam on the boat in the opposite direction to stop it.
Thus, the work done by Sam to stop the coming boat in the amusement park is [tex]\boxed{845\,{\text{J}}}[/tex].
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Answer Details:
Grade: College
Subject: Physics
Chapter: Work-Energy Theorem
Keywords: Sam’s job, amusement park, slow down, boats in the long ride, kinetic energy, work done, boat drift at 1.3m/s, to stop the boat, energy stored in boat.
Sam performs -650 Joules of work to bring the boat to a halt. The negative sign is conventionally used to show that energy has been removed from the system.
Explanation:To answer your question, we will use the physics concept of work and kinetic energy. Work done on an object is equal to the change in its kinetic energy. In this case, Sam has to stop the boat from its current speed to a rest state. That means the initial kinetic energy of the boat is 0.5*1000 kg*(1.3 m/s)^2 and the final kinetic energy is 0, since it's stopped.
The work Sam does stopping the boat is equal to the change in kinetic energy, which is final kinetic energy - initial kinetic energy. This will result in -650 Joules.
The negative sign indicates that energy has been taken out of the system - in this case by Sam slowing down the boat. It's important to note, however, that in the real world work has to be done against things such as water resistance, but these factors were not included in the question and therefore not considered in the answer.
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Calculate the orbital period of a spacecraft in an orbit 300 kilometers above earth's surface
The orbital period of a spacecraft at an orbit of 300 kilometers above the Earth's surface is around one hour and a half.
Further explanationObjects, due to their inherent mass, tend to atract each other due to the laws of gravitation. In short words, objects with a huge ammount of mass atract other objects which are less massive, that is why we are all attracted towards the Earth (which is an incredible massive body).
In general this phenomenon is better seen at the astrological level, like planets attracting their moons or asteroids (this is the case of our problem). Even though, planets attract other bodies which are nearby, this doesn't mean that they will ever come into contact, this is the case for object which orbit those planets.
An orbit is a path which a certain body follows around a more massive object, like the moon orbiting the Earth, or the Earth orbiting around the Sun. These orbits are periodic, meaning they happen continuously over time, over and over again, the same way all times. By this reason, they have a period (which is the duration of such orbit).
At this point, there is a background theory that is necessary to derive the equation we're going to use to compute the orbital period, but it escapes the scope of this problem, so we're just going to use the equation. The equation to compute the orbital period is:
[tex]T= 2 \cdot \pi \cdot \sqrt{\frac{a^3}{\mu}}[/tex]
Where a is the distance between the orbiting object (in this case, the spacecraft) and the center of the orbited object (in this case the Earth), and [tex]\mu[/tex] is a constant dependent on the orbited object, it's called Standard Gravitational Parameter, for the Earth it has a value of [tex]3.986 \cdot 10^{14} \cdot \frac{m^3}{s^2}[/tex].
Since the radius of the Earth is 6371 Km, then a would be 6671 Km. Plugging values on the formula, and making sure to apply the correct units (notice how a is expressed in Km and [tex]\mu[/tex] has units of meter cube), we get that the orbital period is 5422 seconds, which is around one hour and half.
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Suppose you are a particle of water in a lake. Describe what happens to you when a motorboat passes by. Be sure to use words like vibration and crest in your description.
Ball 1 is thrown into the air and it follows the trajectory for projectile motion shown in the drawing. at the instant it is at the top of its trajectory, ball 2 is dropped from rest at the same height. just before they reach the ground, the velocity of ball 1 has a horizontal component vx and a vertical component vy. ball 2 only has a vertical component. which ball has the greater vertical component?
Water (2510 g ) is heated until it just begins to boil. if the water absorbs 5.01×105 j of heat in the process, what was the initial temperature of the water?\
Morgan has a mass of 85 kg and is on top of a bed in such a position that she can apply a pressure of 9530 n/m^2 on the mattress. would you calculate that morgan is standing sitting or lying on the bed.
To determine Morgan's position on the bed (whether standing, sitting, or lying), one must calculate the area of contact she has with the bed using her mass and the pressure she exerts. By comparing the calculated contact area with typical areas for different positions, one can infer her position.
