Ionic bonding involves transfer of electrons while covalent bonding involves sharing. Robert Boyle is the scientist who observed gas behavior and acids are corrosive to metals. Different types of matter do melt at different temperatures.
Explanation:The correct answers here are: 1. A. transfer, sharing. Ionic bonding indeed involves the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, resulting in positively and negatively charged ions that are attracted to each other. In contrast, covalent bonding involves the sharing of electrons between atoms.
2. B. Boyle. Robert Boyle is the scientist who found that gas expands to fill the space of a container and is composed of particles that can move. This is known as Boyle's law.
3. B. corrosive. When acids come into contact with metals, they can often be corrosive, causing the metal to deteriorate.
4. True, different types of matter indeed melt at different temperatures. This is part of the fundamental understanding of different states of matter.
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The __________ is a thin fiber that carries signals away from the cell body.
Answer:
axon
Explanation:
Axon is a thin fiber that carries signals away from the cell body. It is an extension responsible for transmitting signals to other cells, such as another neuron, glands or muscles. It is characterized by being longer than dendrites and can reach up to one meter in length in some species. In some neurons, the axon myelin sheath is observed, which is produced by two types of glial cells: the oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system.
How are bases named?
A. like monatomic elements
B. like polyatomic ions
C. like ionic compounds
D. like molecular compounds
Bases are named like ionic compounds.
Explanation;Ionic compounds are compounds that are formed as a result of ionic bond between metal and non-metal. This occurs as a result of transfer of electrons between the atoms involved where one losses electrons to form a cation and the other gains electrons to form an anion.Most bases like the ionic compounds they contain a cation and an anion, which forms a compound. An example would be: KOH (potassium hydroxide) and Ca(OH)2 is calcium hydroxide.Bases are named using the following convention:
C. like ionic compounds.How are bases named?Bases are substances that can accept protons (H+) or donate pairs of electrons. They typically consist of a metal cation and a hydroxide anion (OH-). When naming bases, the name of the metal cation is written first, followed by the word "hydroxide."
For example:
Sodium hydroxide: NaOH
Calcium hydroxide: Ca(OH)2
Potassium hydroxide: KOH
In these examples, the metal cations (sodium, calcium, and potassium) are named first, followed by the word "hydroxide," which represents the hydroxide anion (OH-). The resulting compounds are ionic in nature.
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A fish is removed from a contaminated lake. You determine that a particular toxin (X) is present in its cells at concentration X = 1,500 μg/L. You place the fish in a tank full of clean water (X = 0 μg/L), and measure the toxin concentration in the fish cells each day for the next 10 days.
After making your hypothesis, you test it by measuring the toxin levels in the fish at various times during its 10 days in the tank. You observe that the level of toxin in the fish drops from 1,500 μg/L to 750 μg/L and then stabilizes at 750 μg/L. You test the water in the tank and find that after it stabilizes, toxin is present in the water at concentration 750 μg/L also. What can you do to continue to reduce the toxin level in the fish below 750 μg/L?
Perform regular water changes and maintain a clean tank environment to reduce the toxin level in the fish below 750 μg/L.
Explanation:To continue to reduce the toxin level in the fish below 750 μg/L, one option is to perform a water change in the tank. By regularly replacing a portion of the tank water with clean, toxin-free water, the overall concentration of the toxin in the tank will decrease, which can then help lower the toxin level in the fish's cells. Another option is to use activated carbon or other filtration systems in the tank to absorb the toxin from the water.
Besides these actions, it's crucial to monitor and ensure the water in the tank remains clean. This includes maintaining proper filtration, regular water testing, and addressing any sources of contamination. By preventing recontamination and providing a clean environment, the toxin level in the fish can be further reduced.
In summary, to continue reducing the toxin level in the fish below 750 μg/L, performing regular water changes and maintaining a clean tank environment are essential steps.
