1. What conditions must be met for information to be considered true science?

2. How do scientific laws and theories differ?

3. Is it possible for a scientific theory to become a law? Why or why not?

To solve this Physics problem, the equations of projectile motion were utilized. The flight time was calculated to be 2.27 seconds and the range was found to be 78.4 meters.

The subject of your question falls under projectile motion in Physics. If a cannonball is fired with an initial speed of 40 m/s at a launch angle of 30° from a cliff that's 25m tall, it has both horizontal and vertical components of motion.

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Answer:

increase the temperature.

Explanation:

To learn more about the experiences of an African American pioneer in a scientific field, researching figures like Dr. Percy Julian, a chemist, or Dr. Charles Drew, a medical researcher, would be insightful. Additionally, delving into 19th-century African American inventors and the legacy of African American women journalists can broaden one's understanding of the impacts made by these trailblazers in their respective fields.

If you are interested in learning more about the experiences of an African American pioneer in a scientific field, one impactful individual to research would be Dr. Percy Julian. He was a chemist who made significant contributions to the synthesis of medical drugs such as cortisone, steroids, and birth control pills. Moreover, you might want to explore the work of Dr. Charles Drew, a surgeon and medical researcher who developed improved techniques for blood storage and established large-scale blood banks early in World War II, saving countless lives.

Looking into the contributions of African American inventors of the 19th century can provide insight into the enduring impacts of their innovations on today's society. Furthermore, understanding how pioneering African American women journalists have opened opportunities for diverse voices in media can offer a broader perspective on the intersection of race, gender, and professional progress in the field of journalism.

Delving into Black history, one realizes its significance in identifying overlooked figures who have shaped our present. This could involve investigating individuals who played key roles in impactful events, like the psychologists whose research influenced the Brown v. Board of Education civil rights case. Identifying such individuals not only honors their contributions but also fosters a more inclusive understanding of history's narrative.

The minimum coefficient of static friction required to keep the mug from sliding is 0.31

Acceleration is rate of change of velocity.

[tex]\large {\boxed {a = \frac{v - u}{t} } }[/tex]

[tex]\large {\boxed {d = \frac{v + u}{2}~t } }[/tex]

a = acceleration (m / s²)v = final velocity (m / s)

u = initial velocity (m / s)

t = time taken (s)

d = distance (m)

Let us now tackle the problem!

This problem is about Newton's Law of Motion.

Given:

θ = 17°

Unknown:

μ = ?

Solution:

[tex]\Sigma Fy = ma[/tex]

[tex]N - w \cos \theta = m (0)[/tex]

[tex]N - w \cos \theta = 0[/tex]

[tex]\boxed {N = w \cos \theta}[/tex] → Equation 1

[tex]\Sigma Fx = ma[/tex]

[tex]w \sin \theta - f = m (0)[/tex]

[tex]w \sin \theta - f = 0[/tex]

[tex]f = w \sin \theta[/tex]

[tex]\mu N = w \sin \theta[/tex]

[tex]\mu w \cos \theta = w \sin \theta[/tex] ← Equation 1

[tex]\mu = (w \sin \theta) \div ( w \cos \theta )[/tex]

[tex]\mu = \tan \theta[/tex]

[tex]\mu = \tan 17^o[/tex]

[tex]\mu \approx 0.31[/tex]

Grade: High School

Subject: Physics

Chapter: Dynamics

Keywords: Velocity , Driver , Car , Deceleration , Acceleration , Obstacle , Speed , Time , Rate , Mug , Friction , Coefficient , Static

The magnitude of frictional force exerted on the mug is [tex]\fbox{\begin\\({2.865}\right))m\end{minispace}}[/tex] and the coefficient of static friction is [tex]\fbox{0.31}[/tex].

Further explanation:

The opposition that every object feels when it moves is known as the frictional force. This is an opposing force. It always acts in the opposite direction of the motion of the object.

Given:

The angle of inclination of plane is [tex]{17^ \circ }[/tex].  

The acceleration due to gravity is [tex]9.8\,{\text{m/}}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}[/tex].

Concept used:

The frictional force is defined as the opposition of motion of any object or body.  It is also defined as the product of coefficient of friction to the normal force exerted on the body.

The expression for the net force exerted on the mug is given as.