Explanation:The question asks to determine whether Morgan is standing, sitting, or lying on the bed based on the pressure she exerts on the mattress and her mass of 85 kg. Pressure is defined as the force applied per unit area; in this case, force is due to Morgan's weight. Given that Morgan's weight (W) is the product of her mass (m) and Earth's gravity (g), we can write W = m * g = 85 kg * 9.81 m/s2. The weight finds us the force Morgan exerts downward.
To find the area of contact (A), we rearrange the pressure formula P = F/A, to A = F/P. Inserting the given pressure (P = 9530 N/m2) and her weight calculated earlier, we can find the area. A smaller contact area would suggest standing, while a larger area would suggest sitting or lying down. For example, if calculated area is around the size of feet, she's likely standing; if it's larger - similar to a body's contact area when sitting or much larger - she's sitting or lying down, respectively.
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A box is at rest with respect to the surface of a flatbed truck. the coefficient of static friction between the box and the surface is μs. (a) find an expression for the maximum acceleration of the truck so that the box remains at rest with respect to the truck. your expression should be in terms of μs and g. how does your answer change if the mass of the box is doubled?
The maximum acceleration of the truck so that the box remains at rest can be determined using the coefficient of static friction and gravity, which gives us an expression of a_max = µ_s * g. Doubling the mass of the box does not change the maximum acceleration.
Explanation:The maximum acceleration of the truck such that the box remains at rest can be derived from Newton's Second Law, which shows that the force of friction must balance the force due to acceleration. The force of static friction can be calculated as the coefficient of static friction times the normal force, which for a box on a flatbed truck is equal to the mass of the box times gravity. In equation form, we have F_f = µ_s * m * g, where F_f is the static friction force, µ_s is the coefficient of static friction, m is the mass of the box, and g is the acceleration due to gravity.
To calculate the maximum acceleration of the truck, we can equate the force of static friction to the force due to acceleration (F = m * a), which gives us the equation µ_s * m * g = m * a_max, where a_max is the maximum acceleration. Simplifying the equation gives us a_max = µ_s * g as the maximum acceleration of the truck such that the box remains at rest.
If the mass of the box is doubled, the maximum acceleration of the truck required for the box to remain at rest would remain the same. This is because while the force of friction would double due to the increased mass, the force needed to accelerate the box would also double, keeping the acceleration unchanged.
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A 1.20 g sample of an unknown has a volume of 1.73 cm what is the density of the unknown
Final answer:
The density of the unknown substance with a mass of 1.20 g and volume of 1.73 cm³ is found by dividing the mass by the volume, yielding approximately 0.694 g/cm³.
Explanation:
The question involves calculating the density of an unknown substance given its mass and volume. To find the density, the formula Density = Mass/Volume is used. In this case, the mass of the unknown substance is 1.20 grams (g) and its volume is 1.73 cubic centimeters (cm³).
Using the formula:
Density = Mass/Volume
Density = 1.20 g / 1.73 cm³
Density = 0.693641618497 g/cm³
Thus, the density of the unknown is approximately 0.694 g/cm³ (rounded to three decimal places).
If an object mechanical energy is equal to its potential energy how much Connecticut energy does the object have
if you were trying to locate a single star that was less luminous than the sun, but with hotter surface temperature, which group would you look in?
A. Super Giants
B. White Dwarfs
C. Main Sequence
D. Giants
Answer = ???
What do you guys think?
White Dwarfs are less luminous than the sun, but with hotter surface temperatures. Therefore, option (B) is correct.
What are White Dwarfs?A white dwarf can be described as a stellar core remnant made mostly of electron-degenerate matter. A white dwarf is dense because its mass is comparable to the Sun's and volume is comparable to the Earth's.
A white dwarf has faint luminosity which comes from the emission of residual thermal energy and no fusion occurs in a white dwarf. There are currently eight white dwarfs among the 100 star systems nearest the Sun.
The material in a white dwarf has no fusion reactions, so there is no source of energy. It cannot support itself by the energy generated by fusion but is supported by electron degeneracy pressure.