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Salt (NaCl) is _____.
an acid
a base
a neutral
A 12.8 g sample of ethanol (C2H5OH) is burned in a bomb calorimeter with a heat capacity of 5.65 kJ/°C. Using the information below, determine the final temperature of the calorimeter if the initial temperature is 25.0°C. The molar mass of ethanol is 46.07 g/mol.
delta H rxn = -1235
C2H5OH + 3O2 -> 2CO2 +3H2O
The final temperature of the calorimeter is 85.71 degree C.
Heat of the reaction is -1235 kJ/mol
Heat discharged at the time of reaction is 1235 kJ/mol
The moles of ethanol are calculated by using the formula mass of ethanol / molar mass of ethanol
= 12.8 g / 46 g/mol = 0.278 moles
Thus, the no. of moles of ethanol is 0.278 moles
The heat released when ethanol is combusted is:
0.278 moles × 1235 kJ/mol = 343 kJ
The final temperature is determined as,
343 kJ = (heat capacity) (temperature difference)
343 kJ = 5.65 (T - 25)
T-25 = 343 / 5.65
T-25 = 60.71
T = 85.71 degree C
Thus, the final temperature is 85.71 degree C.
The final temperature of the system is 85.8°C.
We have the following information from the question;
Mass of ethanol = 12.8 g
Molar mass of ethanol= 46.07 g/mol
Heat of reaction= -1235 KJ/mol
Number of moles = 12.8 g/46.07 g/mol = 0.278 moles
Heat absorbed by calorimeter = number of moles × Heat of reaction =
0.278 moles × -1235 KJ/mol = -343.33 KJ
Given that;
Energy absorbed by the calorimeter = heat capacity × temperature rise
343.33 = 5.65 × (T2 - 25)
343.33 = 5.65T2 - 141.25
343.33 + 141.25 = 5.65T2
T2 = 343.33 + 141.25/5.65
T2 = 85.8°C
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Which of the following processes is most likely to multiply exponentially?
A. An uncontrolled nuclear chain reaction
B. A controlled nuclear chain reaction
C. Nuclear fusion
D. Nuclear decay
Answer: -
A. An uncontrolled nuclear chain reaction is most likely to multiply exponentially.
Explanation: -
An nuclear chain reaction produces neutrons. These neutrons then can start new nuclear fissions. In a controlled nuclear fission, the number of neutrons allowed to start new fission is controlled.
In an uncontrolled reaction, the neutrons start fission very fast. These also start new nuclear fission, releasing more neutrons.
Thus. An uncontrolled nuclear chain reaction is most likely to multiply exponentially.
Answer:A
Explanation:
Propane burns in air to produce carbon dioxide and water. What is this type of chemical reaction called?
How many grams are in 5.6 moles of C6H6
To determine the mass of 5.6 moles of C6H6, calculate the molar mass of benzene (78.108 g/mol) and multiply it by the number of moles, resulting in 437.405 grams.
Explanation:To calculate the mass of 5.6 moles of C6H6 (benzene), we start with determining the molar mass of C6H6. We do this by adding the molar masses of all the atoms present in the molecule:
Carbon (C) has a molar mass of about 12.01 g/mol, and since there are 6 carbon atoms in C6H6, we have 6 x 12.01 g/mol = 72.06 g/mol for carbon.Hydrogen (H) has a molar mass of about 1.008 g/mol, and with 6 hydrogen atoms in C6H6, we have 6 x 1.008 g/mol = 6.048 g/mol for hydrogen.Adding these together gives us the molar mass of C6H6: 72.06 g/mol + 6.048 g/mol = 78.108 g/mol.
Now, to find the number of grams in 5.6 moles of C6H6, we use the following calculation:
5.6 moles x 78.108 g/mol = 437.405 g
Therefore, 5.6 moles of C6H6 weigh 437.405 grams.
Write the complete balanced equation for the following reaction:
C4H10 + O2 yields CO2 + H2O
Now we will calculate the number of atoms on both sides of reagent and product side of the equation.
C4H10+O2→CO2+H2O
C=ll4 atoms on left; l1 atom on right
H=l10 atoms on left; 2 atoms on right
O=lll2 atoms on left; 3 atoms on right
Put 1 in front of C4H10
Now that you've done that you can start to balance the carbon atoms, placing number 4 before CO2.