   [tex]\fbox{\begin\\{F_{{\text{net}}}} = mg\sin \theta\end{minispace}}[/tex]                                          …… (1)

Here,[tex]m[/tex] is the mass of the mug, [tex]g[/tex] is the acceleration due to gravity and[tex]\theta[/tex]  is the inclination angle.

The force that keeps the body at rest is known as the static friction force. It also acts in the opposite direction of motion of body.

The expression for the static frictional force is given as.

[tex]{F_s} = {\mu _s}N[/tex]                                                                  ..…. (2)

Here,[tex]{\mu _s}[/tex] is the coefficient of static frictional force and [tex]N[/tex] is the normal force exerted on the body.

When mug is placed on the inclined plane the static frictional force is equal to the frictional force. The vertical component of weight is balanced by the normal reaction of the mug.

The expression for the normal force is given as.

[tex]N-mg\cos\theta=0[/tex]

Rearrange the above expression.

[tex]N=mg\cos\theta[/tex]

Substitute[tex]mg\cos\theta[/tex]  for [tex]N[/tex] in equation (2).

[tex]{F_s} = {\mu _s}\left( {mg\cos \theta } \right)[/tex]

Here static frictional force is same as the frictional force exerted on the mug.

Substitute [tex]mg\sin\theta[/tex] for[tex]{F_s}[/tex] in above expression and rearrange it.

[tex]{\mu _s} = \dfrac{{\left( {mg\sin \theta } \right)}}{{\left( {mg\cos \theta } \right)}}[/tex]  

Rearrange the above expression.

[tex]\fbox{\begin\\{{\mu _s} = \tan \theta}\end{minispace}}[/tex]               …… (3)

Substitute[tex]{17^ \circ }[/tex]for [tex]\theta[/tex] and [tex]9.8\,{\text{m/}}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}[/tex] for [tex]g[/tex]in equation (1).

[tex]\begin{aligned}{F_{{\text{net}}}} &= m\left( {9.8\,{\text{m/}}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}}\right)\sin\left({{{17}^\circ}}\right)\\&=\left( {2.865}\right)m \\\end{aligned}[/tex]

Substitute [tex]{17^ \circ }[/tex]for [tex]\theta[/tex] in equation (3).

[tex]\begin{gathered}{\mu_s}=\tan\left( {{{17}^\circ }}\right)\\= 0.306 \\\end{gathered}[/tex]

Thus, the coefficient of static friction is [tex]0.31[/tex] and the magnitude of frictional force is [tex](2.865)m[/tex].

Learn more:

1.  Conservation of momentum https://brainly.com/question/9484203

2.  Motion of a ball under gravity https://brainly.com/question/10934170

3. Motion of a block under friction https://brainly.com/question/7031524

Answer Details:

Grade: College

Subject: Physics

Chapter: Kinematics

Keywords:

Friction, acceleration, carpeted floor, mug, inclined plane, force, relative motion, motion, normal reaction, net force, mass, surface, oppose, 9.8 m/s2, 17 degree, 0.67 m/s^2, 0.3006, 0.31, (2.865)m, (2.87)m.

Final answer:

Thermal energy is required to initiate the distillation process, which separates salt from water by heating the mixture until the water boils and evaporates.

Explanation:

The type of energy required to begin the distilling process for separating salt from water is thermal energy. To start distilling the mixture, you would typically use a heating source, like a Bunsen burner, to provide enough energy to bring the water to its boiling point. During the distillation process, the heat causes the water to evaporate, leaving the salt behind. The vapor then condenses back to liquid form when it comes into contact with a cool surface, and it is collected separately as distilled water while the salt remains in the distillation flask.

Final answer:

The type of energy required to begin the distilling process is heat energy. Distillation involves boiling a liquid and then condensing the resulting vapor to collect the liquid elsewhere. In the case of salt dissolved in water, heating the flask causes the water to boil and separate from the salt.

Explanation:

The type of energy that is required to begin the distilling process is heat energy.

Distillation is a process that involves boiling a liquid and then condensing the resulting vapor to collect the liquid elsewhere. In the case of salt dissolved in water, heating the flask causes the water to boil and the vapors to travel to a cool surface where they condense, leaving behind the solid salt. This process requires the input of heat energy to raise the temperature of the water to its boiling point and initiate the distillation.