A carbon-oxygen white dwarf approaches this mass limit by mass transfer from a companion star and may explode as a kind Ia supernova via a process called carbon detonation.
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Which best describes the beginning of the Big Bang Theory?
A. All matter in the universe was compressed into a single point.
B. The universe will eventually collapse into a black hole.
C. Stars form from giant masses of gas and dust.
A. All matter in the universe was compressed Into a single point.
(apex)
A. All matter in the universe was compressed Into a single point. this option describes the big bang theory.
What is the Big Bang theory?The Big Bang hypothesis states that all of the current and past matter in the Universe came into existence at the same time, roughly 13.8 billion years ago.
At this time, all matter was compacted into a very small ball with infinite density and intense heat called Singularity.
The universe begin;
The Big Bang was the moment 13.8 billion years ago when the universe began as a tiny, dense, fireball that exploded.
Here Most astronomers use the Big Bang theory to explain how the universe began, But what caused this explosion in the first place is still a mystery.
Thus matter was compressed into a single point and then exploded outward to form the universe describes the big bang theory.
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Because not all stars are the same distance from the earth, it can be difficult to determine
A fly has a mass of 1 gram at rest. how fast would it have to be traveling to have the mass of a large suv, which is about 3000 kilograms?
We solve this using special
relativity. Special relativity actually places the relativistic mass to be the
rest mass factored by a constant "gamma". The gamma is equal to 1/sqrt
(1 - (v/c)^2).
We want a ratio of 3000000 to 1, or 3 million to 1.
Therefore:
3E6 = 1/sqrt (1 - (v/c)^2)
1 - (v/c)^2 = (0.000000333)^2
0.99999999999999 = (v/c)^2
0.99999999999999 = v/c
v= 99.999999999999% of the speed of light ~ speed of light
v = 3 x 10^8 m/s
Final answer:
A fly must travel at speeds approaching the speed of light to have the mass of an SUV according to the theory of relativity. However, such speeds are practically impossible to achieve due to energy limitations and physical laws.
Explanation:
To understand how fast a fly must travel to have the mass of a large SUV, we first need to consider the concept of relativistic mass.
Relativistic mass is an object's mass when it is moving and is given by the equation m = m0 / sqrt(1 - v^2/c^2), where m0 is the rest mass, v is the velocity of the object, and c is the speed of light in a vacuum (approximately 3 x 108 m/s).
Setting the relativistic mass m equal to the mass of an SUV (3000 kg) and solving for v theoretically reveals the speed. However, the answer lies in the realm of speeds very close to the speed of light, indicating an exponential increase in mass as speed approaches c.
This illustrates a principle of Einstein's theory of relativity: as an object's speed approaches the speed of light, its mass approaches infinity, requiring infinite energy to reach c.
Practically, even for an immense acceleration, a fly cannot reach such speeds due to the limitations of energy sources and the law of physics as we understand them. Thus, the question is more theoretical than practical, highlighting the fascinating insights of relativistic physics rather than providing a scenario that could occur in the real world.
parallel and series circuits
I am quite confused as to how I can tackle this question
What is an area of land in which all freshwater converges into the largest stream, ultimately draining into the largest body of water? hints what is an area of land in which all freshwater converges into the largest stream, ultimately draining into the largest body of water? estuary wetland spring watershed?
The answer is watershed. It is an area of land that drains all the rainfall and streams to a shared passage for instance, mouth of a bay, the outflow of a reservoir, or any point alongside a stream network. The word watershed is occasionally used interchangeably with catchment or drainage basin. This contains surface water like reservoirs, streams, lakes, and wetlands.
Answer:
THe answer is watershed
Explanation:
During a softball game, a shortstop catch a ground ball. The action forces is the ball pushing on the glove. What is the reaction?
A. The fielder pushing on the ball
B. The ball pushing on the ground
C. The glove pushing on the ball
D. The ground pushing on the ball
Answer:
The answer is C. The glove pushing on the ball. I took a test that had this exact question and it was correct.
What organic materials make up limestone? What type of mineral and what percent of it determine if a rock is limestone?
Calcium carbonate is one f the most commonly found material found in limestone rocks. The composition of calcium and magnesium as it commonly made of fossils, shells, and debris.