1C4H10+O2→4CO2+H2O
lC=l4 atoms on left; m4 atoms on right
lH=10 atoms on left; ll2 atoms on right
lO=l2 atoms on left; lll9 atoms on right
Balance H atoms by placing a 5 in front of H2O.
1C4H10+O2→4CO2+5H2O
lC=l4 atoms on left; m4 atoms on right
lH=10 atoms on left; l10 atoms on right
lO=l2 atoms on left; ll13 atoms on right
Now you need to balance the O atoms by putting 6.5 before O2.
1C4H10+6.5O2→4CO2+5H2O
lC=l4 atoms on left; 4 atoms on right
lH = 10 atoms on left; 10 atoms on right
lO =l13 atoms on left; 13 atoms on right
To get rid of the fractions, multiply all coefficients by 2.
2C4H10+13O2→8CO2+10H2O
lC=8 atoms on left; ll8 atoms on right
H=20 atoms on left; 20 atoms on right
O=26 atoms on left; 26 atoms on right
The complete balanced equation for the following reaction C4H10 + O2 yields CO2 + H2O is....
2C4H10+13O2→8CO2+10H2O
Good luck~ Sans
Answer : The balanced chemical reaction will be,
[tex]2C_4H_{10}+13O_2\rightarrow 8CO_2+10H_2O[/tex]
Explanation :
Balanced chemical reaction : It is defined as the reaction in which the number of atoms of individual elements present on reactant side must be equal to the product side.
If the amount of atoms of each type on the left and right sides of a reaction differs then to balance the equation by adding coefficient in the front of the elements or molecule or compound in the chemical equation.
The coefficient tell us about that how many molecules or atoms present in the chemical equation.
The given chemical reaction is,
[tex]C_4H_{10}+O_2\rightarrow CO_2+H_2O[/tex]
This reaction is an unbalanced chemical reaction because in this reaction number of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms are not balanced.
In order to balance the chemical equation, the coefficient '2' is put before the [tex]C_4H_{10}[/tex], coefficient '13' is put before the [tex]O_2[/tex], coefficient '8' is put before the [tex]CO_2[/tex] and coefficient '10' is put before the [tex]H_2O[/tex] and we get the balanced chemical equation.
The balanced chemical reaction will be,
[tex]2C_4H_{10}+13O_2\rightarrow 8CO_2+10H_2O[/tex]
The surface of water can act like a sort of skin due to a property of liquids called
a.
viscosity.
b.
surface tension.
c.
condensation.
d.
evaporation.
Answer:
surface tension
Explanation:
Which atomic model was proposed as a result of J. J. Thomson’s work?
the plum pudding model
the indivisible atom model
an atom that had a lot of empty space
an atom that had a concentrated nucleus
Answer: Option (a) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
J.J. Thomson is a renowned scientist who discovered the model of atom which is known as the plum pudding model.
Through this model Thomson stated that an atom consists of small particles. These small particles are positive and negative charges present inside an atom.
Whereas Democritus stated that an atom is indivisible and thus he proposed the indivisible atom model.
Ernest Rutherford discovered that an atom has lot of empty space and this space is nucleus. As he stated that positively charged particles are known as protons which are present inside a nucleus.
Rutherford's gold foil experiment discovered that an atom has nucleus in which most of the mass of an atom is concentrated.
Thus, we can conclude that the plum pudding model was proposed as a result of J. J. Thomson’s work.
Chemistry : the atomic number of an element is 73. Is this paramagnetic or diamagnetic? :) ...?
Answer:
paramagnetic
Explanation:
Paramagnetic are those which has unpaired electrons and diamagnetic are those in which all electrons are paired.
Given the atomic number - 73
The electronic configuration is -
[tex]1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^63d^{10}4s^24p^64d^{10}5s^25p^64f^{14}5d^36s^2[/tex]
The electrons in 5d orbital = 3
These 3 will be unpaired as electrons are first singly filled.
Thus, the element is paramagnetic as the electrons are unpaired.