For example, if a Bunsen burner is used to heat the flask, initially heating the flask at a rapid rate is required to reach the boiling point of the water. Once boiling or foaming occurs, the burner can be turned down or waved to moderate the distillation rate.

Power is a measure of how quickly work is done or how quickly energy is transferred. The relationship between work and power is (P) = W ÷ t

The following equation describes how work and power are related:

Power (P) = W ÷ t

The power production is larger when the same amount of work is completed in less time. On the other hand, if the work is spread out over more time, the power production is lower.

For instance, if two people work equally hard but one does the task faster than the other, that person is exerting more power than the person who takes longer.

This relationship demonstrates how power is influenced by both the quantity and duration of work.

Therefore, The relationship between work and power is (P) = W ÷ t

To know more about the power:

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Final answer:

The four steps in the machine cycle of a four-stroke gasoline engine are Intake, Compression, Combustion (Power), and Exhaust, often termed the Otto cycle.

Explanation:

Steps in the Machine Cycle:

The four steps in the machine cycle for a common four-stroke gasoline engine are Intake, Compression, Combustion (Power), and Exhaust. During the Intake step, a mixture of gasoline and air is drawn into the engine's combustion chamber. Next is the Compression step, where the piston compresses the mixture, increasing its temperature. The Combustion (Power) step follows, which ignites the compressed mixture, causing a rapid expansion of gases that push the piston. Lastly, the Exhaust step releases the combustion gases from the chamber. This process is often referred to as the Otto cycle and is central to the operation of many internal combustion engines.

Final answer:

Neil has a total of 1 1/30 gallons of paint when combining three partially full cans containing 1/3, 1/5, and 1/2 gallon of paint, after converting them to a common denominator and summing them up.

Explanation:

The student is asking about the total quantity of paint Neil has when combining three partially full cans with varying amounts. To find the total, we need to add the fractional quantities together: 1/3 gallon, 1/5 gallon, and 1/2 gallon of paint.

To add these fractions, they must have a common denominator. The least common denominator for 3, 5, and 2 is 30. Converting each fraction to have a denominator of 30, we get:

Adding these together, we have:

10/30 + 6/30 + 15/30 = 31/30

This result simplifies to 1 1/30 gallons. Therefore, Neil has a little more than one gallon of paint in total.

Answer:

work done on the object will be 10 J

Explanation:

As we know by work energy theorem that work done by all the forces is equal to change in kinetic energy

It is given as

[tex]K_f - K_i = W[/tex]

here we know that

[tex]K_i = 40 J[/tex]

now its 10 J of potential energy is converted into kinetic energy

Which means the kinetic energy finally becomes

[tex]K_f = 40 + 10 = 50 J[/tex]

now by above equation we know that

[tex]W = K_f - K_i[/tex]

[tex]W = 50 - 40 = 10 J[/tex]

so work done on the object will be 10 J

Answer : Density of the substance is [tex]8.9\ g/cm^3[/tex]              

Explanation :

The volume of the substance, [tex]V=10\ cm^3[/tex]

Mass of the substance, [tex]M=89\ g[/tex]

The density of a substance is defined as the mass per unit volume.

[tex]\rho=\dfrac{m}{V}[/tex]  

[tex]\rho=\dfrac{89\ g}{10\ cm^3}[/tex]

[tex]\rho=8.9\ g/cm^3[/tex]            

So, the correct option is (b).

Hence, this is the required solution.              

The take off speed (final velocity) is:

v = 1.0 m/s

The total distance taken is:

d = 0.50 mm = 5 x 10^-4 m

To find the acceleration a, we use the formula: (vi is initial velocity = 0)

v^2 = vi^2 + 2 a d

(1.0 m/s)^2 = 2 a (5 x 10^-4 m)

a = 1,000 m/s^2

Final answer:

Before school, examples of Newton's laws of motion include remaining seated at breakfast due to inertia, lifting a backpack which demonstrates the second law with force and acceleration, and walking to the bus stop where action and reaction forces illustrate the third law.

Explanation:

Examples of Newton's Laws Before School

Newton's laws of motion are fundamental in understanding how forces affect motion in our daily lives. To apply these laws, we start by selecting an object and listing all the forces acting on it. This approach helps us solve problems involving various forces, such as friction, the normal force, and gravitational force.