Calcite is a mineral that is highly found in limestone. More than 50 % of the rocks are made from this mineral. About 95% of calcite and 5% is dolomite. Other minerals include quartz, feldspar, clay minerals, pyrite, siderite in small percentages.Hence the rocks can be easily be identified by the white to grayish color and presence of lime content in rocks.
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the blank secrets chemical messages that circulate through the blood and also communicates messages that influence behavior and many aspects of the biological functioning
Which statement is true about the atoms in helium gas?
A. They have strong attractions to one another.
B. They are not closely packed.
C. They are arranged in an orderly pattern.
D. They travel in circular paths.
Compute the flux of the vector field f⃗ =xi⃗ +yj⃗ +zk⃗ through the surface s, which is a closed cylinder of radius 1, centered on the x-axis, with −1≤x≤1, and oriented outward.
To compute the flux of a vector field through a closed cylinder, we can calculate the flux through the flat ends (which is zero) and the curved surface. Using the formula for flux, we can integrate the vector field over the curved surface to find the flux. Finally, the total flux is the sum of the fluxes through the flat ends and the curved surface.
Explanation:To compute the flux of the vector field ᴳᵃ = ᴿxᵃ + ᴿyᵃ + ᴿzᵃ through the surface s, which is a closed cylinder of radius 1, centered on the x-axis, with -1 ≤ x ≤ 1, and oriented outward, we can use the formula:
∫ ᴳᵃ · ᵙA = ∫ ᴳᵃ · ᵣ ᴾ/
Calculate the flux through the flat ends of the cylinder. Since the normal vector points in the same direction as the vector field, the flux through each end is zero.Calculate the flux through the curved surface of the cylinder. Since the normal vector is perpendicular to the vector field, the flux through the curved surface can be computed as:∫ ᴳᵃ · ᵣ ᴿ = ∫ ᴿxᵃ · ᵣ ᴿ + ∫ ᴿyᵃ · ᵣ ᴿ + ∫ ᴿzᵃ · ᵣ ᴿ
Substituting the values, we get:
∫ ᴳᵃ · ᵣ ᴿ = ∫ (x)(dx)(dz) + ∫ (y)(dy)(dz) + ∫ (z)(dz)(dx)
Integrating with respect to x, y, and z within the given limits, we can find the flux through the curved surface. Finally, the total flux through the surface s is the sum of the fluxes through the flat ends and the curved surface.
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To compute the flux of the vector field through the surface of a closed cylinder, we can use Gauss's Law for Electromagnetism. The flux is given by the surface integral of the dot product between the vector field and the outward normal vector over the surface. First, compute the flux through the flat ends of the cylinder. Next, compute the flux through the curved surface. Add the flux through the flat ends and the curved surface to obtain the total flux through the surface.
Explanation:To compute the flux of the vector field ƒ = xi + yj + zk through the surface S, which is a closed cylinder of radius 1 centered on the x-axis, we can use Gauss's Law for Electromagnetism. The flux is given by the surface integral of the dot product between the vector field and the outward normal vector over the surface S.
First, compute the flux through the flat ends of the cylinder. Since the vector field is perpendicular to the surface at these points, the dot product simplifies to the magnitude of the vector field times the area of the end faces. Next, compute the flux through the curved surface. Use the fact that the outward normal vector is parallel to the vector field at each point on the curved surface. Therefore, the dot product simplifies to the magnitude of the vector field times the area of the curved surface. Add the flux through the flat ends and the curved surface to obtain the total flux through the surface S. Learn more about flux of vector field here:
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What’s the velocity of an 11-kilogram object with 792 joules of kinetic energy?
7 m/s
8 m/s
9 m/s
11 m/s
12 m/s
Answer:
12 m/s bye
Explanation:
The velocity of the object is 12 m/s. The correct answer is 12 m/s. The correct option is (e).
The kinetic energy (KE) of an object can be calculated using the formula:
KE = 0.5 × m × v²
Where:
KE is the kinetic energy
m is the mass of the object
v is the velocity of the object
The object has a mass of 11 kilograms and kinetic energy of 792 joules, we can rearrange the formula to solve for velocity:
v² = (2 × KE) / m
v = √((2 × KE) / m)
v = √((2 × 792) / 11)
v = 12 m/s
So, the correct answer is 12 m/s. The correct option is (e).