If there are 40 mol of NBr3 and 48 mol of NaOH, what is the excess reactant?
A) N2
B) NBr3
C) NaOH
D) HOBr
Answer:
The correct answer is option B.
Explanation:
[tex]3NaOH+2NBr_3\rightarrow 3HOBr+3NaBr+N_2[/tex]
Moles of [tex]NBr_3[/tex] = 40 mol
Moles of NaOH = 48 mol
According to reaction, 3 moles of NaOH reacts with 2 moles [tex]NBr_3[/tex]
Then ,48 moles of NaOH will reacts with:
[tex]\frac{2}{3}\times 48 mol=32 mol[/tex] of [tex]NBr_3[/tex]
Then ,40 moles of [tex]NaBr_3[/tex] will reacts with:
[tex]\frac{3}{2}\times 40 mol=60 mol[/tex] of NaOH
As we can see that 48 moles of sodium will completey react with 32 moles of nitrogen tribromide.
Moles left after reaction = 40 mol - 32 mol = 8 mol
Hence, the [tex]NBr_3[/tex] is an excessive reagent.
Answer : The correct option is (B) [tex]NBr_3[/tex]
Solution : Given,
Moles of [tex]NBr_3[/tex] = 40 mol
Moles of [tex]NaOH[/tex] = 48 mol
Now we have to calculate the limiting and excess reagent.
The balanced chemical reaction is,
[tex]2NBr_3+3NaOH\rightarrow N_2+3NaBr+3HOBr[/tex]
From the balanced reaction we conclude that
As, 3 mole of [tex]NaOH[/tex] react with 2 mole of [tex]NBr_3[/tex]
So, 48 moles of [tex]NaOH[/tex] react with [tex]\frac{48}{3}\times 2=32[/tex] moles of [tex]NBr_3[/tex]
From this we conclude that, [tex]NBr_3[/tex] is an excess reagent because the given moles are greater than the required moles and [tex]NaOH[/tex] is a limiting reagent and it limits the formation of product.
Excess moles of [tex]NBr_3[/tex] = 40 - 32 = 8 moles
Hence, the correct option is (B) [tex]NBr_3[/tex]
What is the oxidation number of Nitrogen in HNO2?
+1
-1
+3
-3
The oxidation number of Nitrogen in HNO2 is +3. This is determined using the fact that oxygen has an oxidation number of -2, and hydrogen has an oxidation number of +1 in the compound.
Explanation:The oxidation number of Nitrogen in HNO2 (nitrous acid) is +3. When determining oxidation states, we use the rule that oxygen normally has an oxidation number of -2. Since there are two oxygen atoms in nitrous acid, their combined oxidation number is -4. Knowing hydrogen has an oxidation number of +1, we can set up an equation to find the oxidation state of nitrogen (N) in HNO2. Let x represent the oxidation number of nitrogen:
H (+1) + N (x) + 2 O (-2 each) = 0 (since the compound is neutral)
1 + x - 4 = 0
x - 3 = 0
x = +3
Therefore, the oxidation number of nitrogen in HNO2 is +3, which corresponds to one of the given options.
The periodic law states that the physical and chemical properties of elements are periodic functions of their?
elements are periodic functions of their atomic.
a. Masses b. numbers c. radii d. structures
Which statement correctly describes the phosphate ion, PO3-/4?
It is composed of one phosphorus atom and four oxygen atoms covalently bonded together, and there is a –3 charge distributed over the entire ion.
It is composed of one phosphorus atom and four oxygen atoms covalently bonded together, and there is a –3 charge on the phosphorus atom.
It is composed of one phosphorus atom and four oxygen atoms ionically bonded together, and there is a –3 charge distributed over the entire ion.
It is composed of one phosphorus atom and four oxygen atoms ionically bonded together, and there is a –3 charge on the phosphorus atom.
B is not the correct answer. The -3 charge is distributed over the entire ion, so the correct answer is A.
Final answer:
The correct description of the phosphate ion, PO43-, is that "it consists of one phosphorus atom and four oxygen atoms covalently bonded, with a –3 charge spread over the entire ion". The phosphorus has five valence electrons and phosphates form through covalent bonds.