First Law (Inertia): As you sit at breakfast, your body is at rest. Unless an unbalanced force acts upon you, you will remain stationary. The force of gravity pulls you down in your chair, and the normal force from the chair supports you from falling through.

Second Law (F=ma): When you pick up your backpack, the force you exert is equal to the mass of the backpack multiplied by the acceleration you give it. If the backpack is heavy (has more mass), it requires more force to accelerate.

Third Law (Action-Reaction): As you push off the ground to walk to the bus stop, your feet apply a force to the ground, and the ground pushes back with an equal and opposite force. This reaction force propels you forward.

These everyday examples show the application of Newton's three laws of motion, from the breakfast table to the walk to the bus stop, illustrating friction, the normal force, and gravitational force at play.

Answer: C

Explanation: this is called an isotope which has equal number of protons but different numbers of neutrons in the nucleus hence different atomic mass but no difference in chemical properties.

Answer: The correct answer is torque.

Explanation:

When a loop of current carrying wire turns continuously in a magnetic field then torque will act on the loop. The loop tends to rotate such that its normal becomes aligned with magnetic field. Torque is a force which rotate the object about an axis.

Torque depends on the orientation of normal to the coil to the direction of the magnetic field.

Therefore, when a loop of current-carrying wire turns continuously in a magnetic field, torque is created.  

Final answer:

The speed of an electron moving in a circle can be found using the centripetal force formula F = mv²/r by substituting the known values of force, mass, and radius and solving for v.

Explanation:

To calculate the speed of the electron moving in a circular path with a given radius, we can use the centripetal force formula. The centripetal force F required to keep an object of mass m moving at a speed v on a circular path of radius r is given by the equation F = mv²/r. Given that the force acting on the electron is 4.60 x 10⁻¹⁴ N, the mass of the electron is 9.11 x 10⁻³¹ kg, and the radius of the circular path is 2.00 x 10⁻² m, we can substitute these values into the centripetal force formula and solve for v.

Re-arranging the formula:

v = √(Fr/m)

Substituting the known values:

v = √((4.60 x 10⁻¹⁴ N)(2.00 x 10⁻² m) / (9.11 x 10⁻³¹ kg))

Performing the calculation will give us the speed of the electron.

Answer: Third option; "travels slower in solids because particles are close together"

Explanation: While in the air the particles are very freely and the sound does not need to do a lot of work, in a dense material this is not the case. The particles are more close together, and this causes that in a fixed distance, the sound wave needs to move more particles in a solid than in the air. This makes the sound wave to travel slower when it is in a solid.

Marta's study is based on how much junk food/ healthy food does boys vs. girls consume.

Answer:

Marta already thinks one group eats healthier than the other.

Marta does not clearly define “healthy foods.”

Explanation:

I Honestly Think Its A, If Its Wrong Im Sorry. But Im Sure Its A

The balance is both precise and accurate, as the measurements of 498 g, 501 g, 499 g, and 500 g are all close to the true value of 500 g, and the variations are minor, indicating consistency and correctness.

When assessing the performance of your balance through multiple measurements, two concepts are of utmost importance: precision and accuracy. Precision refers to the consistency of repeated measurements, while accuracy refers to how close those measurements are to the true or accepted value.

In your case, the measurements on the balance were 498 g, 501 g, 499 g, and 500 g. Since the true mass of the standard is 500 g and your measurements are all very close to this value, your balance is both precise and accurate. The minor variations in measurement are within a reasonable range, suggesting that the balance repeatedly gives results very close to the true mass.

Therefore, the best description for your balance is option 1): precise and accurate. Your initial instinct was correct, as these results show a tight grouping around the true value (precision) and the true value itself is within the range of the measurements (accuracy).

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Answer:

5.0 km west

Explanation:

Velocity is the ratio between displacement and time taken for the motion:

[tex]v=\frac{d}{t}[/tex]

where d is the displacement and t the time taken.

In this problem, we know:

- velocity: [tex]v= 15.0 km/h[/tex]

- time taken: [tex]t=20 min=\frac{1}{3}h[/tex]

So, we can re-arrange the formula to calculate the displacement:

[tex]d=vt=(15.0 km/h)(\frac{1}{3}h)=5.0 km[/tex]

and the displacement has the same direction of the velocity (to the west)