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A light platform is suspended from the ceiling by a spring. A student with a mass of 90 kg climbs onto the platform. When it stops bouncing and reaches its new equilibrium position (x=0), the student notices that the spring has stretched 0.82 m. The student's friend pulls the platform down 0.32 m further and then releases it at t=0. What is the amplitude of the motion of the student on the platform?
A rocket is launched at an angle of 56.0 degrees above the horizontal with an initial speed of 105 m/s. The rocket moves for 3.00 s along its initial line of motion with an acceleration of 28.0 m/s^2. At the time, it’s engines fail and the rocket proceeds to move as a projectile
How much energy is needed to heat and melt 3.0 kg of copper initially at 83°C?
450 kcal
430 kcal
280 kcal
130 kcal
Final answer:
To heat and melt 3.0 kg of copper initially at 83°C, we need to calculate the heat required for both steps: heating the copper to its melting point and then melting the copper. Heating the copper requires a certain amount of heat energy, while melting the copper requires another amount of heat energy. By adding these two amounts together, we can find the total energy needed.
Explanation:
To calculate the amount of energy needed to heat and melt 3.0 kg of copper initially at 83°C, we need to consider two steps: heating the copper to its melting point and then melting the copper.
First, we calculate the heat required to heat the copper from 83°C to its melting point (which is approximately 1084°C). We can use the formula Q = m * c * ∆T, where Q is the heat energy, m is the mass, c is the specific heat capacity, and ∆T is the temperature change. In this case, ∆T = (1084 - 83)°C = 1001°C.
Second, we calculate the heat required to melt the copper. We can use the formula Q = m * L, where L is the latent heat of fusion. The latent heat of fusion for copper is approximately 334 kJ/kg. Since we have 3.0 kg of copper, the heat required to melt it is 3.0 kg * 334 kJ/kg = 1002 kJ.
Adding the two amounts of heat energy together, we get a total of 1002 kJ + Q from step one.
What is the approximate size of the smallest object on the earth that astronauts can resolve by eye when they are orbiting 250 km above the earth? assume λ = 500 nm and a pupil diameter of 5.00 mm?
The approximate size of the smallest object on Earth that astronauts can resolve by eye when they are orbiting 250 km above the Earth is approximately 8.2 mm.
Explanation:The approximate size of the smallest object on Earth that astronauts can resolve by eye when they are orbiting 250 km above the Earth can be calculated using the formula for the minimum resolvable angle, which is given by:
θ = 1.22 * (λ / D)
where θ is the minimum resolvable angle, λ is the average wavelength of light (500 nm), and D is the diameter of the pupil (5.00 mm).
By rearranging the formula and solving for D, we can find:
D = λ / θ = (500 nm) / (1.22 * (250 km))
After converting the units to meters, we get:
D ≈ 8.2 mm
Therefore, the approximate size of the smallest object on Earth that astronauts can resolve by eye when they are orbiting 250 km above the Earth is approximately 8.2 mm.
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Problem 2.1 (closed system) a piston-cylinder device contains 25 g of saturated water vapor that is maintained at a constant pressure of 300 kpa. a resistance heater within the cylinder is turned on and passes a current i) of 0.2 a for 5 min for a 120 v source. at the same time, a heat loss of 3.7 kj occurs. determine the final temperature of the steam.
Which of the following is an appropriate unit for speed? *note: you can choose more than one.
A. miles/hour
B. meters/second
C. blocks/min
D. newtons/sec
Questioning is the beginning of the scientific inquiry process. True or False
The elements least likely to form bonds are found in what group
Answer:
Group 18
Explanation:
Group 18 comprises of Noble elements (Neon, Krypton, Argon etc). These elements have complete outer shell that is complete octet. According to octet rule, the elements which have less than 8 electrons in their valence shell tend to bond with another element in order to complete their outer shell configuration.
Thus, group 18 elements are least likely to form bonds.