Explanation:
The correct statement describing the phosphate ion, PO43-, is that it is composed of one phosphorus atom and four oxygen atoms covalently bonded together, and there is a –3 charge distributed over the entire ion. In a phosphate ion, the phosphorus atom is at the center with four oxygen atoms surrounding it, creating a tetrahedral shape. The charges in polyatomic ions like phosphate are not localized on a single atom but are spread over the entire ion, and these ions are formed through covalent bonds, not ionic bonds, between the phosphorus and oxygen atoms.
When calculating the charge of the phosphate ion, the valence electrons of phosphorus (which are 5) minus twice the number of oxygen atoms (4 in this case) give us the overall charge of the ion: 5 - (2 × 4) = –3. This polyatomic ion can be found in various compounds such as calcium phosphate, and Ca3(PO4)2, and is essential in biological systems and various chemical reactions.
which of the following would undergo SN1 hydrolysis faster than tert-butyl chloride?
sec-butyl bromide, iso-butyl chloride, 2-bromo-2-phenyl ethane, tert-butyl iodide, 2-bromobut-1-ene, 3-bromobut-1-ene, 3-bromobut-2-ene
Also explain. ...?
Final answer:
Tert-butyl iodide reacts faster than tert-butyl chloride in SN1 hydrolysis due to iodide being a better leaving group.
Explanation:
Among the given options, tert-butyl iodide would undergo SN1 hydrolysis faster than tert-butyl chloride. This is because the rate-determining step of an SN1 reaction is the formation of a carbocation. Tert-butyl iodide and tert-butyl chloride both form the same stable tert-butyl carbocation when the leaving group departs. However, iodide is a better leaving group than chloride due to its larger size and weaker bond strength, which facilitates the formation of the carbocation.
what is bulimia? can someone explain it to me.
Answer:
It is a obsessive eating disorder. Where one eats over the average amount and then makes themselves vomit. This is called purging. It is one of 3 main eating disorders. It is a very complex and misunderstood disease. One typically confuses it with binge eating or anorexia.
which option is an example of physical properties?
A. toxicity
B. melting point
C. rusting ability
D. flammability
What type of reaction is NaCl to Na + Cl2
Final answer:
The breaking down of NaCl into Na and Cl₂ appears to be a decomposition reaction, but the provided materials suggest an electrolysis process, where NaCl and water produce NaOH, hydrogen gas, and chlorine gas through electrolysis.
Explanation:
The reaction of sodium chloride (NaCl) breaking down into sodium (Na) and chlorine gas (Cl₂) is a type of chemical reaction known as a decomposition reaction. However, in the provided materials, NaCl doesn't appear to be converted directly to Na and Cl₂; instead, more information suggests the involvement of water (H₂O), which means the reaction discussed seems to be electrolysis, where 2NaCl(aq) + 2H₂O(l) → 2NaOH(aq) + H₂(g) + Cl₂(g). This is a redox process wherein Na is reduced and Cl is oxidized. The synthesis reaction given in the materials where 2 Na(s) + Cl₂(g) → 2 NaCl(s) is more of a combination reaction.
Which of the following groups consists of reactive p-block elements?
a. group 1a
c. group 8a
b. group 2a
d. group 3a
In terms of the number of valence electrons, describe one cyclic property that can be observed in the model.
What is a cathode?
A. The electrode that releases ions into the solution
B. The electrode at which a reduction reaction occurs
C. The electrode that is oxidized in a redox reaction
D. The electrode that donates electrons to the system
Answer: B. The electrode at which a reduction reaction occurs.
Explanation: I just took the quiz (A P E X)
Cathode is the electrode at which a reduction reaction occurs.
What is Cathode ?
Cathode is the electrode which occurs at reduction and current enters the cell. Cathode attracts cations. Cathode means negative side.
Now check options one by one
Option (A): The electrode not releasers ions into the solutions because here positive ions gains electrons not lose electrons.
So option (A) is incorrect.
Option (B): The electrode at which a reduction reaction occur and current enter in the cell.
So it is correct answer.
Option (C): The electrode that is oxidized in a redox reaction is anode not cathode.
So it is incorrect answer.
Option (D): Anode is the electrode which loses the electrons.
So, option (D) is incorrect.
Thus, we can say that Cathode is the electrode at which a reduction reaction occurs.
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Which of the following best explains how water is able to dissolve ionic substances?
Answer
The positive and negative charges of the water molecule pull on the negative and positive ends of the ionic molecule to break them apart.
The strong hydrogen bond on water attracts the positive end of the ionic molecule and breaks the ionic bond.
The water molecule shares its electrons in a covalent bond with the positive end of the ionic molecule to break the ionic bond.
Water acts as a proton donor for the negative end of the ionic molecule to attract the anion and form a new ionic molecule. ...?
Answer: The positive and negative charges of the water molecule pull on the negative and positive ends of the ionic molecule to break them apart.
Explanation:
Ionic compounds dissolve in polar solvents such as water as like dissolves like. Ionic compounds are made up of ions which remain attracted by coloumbic forces.
Thus to separate the ions, the positive and negative charges of polar solvent pulls the opposite charges of the ionic compounds and thus break them apart. Thus the ionic compounds dissolve in water.
Which statement about enthalpy is true?
The enthalpy of formation for a pure element in its standard state is always positive.
The enthalpy of formation for a pure element in its standard state is always negative.
Enthalpy is a state function because its change depends only on initial and final conditions.
Enthalpy is not a state function because its change depends on the identities of the reactants and products.
Answer : Option C) Enthalpy is a state function because its change depends only on initial and final conditions.
Explanation : Enthalpy can be defined as a thermodynamic quantity which is equivalent to the total heat content of a system. It is equal to the internal energy of the system(U) plus the product of pressure and volume (PV).
E = U + PV ;
It is a state function as it only depends on the initial and final conditions, and not on the path taken to reach these reaction conditions.
Therefore, the integral of state functions can be taken using only two values: the final and initial values.
What is the total number of valence electrons in a sulfide in th ground state?
which compound is a hydrocarbon
C6H12O6
H2O
CO2
C2H6
Answer:
Its C2H2
Explanation: ON EASTSIDE IT IS
Which of the following is not true about chemical changes? a. They form a new substance. b. They can be reversed by physical changes. c. They can be detected by changes such as color. d. They have different properties from their starting materials.
Answer: The correct option is b.
Explanation: Chemical reaction is a reaction i which the chemical composition of the reactants gets changed and new substances having different chemical composition is formed. This reaction cannot be reversed by any physical means.
Indicators showing chemical changes are :
Color changeCharacteristic odorFormation of bubblesFormation of precipitateFrom the given information above, it can be stated that the correct option is b.
Final answer:
The incorrect statement about chemical changes is that they can be reversed by physical changes. Chemical changes result in new substances with different properties and typically require chemical reactions to reverse.
Explanation:
The statement that is not true about chemical changes is: b. They can be reversed by physical changes. Chemical changes involve a transformation where new substances are formed, typically through the breaking and forming of chemical bonds. This process is known as a chemical reaction. Unlike physical changes, which only alter the appearance or state of a substance without changing its composition, chemical changes result in new products with entirely different properties from their starting materials.
To illustrate, when hydrogen and oxygen react to form water, this is a chemical change because it results in the formation of a new substance, water, with different properties than hydrogen and oxygen gas.
Observations that indicate a chemical change has occurred include a color change, temperature change, light given off, formation of bubbles, or formation of a precipitate. Examples of these are the rusting of iron or the souring of milk. Reversing such changes generally requires chemical reactions, not mere physical processes.
When carbon is burned in air, it reacts with oxygen to form carbon dioxide. When 16.8g of carbon were burned in the presence of 59.9g of oxygen, 15.1g of oxygen remained unreacted. What mass of carbon dioxide was produced?
What is the correct representation for the subshell with n = 2 and l = 1?
Answer:
2p
Explanation: i just answered this question and it was right